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考博英语翻译心得和技巧
St'3e< 第一,翻译时注意英文的句型,英文的句型一般来说有相应的中文译法。如It的句型的翻译: yn`H }@`k
(1)It is+名词十从句: :+en8^r%
It is a fact that…事实是…… Bg Uf:PT
It is a question that………是个问题 YJF!_
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It is good news that………是好消息 LzP+l>m
It is common knowledge………是常识 DzH1q r
(2) It is+过去分词十从句: O cd
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It is said that…据说…… O~trv,?)
It must be pointed out that…必须指出…… m)g:@^$
It is asserted that…有人主张…… QGn3xM66
It is supposed that…据推测…… |3QKxS0
It is believed that…据信…… ms`R^6Ra
It must be admitted that…必须承认…… AEp|#H'
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It is reported that…据报道…… bw&8"k>D?
It will be seen from ii that…由此可见…… DTH;d-Z
It has been proved that…已证明…… T}M!A|
It is general1y considered that…人们普遍认为…… !^:b?M
(3)It is+形容词十从句: [x{'NwP?
It is necessary that…有必要…… :bNqK0[rS
It is likely that…很可能…… aHuZzYQ*"j
It is clear that…很清楚…… 4|ML#aRz
It is important that…重要的是…… 8{^zXJi]m
(4) It+不及物动词十从句: 4"at~K`
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It follows that…由此可见…… nc4KeEl
It happens that…碰巧…… vtk0 j
It turned out that…结果是…… 6QO[!^lY
第二,注意英语被动句的翻译。 1Tm,#o
英文的被动句经常用汉语主动句表达,如:You are requested to give a performance 英文的被动句译成汉语的主动句:请你给我们表演一个节目。英文中被动意义也可以用汉语中含有主动意义的句子来表达。常译成“被”、“由”、“受”、“为…所”等等。例如: What is feared as failure in American society is,above all,loneliness.(在美国社会中作为失败而为人们所恐惧的,莫过于孤独了。) # 3UrGom
第三,注意长句的翻译。 +#ufW%ZG
首先不要被长句吓住,即使是很长的句子,也是由最基本的成分组成。分析句子的基本成分,主语、谓语、宾语、状语。抓住主干部分,然后逐次分析各词意思以及相互间的逻辑、语法关系,再进行翻译。值得注意的是关系分句的翻译。 6&