O ><<>4(eF p
• obey - v. to act as one is ordered to act (~GQncqa
• object - v. to show that one does not like or approve; to protest; n. something not alive that can be seen or touched =,6H2ew
• observe - v. to watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.") vd%g'fTy9
• occupy - v. to take and hold or to control by force zjpZ] $
• ocean - n. the area of salt water that covers almost seventy-five percent of the earth's surface; any of the five main divisions of this water )}ev;37<C
• of - prep. made from; belonging to; about; connected to; included among 7D6`1&
• off - ad. away; at a distance; condition when something is no longer operating or continuing; not on; not connected YB 38K(
• offensive - n. a military campaign of attack; ad. having to do with attacking ^_WR) F'
K
• offer - v. to present or propose; n. the act of presenting or proposing; that which is presented or proposed 'Gy`e-yB
• office - n. a room or building where business or work is done; a public position to which one is elected or appointed ldA_mj{
• officer - n. a person in the military who commands others; any person who is a member of a police force jn<?,UABD
• official - n. a person with power in an organization; a representative of an organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government or someone in power Mog>W&U
• often - ad. many times ;c!> =
• oil - n. a thick liquid that does not mix with water and that burns easily; a black liquid taken from the ground and used as fuel u<-)C)z
• old - ad. not young or new; having lived or existed for many years uvId],dQ5
• on - prep. above and held up by; touching the upper surface of ("The book is on the table."); supported by ("He is on his feet."); about ("The report on the meeting is ready."); at the time of ("He left on Wednesday.") g
#5R||r
• once - ad. one time only
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• only - ad. being the single one or ones; no more than ("We have only two dollars.") $*#a;w7\C
• open - v. to start ("They opened talks."); ad. not closed; not secret aA
g Qv*
• operate - v. to do work or a job; to cut into the body for medical reasons ;b<w'A_1
• opinion - n. a belief based on one's own ideas and thinking 7he
73
• oppose - v. to be against; to fight against 9&lemz
• opposite - ad. different as possible; completely different from; exactly the other way ("North is the opposite direction from south.")
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• oppress - v. to make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or power &<A,\M
• or - conj. giving another of two choices; giving the last of several choices y )QLR<wf
• orbit - v. to travel in space around a planet or other object; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet 0AQazhm
• order - v. to give a command; to tell someone what to do; n. a command; the correct or normal way things are organized; a peaceful situation in which people obey laws
Q:A#4Z
• organize - v. to put in order; to put together into a system }Fe6L;^;
• other - ad. different; of another kind; the remaining one or ones of two or more ("That man is short; the other is tall.") ~; 9HG
tg
• our - ad. of or belonging to us Y%KowgP\
• oust - v. to force to leave; to remove by force Na0^csPm
• out - ad. away from the inside; opposite of in aI=p_+.h
• over - conj. above; covering; across, in or on every part of ("all over the world") ,PeR}E;c
• overthrow - v. to remove from power; to defeat or end by force 5YY5t^T
• owe - v. to pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received I dK*IA4
• own - v. to have or possess for oneself E'08'8y
P 67j kU!
• pain - n. a hurt or suffering somewhere in the body 2js/>L0
• paint - v. to cover with a liquid color; to make a picture with liquid colors; n. a colored liquid used to cover or protect a surface ynIe4b
• pan - n. a metal container used for cooking ]Lv P)0=
• paper - n. a thin, flat material made from plants or cloth often used for writing yGa0/o18!?
• parachute - n. a device that permits a person or thing to fall slowly from an airplane or helicopter to the ground @%4
'2b
• parade - n. a group of people and vehicles moving together to celebrate a special event or anniversary S;~eI8gQ"
• pardon - v. to forgive for a crime and release from punishment )N.3Q1g-
• parent - n. a father or mother TU|#Pz7n-Z
• parliament - n. a government lawmaking group WtOjPW
• part - n. something less than the whole; not all of something *!QmYH5r0
• party - n. a group of people working together for a political purpose; a group of people or friends gathered together for enjoyment #Vk?
• pass - v. to go by or move around something; to move along; to cause or permit to go *AH`ob}
• passenger - n. a person travelling by airplane, train, boat or car who is not the pilot or driver *zdD4I=
• passport - n. a document permitting a person to travel to another country 6z\!lOVjb
• past - n. the time gone by; the time before; ad. recent; immediately before; former " MnWd BS
• path - n. a narrow way for walking; a way along which something moves !tq]kKJ3:
• patient - n. a person being treated by a doctor for a health problem :8yebOs
• pay - v. to give money for work done or for something bought 9\8ektq}Z
• peace - n. the condition of freedom from war, fighting or noise; rest; quiet dz^HN`AlzC
• people - n. any group of persons; all the persons of a group, race, religion or nation ("the American people") a6Vfd&
• percent - n. a part of every hundred ("Ten is ten percent of one hundred.") Oo|JIr7i
• perfect - ad. complete or correct in every way; completely right or good; without mistakes o/-RGLzAo
• perform - v. to speak, dance or sing in front of others Tvv>9g
S
• period - n. an amount of time within events, restrictions or conditions _7!ZnJrR
• permanent - ad. never changing; lasting for a very long time or for all time j/t%7,
• permit - v. to let; to make possible ^q-%#
• person - n. a man, woman or child [RBSUOF
• physical - ad. of the body pA8bFtt
• physics - n. the study of motion, matter and energy |k}<Zz1UM
• picture - n. something that shows what another thing looks like; an idea or representation of something as seen by the eye; a painting; what is made with a camera %bw+>:Tr
• piece - n. a part of something larger AZ.QQ*GZ#y
• pig - n. a farm animal used for its meat k]ZE j/y~
• pilot - n. one who guides or flies an airplane or helicopter ! $JX3mP
• pipe - n. a long, round piece of material used to move liquid or gas NfDS6i.Fqp
• place - v. to put something somewhere; n. an area or a part of an area; space where a person or thing is; any room, building, town or country |X@s {?
• plan - v. to organize or develop an idea or method of acting or doing something ">("They plan to have a party."); n. an organized or developed idea or method ("The plan will not work.") 7rD 8
• planet - n. a large object in space that orbits the sun ("Earth is a planet.") ,$`}Rf<
• plant - v. to put into the ground to grow; n. a living growth from the ground which gets its food from air, water and earth +.Vh<:?
• plastic - n. a material made from chemicals that can be formed and made into things X3sAy(q
• play - v. to have fun; to not work; to take part in a sport; to make music on an instrument; n. a story acted in a theater |&K;*g|a
• please - v. to make one happy; to give enjoyment :2j`NyLI.
• plenty - n. all that is needed; a large enough amount U*+-#
• plot - v. to make secret plans; n. a secret plan to do something wrong or illegal I'xc$f_+
• poem - n. words and their sounds organized in a special way to express emotions WWSycH
?[
• point - v. to aim one's finger toward; to aim; n. the sharp end of something L9) gN.#
• poison - n. a substance that can destroy life or damage health "6C
a{n1hk
• police - n. a government agency responsible for guarding the public, keeping order, and making sure people obey the law; members of that agency 2Pb+/1*ix
• policy - n. an established set of plans or goals used to develop and make decisions in politics, economics or business >r`O@`^U
• politics - n. the activities of government and of those who are in public office 4-
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• pollute - v. to release dangerous or unpleasant substances into the air, soil or water +C\79,r
• poor - n. people with little or no money; ad. lacking money or goods; of bad quality (+gTIcc
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• popular - ad. liked by many people; generally approved by the public }@LIb<Y
• population - n. all the people in a place, city or country Xr^ 5Th\
• port - n. a city where ships load or unload goods; a place on a coast where ships can be safe from a storm qGq]E`O
• position - n. a place; the way of holding the body; the way a thing is set or placed; a job (or level of a job) in an organization ?5't1219
• possess - v. to have; to own; to control or be controlled by 8^EWD3N`
• possible - ad. able to be done; can happen or is expected to happen AyQ5jkIE^{
• postpone - v. to delay action until a later time ,R=!ts[qi
• pour - v. to flow; to cause to flow W'"hjQ_
• power - n. the ability to control or direct others; control; strength; ruling force; force or energy used to do work ("Water power turns the wheel.") {
1~]}K2
• praise - v. to say good things about; to approve p p0356
• pray - v. to make a request to a god or spirit; to praise a god or spirit hpQ #`rhn
• pregnant - ad. carrying a child within the body before it is born; expecting to give birth to a baby 6 w
d
• present - v. to offer for consideration ("We will present our idea to the committee."); n. a gift ("I gave them a present for their anniversary."); now ("The present time is a good time."); ad. to be at a place ("I was present at school yesterday.") Q1Qw45$
• president - n. the chief official of a country that is a republic; the leader of an organization ^XeJZkLEB
• press - v. to urge strongly; n. newspapers, magazines and other publications ,eTdQI;
• pressure - n. the force produced when something is pushed down or against something else Fep@VkN
• prevent - v. to keep or stop from going or happening n<|8Onw
• price - n. the amount of money for which anything is bought, sold or offered for sale q=e;P;u
• prison - n. a place where a person is kept as punishment for a crime !^Ay!
• private - ad. of or about a person or group that is secret; opposite public 2F
dwX,O.
• prize - n. something offered or won in a competition; something of value that one must work hard for to get DEu0Z
• probably - ad. a good chance of taking place; a little more than possible ?VxQ&^|
• problem - n. a difficult question or situation with an unknown or unclear answer %{'[S0 @Z
• process - n. an operation or series of changes leading to a desired result ug{sQyLN
• produce - v. to make; to create; to cause something to be; to manufacture 1c/<2 xO~
• profession - n. a job that requires special training [qxpu{
• professor - n. a teacher at a college or university Nq9pory^
• profit - n. money gained from a business activity after paying all costs of that activity %;]/Z%!
• program - n. a plan of action; the different events or parts of a meeting or show zt]8F)l@
• progress - n. movement forward or toward improvement or a goal 9FC_B+7
• project - n. a planned effort to do something fWJOP sp*/
• propaganda - n. ideas or information used to influence opinions orWF>o=1
• property - n. anything owned by someone such as land, buildings or goods aiX4;'$x!
• propose - v. to present or offer for consideration G,6`:l
• protect - v. to guard; to defend; to prevent from being harmed or damaged +R$;LtR
• protest - v. to speak against; to object B4*,]lS?
• prove - v. to show to be true X
mO]^ `
• provide - v. to give something needed or wanted [$$R>ELYQ
• public - ad. of or about all the people in a community or country; opposite private N1E9w:T`
• publication - n. something that is published such as a book, newspaper or magazine /QlzWson
• publish - v. to make public something that is written; to include something in a book, newspaper or magazine Ac*)z#H
• pull - v. to use force to move something toward the person or thing using the force; opposite push _;BNWH
• pump - v. to force a gas or liquid up, into or through R/B/|x
• punish - v. to cause pain, suffering or loss for doing something bad or illegal 7!o#pt7
• purchase - v. to buy with money or with something of equal value; n. that which is bought oQVm)Bn'R
• pure - ad. free from anything that is different or that reduces value; clean a{;+_J3S
• purpose - n. the reason or desired effect for doing something; goal @VND}{j
• push - v. to use force to move something away from the person or thing using the force; opposite pull mWoN\Rwj
• put - v. to place; to set in position iN Lt4F[i
Q 4*n1Xu7^x
• quality - n. that which something is known to have or be ("An important quality of steel is its strength."); amount of value or excellence ("Their goods are of the highest quality.") :[PA .Upi
• question - v. to ask; to express wonder or disbelief; n. a sentence or word used in asking for information; a problem; an issue to be discussed uW(
Ngcpr
• quick - ad. fast NP.qh1{NP
• quiet - ad. with little or no noise; having little or no movement; calm DM,;W`|6%
R )C$Ij9
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• race - v. to run; to take part in a competition to decide who or what can move fastest; to take part in a campaign for political office; n. one of the major groups that humans can be divided into because of a common physical similarity, such as skin color ]'#^ ~.
• radar - n. a device that uses radio signals to learn the position or speed of objects that may be too far away to be seen H!y-o'Z
• radiation - n. waves of energy from something that produces heat or light; energy from a nuclear substance, which can be dangerous 5 "x1Pln
• radio - n. the system of sending and receiving signals or sounds through the air without wires 1
!.PH
• raid - v. to make a sudden attack; n. a sudden attack carried out as an act of war, or for the purpose of seizing or stealing something EL
*l5!Iu
• railroad - n. a road for trains; a company that operates such a road and its stations and equipment Ej@N}r>X
• rain - n. water falling from the sky 5tVg++I
• raise - v. to lift up; to move to a higher position; to cause to grow; to increase mL@7,G
D
• rare - ad. not common; not usual; not often }V+&o\4
• rate - n. speed; a measure of how quickly or how often something happens; the price of any thing or service that is bought or sold nzB!0U
• reach - v. to put a hand toward; to arrive at; to come to 1ww~
!R
• react - v. to act as a result of or in answer to ;[,#VtD
• read - v. to look at and understand the meaning of written words or numbers !uKuO
• ready - ad. prepared; completed; organized; willing XOZ@ek)LY
• real - ad. true; truly existing; not false
rqM_#[Y?
• realistic - ad. in agreement with the way things are ^X*l&R_=R
• reason - n. the cause for a belief or act; purpose; something that explains J
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• reasonable - ad. ready to listen to reasons or ideas; not extreme; ready or willing to compromise 7ws[Rp8
• rebel - v. to act against a government or power, often with force; to refuse to obey; n. one who opposes or fights against the government of his or her country y|#Fu
• receive - v. to get or accept something given, offered or sent |P"kJ45
• recent - ad. a short time ago VB+y9$Y'
• recession - n. a temporary reduction in economic activity, when industries produce less and many workers lose their jobs `b5pa `\4
• recognize - v. to know or remember something or someone that was known, known about or seen before; to accept another nation as independent and establish diplomatic ties with its government ]@msjz'
• record - v. to write something in order to have it for future use; to put sound or pictures in a form that can be kept and heard or seen again; n. a writing that shows proof or facts about something ^ s/f.#'
• recover - v. to get again something that was lost, stolen or taken away ("The police recovered the stolen money."); to return to normal health or normal conditions She is expected to recover from the operation.") 6)3pnhG9
• red - ad. having the color like that of blood ^+dL7g?+
• reduce - v. to make less or smaller in number, size or amount; to cut Znh<r[p<
• reform - v. to make better by changing; to improve; n. a change to a better condition {,o 0N\(
• refugee - n. a person who has been forced to flee because of unjust treatment, danger or war mLeK7?GL
• refuse - v. to reject; to not accept, give or do something 2MKB(;k
• regret - n. a feeling of sadness or sorrow about something that is done or that happens #$-`+P
• reject - v. to refuse to accept, use or believe #Ic-?2Gn4<
• relation - n. understandings or ties between nations; members of the same family; people connected by marriage or family ties L
Z~}*}jy
• release - v. to free; to permit to go; to permit to be known or made public O ;B[ZMV
• religion - n. a belief in, or the honoring of, a god or gods 6.QzT(
• remain - v. to stay in a place after others leave; to stay the same bjs{_?
• remains - n. a dead body * @'N/W/8
• remember - v. to think about the past; opposite forget O>2i)M-h9x
• remove - v. to take away or take off; to put an end to; to take out of a position or office ,S=ur%
• repair - n. work done to fix something J?bx<$C@
• repeat - v. to say or do again p+1kU1F0
• report - v. to tell about; to give the results of a study or investigation; n. the story about an event; the results of a study or investigation; a statement in which the facts may not be confirmed H_ 7E K
• represent - v. to act in the place of someone else; to substitute for; to serve as an example w:[\G%yQ
• repress - v. to control or to restrict freedoms by force -Y/c]g
• request - v. to ask for; n. the act of asking for um1xSf1Xv
• require - v. to need or demand as necessary #?RT$L>n
• rescue - v. to free from danger or evil :pgpE0
• research - n. a careful study to discover correct information .0'FW!;FV
• resign - v. to leave a position, job or office Q)\4 .d
• resist - v. to oppose; to fight to prevent lH1gWe
• resolution - n. an official statement of agreement by a group of people, usually reached by voting qv$m5CJvK
• resource - n. anything of value that can be used or sold 59M\uVWR
• responsible - ad. having a duty or job to do ("He is responsible for preparing the report."); being the cause of ("They were responsible for the accident.") 8{4jlL;"`?
• rest - v. to sit, lie down or sleep to regain strength; n. that which remains; the others #\$AB_[ot>
• restrain - v. to keep controlled; to limit action by a person or group E4N{;'
• restrict - v. to limit; to prevent from increasing or becoming larger JWvL
• result - v. to happen from a cause; n. that which follows or is produced by a cause; effect K0]42K
• retire - v. to leave a job or position because one is old or in poor health ~-o[v-\
• return - v. to go or come back; to bring, give, take or send back 0}I aWd^4
• revolt - v. to protest violently; to fight for a change, especially of government ~~X-$rtU
• rice - n. a food grain MPD<MaW$
• rich - ad. having much money or goods; having plenty of something C0 %yGLh&
• ride - v. to sit on or in and be carried along; to travel by animal, wheeled vehicle, airplane or boat Q6rvTV'vv
• right - n. what a person legally and morally should be able to do or have ("It is their right to vote."); ad. agreeing with the facts; good; correct; opposite wrong; on the side that is toward the east when one is facing north; opposite left g.T:72"
• riot - v. to act with many others in a violent way in a public place; n. a violent action by a large group of people YGf<!
• rise - v. to go up; to go higher; to increase; to go from a position of sitting or lying to a position of standing Q?
]-/v
• risk - n. the chance of loss, damage or injury .*Ylj2nM
• river - n. a large amount of water that flows across land into another river, a lake or an ocean M
A
• road - n. a long piece of hard ground built between two places so people can walk, drive or ride easily from one place to the other zX}t1:nc
• rob - v. to take money or property secretly or by force; to steal 5v,_ Hgh
• rock - n. a hard piece of mineral matter I::|d,bR!
• rocket - n. a device shaped like a tube that moves through air or space by burning gases and letting them escape from the back or bottom, sometimes used as a weapon u+5MrS[
• roll - v. to turn over and over; to move like a ball 0*yD
• room - n. a separate area within a building with its own walls aGq1YOD[$
• root - n. the part of a plant that is under the ground and takes nutrients from the soil Bw25+l
Px
• rope - n. a long, thick piece of material made from thinner pieces of material, used for tying SZ(]su:
• rough - ad. not flat or smooth; having an uneven surface; violent; not made well N|\Q:<!2_w
• round - ad. having the shape of a ball or circle S^T
><C
• rub - v. to move something over the surface of another thing pq$-s7#
• rubber - n. a substance made from the liquid of trees with the same name, or a similar substance made from chemicals 5L\&"['
• ruin - v. to damage severely; to destroy F_F02:t
• rule - v. to govern or control; to decide; n. a statement or an order that says how something must be done &OsO _F
• run - v. to move quickly by steps faster than those used for walking 3>QkO.b
S (5a:O (\r
• sabotage - v. to damage or destroy as an act against an organization or nation ("The rebels sabotaged the railroad.") a]
nK!;>$
• sacrifice - v. to do without something or to suffer a loss for a belief, idea, goal or another person 7BkY0_KK
• sad - ad. not happy 3t9Weo)
• safe - ad. away from harm or danger ~sT1J|
• sail - v. to travel by boat or ship ACOn}yH
• sailor - n. a person involved in sailing a boat or ship ^:~!@$*;6
• salt - n. a white substance found in sea water and in the ground, used to affect the taste of food %%FzBbWAO
• same - ad. not different; not changed; like another or others dVe,;?+A
• sand - n. extremely small pieces of crushed rock found in large amounts in deserts and on coasts -}(2}~{e(
• satellite - n. a small object in space that moves around a larger object; an object placed in orbit around the earth 7>lM^ :A
• satisfy - v. to give or provide what is desired, needed or demanded T/]f5/
• save - v. to make safe; to remove from harm; to keep for future use uH]oHh!}j
• say - v. to speak; to express in words pZz\o
• school - n. a place for education; a place where people go to learn DS=$*
Trk
• science - n. the study of nature and the actions of natural things, and the knowledge gained about them Y'C1L4d
• sea - n. a large area of salt water, usually part of an ocean EKus0"|
• search - v. to look for carefully lg
+ >.^7k
• season - n. one of the four periods of the year that is based on the earth's position toward the sun (spring, summer, autumn, winter); a period of time based on different weather conditions ("dry season", "rainy season"); a period during the year when something usually happens ("baseball season") y9b%P]i
• seat - n. a thing to sit on; a place to sit or the right to sit there ("a seat in parliament") l];/,J^
• second - ad. the one that comes after the first ;SIWWuk
• secret - n. something known only to a few and kept from general knowledge; ad. hidden from others; known only to a few _"*}8{|
• security - n. freedom from danger or harm; protection; measures necessary to protect a person or place ("Security was increased in the city.") cj9C6Y!
• see - v. to know or sense through the eyes; to understand or know yd=b!\}WJ
• seed - n. the part of a plant from which new plants grow 5;+KMM:zb
• seek - v. to search for ("They are seeking a cure for cancer."); to try to get ("She is seeking election to public office."); to plan to do ("Electric power companies are seeking to reduce their use of coal.") t)1`^W}
• seem - v. to appear to be ("She seems to be in good health.") NfUt\ p*
• seize - v. to take quickly by force; to take control of quickly; to arrest Ec2;?pvd%J
• self X - n. all that which makes one person different from others 2RQ-L
• sell - v. to give something in exchange for money 6$[7hlE
• Senate - n. the smaller of the two groups in the governments of some countries, such as in the United States Congress Z?xRSi2~7
• send - v. to cause to go; to permit to go; to cause to be carried, taken or directed to or away from a place Ss%1{s~ok
• sense - v. to come to know about by feeling, believing or understanding; n. any of the abilities to see, hear, taste, smell or feel P?S]Q19Q4
• sentence - v. to declare the punishment for a crime; n. the punishment for a crime ?}uuTNLl)
• separate - v. to set or keep people, things or ideas away from or independent from others; ad. not together or connected; different C~R
?iZ.&U
• series - n. a number of similar things or events that follow one after another in time, position or order ]f0OmUHR5i
• serious - ad. important; needing careful consideration; dangerous ^qnmKA>"F
• serve - v. to work as an official; to be employed by the government; to assist or help a>x6n3{
• service - n. an organization or system that provides something for the public ("Schools and roads are services paid for by taxes."); a job that an organization or business can do for money; military organizations such as an army, navy or air force; a religious ceremony K8R>O *~
• set - v. to put in place or position; to establish a time, price or limit 2?SbkU/3|P
• settle - v. to end (a dispute); to agree about (a problem); to make a home in a new place +:"0%(
• several - ad. three or more, but not many iGkysU<wcp
• severe - ad. not gentle; causing much pain, sadness or damage :eSsqt9]9
• sex - n. either the male or female group into which all people and animals are divided because of their actions in producing young; the physical activity by which humans and animals can produce young Fn7OmxfD
• shake - v. to move or cause to move in short, quick movements UKQ"sC
• shape - v. to give form to; n. the form of something, especially how it looks I}m20|vv
• share - v. to give part of something to another or others; n. a part belonging to, given to or owned by a single person or a group; any one of the equal parts of ownership of a business or company u>n"FL'e
• sharp - ad. having a thin edge or small point that can cut or hurt; causing hurt or pain 6y~F'/ww
• she - pro. the girl or woman who is being spoken about 'It8h$^j
• sheep - n. a farm animal used for its meat and hair e"52'zAV-
• shell - v. to fire artillery; n. a metal container that is fired from a large gun and explodes when it reaches its target; a hard outside cover U(9_&sL
• shelter - v. to protect or give protection to; n. something that gives protection; a place of safety 6tndC
o; `
• shine - v. to aim a light; to give bright light; to be bright; to clean to make bright EG;E !0
• ship - v. to transport; n. a large boat H=Ilum06
• shock - v. to cause to feel sudden surprise or fear; n. something that greatly affects the mind or emotions; a powerful shake, as from an earthquake (Xcy/QT
• shoe - n. a covering for the foot :Ys~Lt54
• shoot - v. to cause a gun or other weapon to send out an object designed to kill; to use a gun }&t>j[
• short - ad. lasting only for a small period of time; not long; opposite tall u;gO+)wqv
• should - v. used with another verb (action word) to show responsibility ("We should study."), probability ("The talks should begin soon."), or that something is believed to be a good idea ("Criminals should be punished.") 4a"Fu<q
• shout - v. to speak very loudly BUJ\[/
• show - v. to make something be seen; to make known; n. a play or story presented in a theater, or broadcast on radio or television, for enjoyment or education; something organized to be seen by the public lOk8VlH<h
• shrink - v. to make or become less in size, weight or value yjg&/6
• sick - ad. suffering physically or mentally with a disease or other problem; not in good health 8.#{J&h
• sickness - n. the condition of being in bad health L"NHr~
• side - n. the outer surfaces of an object that are not the top or bottom; parts away from the middle; either the right or left half of the body +ti ?7|bK<
• sign - v. to write one's name; n. a mark or shape used to mean something; evidence that something exists or will happen; a flat piece of material with writing that gives information k=hWYe$iAz
• signal - v. to send a message by signs; n. an action or movement that sends a message a/,>fv9;$
• silence - v. to make quiet; to stop from speaking or making noise; n. a lack of noise or sound (
%\7dxiK
• silver - n. a valued white metal *iEtXv
• similar - ad. like something else but not exactly the same );\c{QF
• simple - ad. easy to understand or do; not difficult or complex 6
(Pan%
• since - prep. from a time in the past until now ("I have known her since we went to school together.") &$F<]]&
• sing - v. to make music sounds with the voice GWnIy6TH l
• single - ad. one only "y,YC M`
• sink - v. to go down into water or other liquid .h7s
.p?
• sister - n. a female with the same father or mother as another person $'498%K2
• sit - v. to rest on the lower part of the body without the support of the legs; to become seated /|1p7{km
• situation - n. the way things are during a period of time ttzNv>L,
• size - n. the space occupied by something; how long, wide or high something is "6$V1B0KW
• skeleton - n. all the bones of a human or other animal together in their normal positions f'^uuO#x
• skill - n. the ability gained from training or experience 2T~cOH;T
• skin - n. the outer covering of humans and most animals Xv8-<Ks
• sky - n. the space above the earth 6Dlm.~G
• slave - n. a person owned or controlled by another NXU:b"G
S
• sleep - v. to rest the body and mind with the eyes closed 1cLtTE
• slide - v. to move smoothly over a surface G%<}TI1}
• slow - v. to reduce the speed of; ad. not fast in moving, talking or other activities N{;
!xIv
• small - ad. little in size or amount; few in number; not important; opposite large MzJCiX^
• smash - v. to break or be broken into small pieces by force; to hit or move with >force
7K1-.uQ
• smell - v. to sense through the nose; n. something sensed by the nose ("the smell of food cooking") /kW Z 8Z
• smoke - v. to use cigarettes or other tobacco products by burning them and breathing in the smoke; n. that which can be seen rising into the air like a cloud from something burning 7
A)\:k
• smooth - ad. having a level surface; opposite rough g* q#VmE
• snow - n. soft, white pieces of frozen water that fall from the sky, usually in winter or when the air temperature is very cold .Pc>1#z&[
• so - ad. in such a way that ("He held the flag so all could see it."); also; too ("She left early, and so did we."); very ("I am so sick."); as a result ("They were sick, so they could not come."); conj. in order that; for the purpose of ("Come early so we can discuss the plans.")
wA"@t
• social - ad. of or about people or a group e1m?g&[
• soft - ad. not hard; easily shaped; pleasing to touch; not loud ,ks2&e
• soil - n. earth in which plants grow {PHH1dC{
• soldier - n. a person in the army 2/LSB8n|
• solid - ad. having a hard shape with no empty spaces inside; strong; not in the form of a liquid or gas z M9#1^X
• solve - v. to find an answer; to settle eUyF
<j
• some - ad. of an amount or number or part not stated; not all Kg[OUBv
• son - n. a person's male child .DCHc,DxA
• soon - ad. not long after the present time; quickly MMM
tB6
• sort - n. any group of people or things that are the same or are similar in some way; a kind of something oL<#9)+2*
• sound - n. fast-moving waves of energy that affect the ear and result in hearing; that which is heard 3o<d=@`r
• south - n. the direction to the right of a person facing the rising sun ^X=Q{nB
• space - n. the area outside the earth's atmosphere where the sun, moon, planets and stars are; the area between or inside things "TV'}HH
• speak - v. to talk; to say words with the mouth; to express one's thoughts to others and exchange ideas; to give a speech to a group ALF0d|>=uj
• special - ad. of a different or unusual kind; not for general use; better or more important than others of the same kind +\/Q
• speech - n. a talk given to a group of people DBT4 W/
• speed - v. to make something go or move faster; n. the rate at which something moves or travels; the rate at which something happens or is done
LK^|JE u
• spend - v. to give as payment; to use ("He spends much time studying.") \iuR+I
• spill - v. to cause or permit liquid to flow out, usually by accident dGIdSQ~ _
• spirit - n. the part of a human that is not physical and is connected to thoughts and emotions; the part of a person that is believed to remain alive after death ]ss[n.T0*
• split - v. to separate into two or more parts; to divide or break into parts =
tv70d'
• sport - n. any game or activity of competition involving physical effort or skill 7=G2sOC
• spread - v. to become longer or wider; to make or become widely known h3ygL" k
• spring - n. the time of the year between winter and summer ?YhDjQs
• spy - v. to steal or get information secretly; n. one who watches others secretly; a person employed by a government to get secret information about another country 8Sbz)X
• square - n. a flat shape having four equal sides ,6)N.
• stab - v. to cut or push into or through with a pointed weapon aO6\e>
• stand - v. to move into or be in a position in which only the feet are on a surface; to be in one position or place ,+=9Rp`md
• star - n. a mass of gas that usually appears as a small light in the sky at night, but is not a planet; a famous person, usually an actor or singer eV;r /4
• start - v. to begin; to make something begin
{15j'Qwm
• starve - v. to suffer or die from a lack of food =Tj{)=^/#
• state - v. to say; to declare; n. a political part of a nation mG~_*8}e<
• station - n. a place of special work or purpose ("a police station"); a place where passengers get on or off trains or buses; a place for radio or television broadcasts E$d#4x
• statue - n. a form of a human, animal or other creature usually made of stone, wood or metal a)_3r]sv^
• stay - v. to continue to be where one is; to remain; to not leave; to live for a time ("They stayed in New York for two years.") J2mHPVA3
• steal - v. to take without permission or paying 5cSiV7#Y:
• steam - n. the gas that comes from hot water |;ztK[(
• steel - n. iron made harder and stronger by mixing it with other substances --yF%tRMP
• step - v. to move by lifting one foot and placing it in a new position; n. the act of stepping; one of a series of actions designed to reach a goal HiCh:IP7>/
• stick - v. to attach something to another thing using a substance that will hold them together; to become fixed in one position so that movement is difficult ("Something is making the door stick."); n. a thin piece of wood ?=u?u
k<-
• still - ad. not moving ("The man was standing still."); until the present or a stated time ("Was he still there?"); even so; although ("The job was difficult, but she still wanted to do it.") bLqy7S9x
• stone - n. a small piece of rock :4ryi&Y
• stop - v. to prevent any more movement or action; to come or bring to an end M'*s5:i
• store - v. to keep or put away for future use; n. a place where people buy things C$[d~1t6
• storm - n. violent weather, including strong winds and rain or snow bJd|mm/v
• story - n. the telling or writing of an event, either real or imagined {)YbksrJ{
• stove - n. a heating device used for cooking X! d-"[
• straight - ad. continuing in one direction without turns \PrJy6&
• strange - ad. unusual; not normal; not known [xS7ae
• street - n. a road in a city, town or village +^.Yt0}
• stretch - v. to extend for a distance; to pull on to make longer or wider |IgR1kp+.
• strike - v. to hit with force; to stop work as a way to seek better conditions, more pay or to make other demands &@~K8*tmK
• strong - ad. having much power; not easily broken, damaged or destroyed \)PB p
• structure - n. the way something is built, made or organized; a system that is formed or organized in a special way; a building ;6tra_
• struggle - v. to try with much effort; to fight with; n. a great effort; a fight "?"
:
• study - v. to make an effort to gain knowledge by using the mind; to examine carefully 3Y#Q'r?
• stupid - ad. not able to learn much; not intelligent 7B?Y.B
• subject - n. the person or thing being discussed, studied or written about {X
!vb
• submarine - n. an underwater ship =RoE=)1&-
• substance - n. the material of which something is made (a solid, liquid or gas) '+Dsmoy
• substitute - v. to put or use in place of another; n. a person or thing put or used in place of another +a,SP
• subversion - n. an attempt to weaken or destroy a political system or government, usually secretly ;jPsS^X
• succeed - v. to reach a goal or thing desired; to produce a planned result &RR;'wLoQT
• such - ad. of this or that kind; of the same kind as; similar to $^x=i;>aK.
• sudden - ad. not expected; without warning; done or carried out quickly or without preparation Agcss20.
• suffer - v. to feel pain in the body or mind; to receive or experience hurt or sadness 0h-NT\m
• sugar - n. a sweet substance made from liquids taken from plants .k#PrT1C
• suggest - v. to offer or propose something to think about or consider d59rq<yI
• summer - n. the warmest time of the year, between spring and autumn R
iZ)FW
• sun - n. the huge star in the sky that provides heat and light to earth <spG]Xa<
• supervise - v. to direct and observe the work of others ^ AZ#tp%)
• supply - v. to give; to provide; n. the amount of something that can be given or sold to others +3,7 Apj
• support - v. to carry the weight of; to hold up or in position; to agree with others and help them reach a goal; to approve Agd"m4!
• suppose - v. to believe, think or imagine ("I suppose you are right."); to expect ("It is supposed to rain tonight.") lMv6QL\>'
• suppress - v. to put down or to keep down by force; to prevent information from being known publicly g[cnaS|?
• sure - ad. very probable; with good reason to believe; true without question bTs2$81[
• surface - n. the outer side or top of something ("The rocket landed on the surface of the moon.") 1wgL^Qz@
• surplus - n. an amount that is more than is needed; extra; ("That country has a trade surplus. It exports more than it imports.") #JUh"8N'
• surprise - v. to cause a feeling of wonder because something is not expected; n. something not expected; the feeling caused by something not expected `E~"T
0RX
• surrender - v. to give control of oneself or one's property to another or others; to stop fighting and admit defeat {$S"Sj
• surround - v. to form a circle around; to be in positions all around someone or something ?e%*q^~Cu
• survive - v. to remain alive during or after a dangerous situation *r.%/^@
• suspect - v. to imagine or believe that a person is guilty of something bad or illegal; n. a person believed to be guilty :7{GOx
• suspend - v. to cause to stop for a period of time 'a(y]QG
• swallow - v. to take into the stomach through the mouth fR1LVLU
• swear in - v. to put an official into office by having him or her promise to carry out the duties of that office ("The chief justice will swear in the president.") .7.G}z1
• sweet - ad. tasting pleasant, like sugar J;sQvPHV8
• swim - v. to move through water by making motions with the arms and legs NSVE3
• sympathy - n. a sharing of feelings or emotions with another person, usually feelings of sadness 4 95Y<x}=
• system - n. a method of organizing or doing something by following rules or a plan; a group of connected things or parts working together for a common purpose or goal