上海交通大学 T7~v40jn|
一九九九年秋季博士生入学考试试题 ~7a BeD
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Part One: Listening Comprehension (25 points) Section A: Spot Dictation y3]"H(
DiruChons: In this section, you are going to hear a passage. The passage will be read only once. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear on the tape. After the passage, there will be 3-minute pause. During the pause, you must write the words on the Answer Sheet. Now, please get ready. Uc0'XPo3I
As we grow up and grow old, our society offers us a sequence of (1) age-related roles, such as schoolchild, apprentice, college student, graduate, spouse, (2) executive, and retiree. Various role opportunities thus open or close to us at (3) point in our passage from the cradle to the grave. In this connection it is (4) to think of society as containing two fluid structures: a structure of ages, and a structure of roles. The (5) refers to the number and proportion of people in different age (6)-, such as infants, the middle¬aged, or the old. The latter refers to the number and types of roles that society makes (7)
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such as those of warrior, airline captain, or grandparent. Both the age structure and the role structure of a society are (8) changing. sLp
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Every society has to try to provide appropriate roles for its members, (9) q:
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the aged. In a small number of societies where (10) are very
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limited, there arc few roles for the old to play, and they may be (11) from zEfD{I
the community to die. The Eskimo, for example, (12) left x{V>(d'p
unproductive older members to perish in the snow, and (13) today the I3: 3yB6]U
of Uganda leave the old and the infum to (14) to death. In most traditional societies, however, the aged are accorded an (15) role, so much so that people may took forward to old age. The old typically live out their lives in a large (16) family containing children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren Their life-long (17) makes them the repository of wisdom in the community, on subjects ranging from folklore to religion to (18) . Old men typically wield great political power as treads of families, and the aged of both sexes are usually (19) to remain active in the community and to perform some forms of light labor until (2.0) old age. p|V1Gh<
Section B: Multiple Choice ]?$
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In this section, you will hear a passage. At the earl of the. passage, you R7l he& 5 gtxatiores. The passage and the qucahon wtjl be read only once. After each quesfan, thane will be a prose. Dwift the pauee, you must read the four wed moms mated A, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then Write your choice on the AnsaW Sheet. F$p*G][
21. A) Doctor Kapbn. bnu0*Zg>
B) A university technician. C) A lab instmtor. F)kLlsp
D) A specialist in science. 22 A) At the beginning. L6=RD<~C
B) In the mid(Oe. C) Near the end D) During the find exam. WCT W#<izm
23. A) To expisin the purpose of having lab experiences. B) To stress the brvartance of safety procedures. C) To tell them where to buy safety equipment. `f+g A
D) To help them to understand their lab results. _hL4@C
24. A) An innovative scientist cannot take normal precautions while performing experiments. ]u ~Fn2
B) An irwrntor must be Billing to make some painful personal sacrifices to achieve his or her goals. GSnHxs)
C) Precautionary measures must be followed in all laboratory work to crnsure one's safety and health. Sc3M#qm_
D) Chemists with personal problems should never use toxic subslanccs. 25. A) Leave the room. . 59BHGvaF
B) Hand in their lab notebooks. jI<WzvhYG
C) Go to Professor Kaplan's office. D) Work on an experiment. DK_v{R
Section C: Question and Answer V?dK *8s
directions: In this section, you w-l hear a passage. The passage %vitl be read ordy anc:,. Then try to answer the follo%ing 5 questions. Remember you should write your anssvm on the Answer Sheet. Mv`L F
26. What would a man do when a woman got onto a crowded bus in the past'? 27. What does a roan do toda),? vP)~j1
28. What, according to the author, is the cause of this change? 29. What will a girl insist on sa)ing if she is taken out for a meal? 30. What have men given up nowadays? A<CXd t+t
Part II Vocabulary (20 points) Fd,+(i D
Directions: In each question, decide which of the choices given will most suitably complete the sentences if inserted at the place marked. Write your choices on the Answer Sheet. M#=5u`h
3I. The secretary was harshly——by her boss for misplacing some important files. aC
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A) rebuked B) teased seU^IC<
C) washed D) accused l%U_iqL&
32.The jet airliner has ——from the Wright brothers’ small airplane. ?[1qC=[Z<
A) involved B) evolved G$|;~'E
' C) devolved D) revolved C5P
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33. Chinese products enjoy high international prestige because of their , quality. 4|41^B5Y
A) indistinctive B) indisputable .C;_4jE
C) indispensable D) indistinguishable bd
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34. This can something that the students may not have comprehended in H?(SSL
English. v DcR}pQ(e
A) signify B) specify [gns8F#H\
C) clarify D) testify ;zE5(3x
35.1 must you on your handling of a very difficult situation. J1Ki2I=
A) meditate B) complement eQaxZMU
C) elaborate D) compliment :Ip:sRz
36. I've had my car examined three times now but no mechanic has been able to the problem. ]F*a PV
A) deduce B) notify 5-WRv;
C) highlight D) pinpoint 5H :~6z
37. Architectural pressure groups fought unsuccessfully to save a terrace of eighteenth century houses from _ u!3]RGJ
A) abolition B) demolition LQ(5D_yG.
C) disruption D) dismantling .F$|j1y
38.Having decided to rent a flat, we____ contacting all the accommodation dt, YaNH.$.:
agencies in the city. vuo'"^ =p0
A) set out B) set to 7Cd_zZ
C) set about D) set off oS#'u1k
39. The police decided to the department store after they lmd received a bomb warning. lHKf#|
A) evict B) expel z'oiyXEE3
C) abandon D) evacuate jWK@NXMH
40. If the work-force respected you, you wouldn't need to your authority so often, ,s><kHJ
A) affirm B) restrain pgd8`$(Q
C) assert D) maintain JYg% ~tW'
41. Miss Rosemary Adang went through the composition carefully to all errors from it. w &|R5Q
A) eliminate B) terminate % nmY:}um
C) illuminate D) alleviate QOV}5 0
42. Several months previously, the workers had petitioned the company for a 25 percent wage increase and of stricter safety regulations. >^yc=mM(g3
A) implement B) endowment EzIs@}
C) enforcement D) engagement 1 O7]3&L@
43. The rebel army __ the democratic government of the, country lawlessly. GjeUUmr
A) overthrew B) overtook 2sqm7th
C) overturned D) overruled jWXR__>.
44. Judges are ____increasingly heavy fines for minor driving offences iIsE
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A). i 18 B) demanding ZMoJ#p(
C) imparting D) imposing ~> oe!:|ck<
45. The of all kinds of necessary goods was caused by natural calamity. WgA`kT
A) variety B) scarcity Il{^
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C) solidarity D) commodity !8Z2X!$m{<
46. It is essential to be on the for any signs of movement in the undergrowth Xb]=:x(
since there are poisonous snakes in the area. tx0Go'{
A) guard B) care _)KY
C) alert D) alarm I#U>5"%\a
47. She took up so many hobbies when she retired that she had hardly any time s) Cpi
A) in hand B) at hand !TP6=ks
C) on her hands D) at her hand LY-lTr@A^
48. Working with the mentally handicapped requires considerable -`_ of patience; and understanding. "v(G7*2
A) means B) stocks >1x7UXs~:
C) provisions D) resources e,f ;
49. He still suffers from a rare t2-opical disease which he -,. while working to Africa. ~{L.f94N
A) infected B) incurred O)`fvpVU
C contracted D) infested ! FNf>z+
50. Giving up smoking is just one of the ways to heart diseases. }B y)y;~
A) ward off C) push off }A{_L6qx
B) put off D) throw off \bhOPK>w
51. There is no_______for hard work and perseverance of you want to succeed. HWqLcQ d:P
. A) alteration B) equivalent NSw<t9Yi
C) alternative D)substitute [2Iau1<@
52. What the film company needs is a actor who can take on any kinds of roles. v&xKi>Ail
A) diverse B) versatile fr+@HUOxsl
C) variable D) changeable Hu[]h]
53. With their modern, lightweight boat, they soon the older vessels in the race. $`|5/,M%QN
A) overran B) exceeded 6wPeb~{
C) outstripped D) caught up /H')~!Yz
54. Research suggests that, heavy penalties do not act as a to potential criminals. . ],n%Xp
A) deterrent B) prevention (]2<?x*
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C) safeguard D) distraction 1e/L\Y=m
55. There has been so much media of the coming election that people have got bored with it. !g8*r"[UJ
A) circulation B) concern T?>E{1pS
C) broadcasting D) coverage W9dYljnZ8i
56. You've done more of the work than I have recently so I'll give up my day off' in qNpu}
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A) offset B)redress <P1rqM9^
C)herald D) compensate qU#$2
with the usual formalities since we all know each other V]rhVMA
57. I think we can______with the usual formalities since we all know each other already. jo)6
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A) dispose B) dispatch 5:UyUB
C) dispense D) discharge a5a1'IVq
58. He joined a computer dating scheme but so far it hasn't a suitable patter. %swR:Bv
A) come by B) some across 2JVxzj<~`
C) come up with D) come round to j&WL*XP&5
59. Have you thought what the _ might be if you didn't win your case in court? oU8>Llt=$
A) applications B) connotations $Z ]z
C) implications D) complications r0\?WoF2C
64. I thought 1 saw water in the distance but it must have been an optical Vv8_\^g]
A) perception B) delusion 77*qkKr
C) illusion D) deception 0 " y%9
61. He was intensely_____ by the way the shop assistant spoke to him. D<t~e$ H
A) intervened C) injected `B:"6nW6
B) irritated U'y,YtF@
D) insulated 78d_io}w
62. The people who were _ hurt in the accident were taken to the only hospital in the immediate_________ Bd5+/G=m
A) vicinity B) mobility 1CkdpYjsj
C) velocity D) integrity @A{m5h
63. With all his experience abroad he was a major to the company. #f*g]p{
A) attendant B) asset Ly7!R$X
C) attachment D) attribute /ZW&0E
64. Don't thank me for helping in the garden. It was pleasure to be working out of doors. GX?*1
A) mere B) sheer Y % Ieg.o
C) plain D) simple SdJ/4&{ !
65. The peace of the public library was by the sound of a transistor radio. lZWK2
A) shuttered "B) shattered d"Z
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C) smashed D) fractured cSK&[>i)4
66. It is doubtless that those who wish to succeed should be ,O]l~)sr|
A) aggressive B) possessive Hx2En:^Gf
C) cooperative D) conventional 8uch i
67. The damp and cold weather had painfully the patient's rheumatism.
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A) activated B)aggregated _w(ln9
C) aggravated D) accelerated pB p#a
68.1 utterly your argument. In my opinion, you have distorted the facts. *hdC?m._
A) dispute B) refute {v` 2sB
C) confound D) decline >MG(qi
69.1 think you will find that the inconvenience of the diet is by the benefits. s-*._;
A) out looked B) outranked 6X)@ajGWg~
C) outfought D) outweighed .Cz %:%9
70. A good friend is one who will you when you arc in trouble. Xsuwa-G!5~
A) stand for B) stand by %gd(wzco
C) stand up to D) stand over zt=0o|k
Part III. Reading Comprehension (30 paints) EJ84rSp
Directions There are 6 passages in this pail. Each Passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. Each question or unfinished statement is given four suggested answers marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the one best answer and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. DmqSQA
Passage One e3(/qMl
Some of the earliest diamonds known came from India. In the eighteenth century they were found in Brazil, and in 1866, huge deposits were found near Kimberley in South Africa. Though evidence of extensive diamond deposits has recently, been found in South Africa, the continent of Africa still produces nearly all the world's supply of these stones. YB,t0%vTJw
The most valuable diamonds are large, individual crystals of pure crystal lint carbon. Less perfect forms, known as 'boars' and 'carbonado' arc clusters of tiny crystals. Until diamonds are cut and polished, they do not sparkle lice those you sec on a ring--they just look like small, blue-grey stones. ][;G=oCT
In a rather crude form the cutting and polishing of precious stones was an art known to the Ancient Egyptians, and in the Middle Ages it became 1Lidcspread iii north-west Europe. However, a revolutionary change in the methods of cutting and polishing was made in 1476 when Ludwig Van Berquen of Bruges in Belgium invented the use of a swiftly revolving wheel with its edge faced with fine diamond powder. The name 'boast' is given to this fine powder as well as the natural crystalline material already mentioned. It is also gimp to badly flawed or broken diamond crystals, useless as jewels, that are broken into powder for grinding purposes, the so-called `industrial' diamonds. bh p5<