过去完成时
1eZ759PoO a. She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
|9F^"7Q~C b. 状语从句
\MA 4> 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
|aT&r pt When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
6jKZ.S+
s) c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
uP-I7l0i1 We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
R4V~+tnbG& g (i_di 3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
V u/{Hr He said that he had learned some English before.
)r)3.|wJm By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
7( &\)qf=n Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
1FCHqqZ= cF[L6{Oe 典型例题
)e$}sw{t the students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
d%y)/5 A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
'9+JaB 答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此
pE<@ 前一句应用过去进行时。
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;PO{
ips 注意： had no … when 还没等…… 就……
TJHa b;7F had no sooner… than 刚…… 就……
J 8z |ua He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.
wN|;_~h2 用于现在完成时的句型
`Dc k$ m+t<<5I[- -A?6)ggf. 1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
|4J ;s7us It is the first time that I have visited the city.
fd {75J5% It was the third time that the boy had been late.
WR a4g
XB 8g5AxR 2）This is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.
e5g# a} This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
r~K5jL%z9 这是我看过的最好的电影。
-W/Lg5eK This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。
K}vP0O} |
6cz r 典型例题
EO&PabZWR (1) ---Do you know our town at all?
pk%%}tP< ---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
t",=]k A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
St1Ny,$yU 答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。
>@g+%K] '7oWN,- (2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
gMGX)Y ,=/ ---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
CF LWo1 A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
X,] E { 答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。
c:J;Q){Xz 注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
8|z@"b l) （错）I have received his letter for a month.
U#qs^f7R （对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
"^Ax}Jr ?tA<:.<vtY 独立主格结构的特点：
>FR;Ux~a 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
Z[, A>tJ 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。
TtWE:xE 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
+Fk]hCL 举例：
xJ);P. the test finished, we began our holiday.
&OM e'P = When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
!.EDQ1k 考试结束了，我们开始放假。
]c+HD * |z +K]R8_ the president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
Ag82tDL[u = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
f4 [Bj{F 总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。
RT~6 #Caf &g r)U3w ?a] 1$>r Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
s|O4 >LsG 如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。
L'@@ewA This done, we went home.
J ;|i6q q 工作完成后，我们才回家。
-s !cZ3 uto
E}U7] w vQ.9 the meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.
"?f_U /+D< 会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。
AnD#k ] s q;nUA= ro8c-[
V He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
tDQo1,(oY 他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。
d"#& VlKcv 9u^ yEqG` He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
ySP%i6!au 他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆
新开千年私服了!
奇迹私服 
