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东华大学2018年英语试题
东华大学2018年博士研究生入学考试 英语(1001)试题 Part I Vocabulary (10 points, 0.5 point each) )Q9m,/F Directions: There are 20 sentences in this section. There are fourwords or phrases marked A, B, C and D under each of the following sentences.Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark thecorresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. K,bv\j;f 1. Many scientists remain _____ about the value of this research program. evNo(U\C A.sceptical B. stationary C. spacious D. specific r-v;A 2. If you want to go to the concert,you’ll have to make a-- _____, or there will be no tickets. `}#(Ze*V: A. conservation B. reservation C. preservation D. observation QCQku\GLV 3. The mother was _____ when her sonconfessed he had robbed a store. *,5V;7O
R A. dismayed B. flattered C. fascinated D. disabled #y%bx<A 4. The _____ judge accepted money to letthe prisoner go unpunished. CdgZq\ A. committed B. corrupt C. conserved D. confident ce th )Xm 5. It tookthem several weeks to ______the wild horse. /2pf*\u A.cultivate B.civilize C. curb D. tame #XR<}OYcL 6. It is acommon theme of many science fiction stories that the world may one day be ______by beings from the outer space. )kR~|Yn<- A. runover B. filled in C. taken over D. broken in 0gO<]]M? 7. It __-----____that the old woman she had been taking care of was indeed her own mother. RX8$&z A. turnedover B. turned in C.turned across D. turned out m6tbN/EJZ 8. Thediscovery of new oil fields in various parts of the country filled thegovernment with _______hope. h\".Ty
Sz A.eternal B.infinite C. ceaseless D. delicate ['ol]ZJ 9. Wehope there will be a peaceful ________ to the new system. j@1cllJkh A. transmission B. transition C. transaction D. transformation A]"$O&l 10.It is_______ that women should be paid less than men for doing the same kind of work. ;SoKX?up5 A. abrupt B.absurd C. adverse D. addictive 4of3#
M 11. The young flower girl has been in townfor only several months, but she seems to be _____with everyone who comes tothe store. YYU Di@K A. admitted B. accepted C. admired D. acquainted 0yr=$F(]s 12. When the wealthy man died hisillegitimate son _____half of his legacy. uH[d%y/ A. retreated B. displayed C. declared D. claimed 5('_7l 13. I have said nothing like that. Heintentionally _____ my ideas to achieve his personal ends. ^_ <jg0V A. revised B. distracted C. contradicted D. distorted *5Upb,**
14. Travelers are advised to usetraveler's checks, which provide a secure _____ to carrying all the money incash. y>wrm:b-O A. substitute B.alternative C. selection D. displacement d!kiWmw, 15. Most of the nations in the world areworking in a collaborative effort to ___ hunger from the world. jV
Yt=j*"V A. abandon B.diminish C. withdraw D. eliminate E6a$c`H@? 16. I just can't _____ how he managed tofinish his report so soon. He said he was only halfway through it yesterday! A. figure out B. work out C.look out D. draw out 17. The mayor was asked to give a rough_____ of the cost of the construction of the new bridge. Z&FC:4!! A. assessment B. evaluation C.announcement D. estimate +g,:!5pg 18. At last his firm was _____ up by amultinational corporation. hFl$u8KV A. swallowed B. devoured C. swigged D.gulped Cc*"cQe 19. When he went to the airport for theticket, Tom suddenly realized that his passport had ____ for half a year. 7uG@hL36 A. abolished B. expired C. amended D. constrained 9t@^P^}=\m 20. According to the report, the ____- ofthe epidemic was frightening in that country. ]jiM A. multitude B. altitude C. magnitude D. gratitude 9Axk-c wP28IB:^ Part II Cloze Test (15 points, 1point each) (\m4o
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark youranswer on your Answer Sheet. =g4^tIYq ‘Popular science’ books by pioneering scientists come in many varieties,but are almost always 21 waiting for. Suchbooks would certainly be authoritative accounts of the subject matter. What ismore important, 22, is that they give the reader a really unique 23.The genre includes straightforward expositions of a technical topic, an earlyexample 24 the classic little book on relativity by Einstein himself. More25 ---- and perhaps 26 greater value, in the long 27 ----one has a 28 of essays on widely varying themes. These reflect, directly29 indirectly, the motivations, the compulsions, the stance, thepersonal scientific philosophy ---- 30 short, the credo ---- of a greatscientist, giving the reader 31 insight into the working of a first-ratemind in a manner that even the best of biographies can only 32.Restricting oneself to examples 33 from physics and 34 areas,some wonderful examples of this class are Wigner’s Symmetries and Reflections,Chandrasekhar’s Truth and Beauty, Feynman’s The Character of PhysicalLaw, and Dyson’s 35the Universe. #g[jwl' -y]\;pbZ0 21. MMCac6;Aea A. different yoa"21E$ B. eager v#*9rNEj0 C. worth <>/0;J1< D. gratitude
nIdB, 22. xCwd*lsM A. however MGpP'G:v B. by the way -q1vB8gjj C. unfortunately [1Pw2MC< D. to be exact K{)N:|y%!$ 23. 5&a4c"fU A. character ,!+>/RlJ B. thought ,E,oz {,i( C. enjoyment S
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]n 24. ozN#LIM>P A. being 2eErvfC[ B. has being t\44 Pu% C. has been :SFcnYv0 D. been u,AZMjlF 25. .ko8`J%%M A. important mFCDwh] B. special 0<f\bY02 C. often Cv7FVl-I D. clear ~=HrD?-99p 26. r #H(kJu, A. with 9W{`$30 B. for g/H:`J C. in "fWAp*nI3t D. of !GJnYDN 27. &"!s +_ A. ago cQ kH4>C~ B. time 72rnMHq C. distance E]eVoC D. run AgKG>%0 28. 6zuWG0t A. election Glz)-hjJ:n B. collection 4`Com~`6" C. deduction +E.}k!y D. induction T\ ;7' 29. aD
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D. discover 8KqrB! 33. b$/TfpNdo A. concerned xyGk\= S B. brought ?L=@Zs C. taken BE
n$~4- D. thought Xg>nb1e 34. #R_IF&7 A. relating 3QL I|VpO B. relative plL##?<D< C. relate ?-^eI! D. related sFNB rL 35. Ns.b8Y A. Disturbing _c*0Rr B Disturb O+vuv,gNi C. Disturbed ya7/&Z
)0 D. Disturbance IY$H M3t7 Y.M^tH: Part III Reading Comprehension (30points) rzC\8Dd Section A (20 points, 1 point each) <"I#lib Directions: In this part of the test, there are four short passages for you toread. Read each passage carefully, and then answer the questions that follow.Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D and mark the corresponding letter on yourAnswer Sheet. eNN)2-96 ~9.0:Fm< Passage 1 ?#|Y'%a" In recent years, there has been asteady assault on salt from the doctors. Politicians also got on board."There is a direct relationship," US congressman Neal Smith noted,"between the amount of sodium a person consumes and heart disease,circulatory disorders, stroke and even early death."
M1><K: Frightening, if true! But many doctorsand medical researchers are now beginning to feel the salt scare has gone toofar. "All this hue and cry about eating salt is unnecessary," Dr.Dustan insists. "For most of us it probably doesn't make much differencehow much salt we eat." Dustan's most recent short-term study of 150 peopleshowed that those with normal blood pressure experienced no change at all whenplaced on an extremely low-salt diet, or later when salt was reintroduced. Ofthe hypertensive subjects, however, half of those on the low-salt diet did experiencea drop in blood pressure, which returned to its previous level when salt wasreintroduced." c#eV!fl>& "An adequate to somewhatexcessive salt intake has probably saved many more lives than it has cost inthe general population," notes Dr. John H. Laragh. "So arecommendation that the whole population should avoid salt makes nosense." Medical experts agree that everyone should practice reasonable"moderation" in salt consumption. For the average person, a moderateamount might run from four to ten grams a day, or roughly 1/2 to 1/3 of ateaspoon. The equivalent of one to two grams of this salt allowance would comefrom the natural sodium in food. The rest would be added in processing,preparation or at the table. 2
CX'J8Sy Those with kidney, liver or heartproblems may have to limit dietary salt, if their doctor advises. But even thevery vocal "low salt" exponent, Dr. Arthur Hull Hayes, Jr. admitsthat "we do not know whether increased sodium consumption causeshypertension." In fact, there is growing scientific evidence that otherfactors may be involved: deficiencies in calcium, potassium, perhaps magnesium;obesity (much more dangerous than sodium); genetic predisposition;stress." It is not your enemy," says Dr. Laragh. "Salt is theNo. 1 natural component of all human tissue, and the idea that you don't needit is wrong. Unless your doctor has proven that you have a salt-related healthproblem, there is no reason to give it up." #Z8=
z*4 36. According to some doctors andpoliticians, the amount of salt consumed ___ }:UNL^e? A. exhibits as an aggravating factor to people in poor health. yyZV/
x~ B. cures diseases such as stroke and circulatory disorders. e 5hq>K C. correlates highly with some diseases. ZTV|rzE D. is irrelevant to people suffering from heart disease. }^).Y7{g[ 37. From Dr. Dustan's study we caninfer that ______ XW]'by A. a low-salt diet may be prescribed for some people. w0n.Y-v4i B. the amount of salt intake has nothing to do with one'sblood pressure. -ea":}/ C. the reduction of salt intake can cure a hypertensivepatient. (=n {LMa D. an extremely low-salt diet makes no difference toanyone. o+e:HjZZ 38. In the third paragraph, Dr. Laraghimplies that _____ msKWb311u A. people should not be afraid of taking excessive salt.
y; LL^:rq B. doctors should not advise people to avoid salt. eH.~c3o C. an adequate toexcessive salt intake is recommended for people in disease. J[6`$$l0 D. excessive salt intake has claimed some victims in thegeneral population. &rY73qfP' 39. The phrase "vocal ……exponent" (Para. 4) most probably refers to ____ *3;H6 A. eloquent doctor.
"<f"r# B. articulate opponent. 15NeC7GAh C. loud speaker. ?7Kl)p3 D. strong advocate. &z!yY^g
40. What is the main message of thistext? 8G&'ED_& A. That the saltscare is not justified. < |