过去完成时
A7enC,Ey a. She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
ZNUSH xA b. 状语从句
P9f,zM- 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
?#0m [k&` When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
\ $Q ? c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
HceZT e@ We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
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w T`W37fz0 3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
Oh W o He said that he had learned some English before.
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By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
2qDyb]9 Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
<(tnClAn LB\+*P6QM 典型例题
DP6>f zsl the students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
p/ au.mc A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
,8&ND864v 答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此
$*qQ/h i 前一句应用过去进行时。
_%@ri]u{ov ]&_z@Z.i 注意： had no … when 还没等…… 就……
A|<i7QVY had no sooner… than 刚…… 就……
C+vk9:" He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.
Y*-dUJK-` 用于现在完成时的句型
H$ !sK 'q7&MM'oS^ hOR1R B 1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
n _eN|m?@ It is the first time that I have visited the city.
Ocf :73t It was the third time that the boy had been late.
pp R; v H]PEE!C;xC 2）This is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.
,jJbQIu# This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
0I7 r{T 这是我看过的最好的电影。
_5H0<%\ This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。
xF8 8'p' h"4i/L3aAh 典型例题
G~{# %i (1) ---Do you know our town at all?
^-g-]?q ---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
{33B%5n" A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
G%XjDxo$I 答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。
f <LRM O>/& -Wk= (2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
uU!}/mbo ---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
NflRNu:- A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
{8w,{p` 答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。
YjzGF=g# 注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
P|rreS v* （错）I have received his letter for a month.
\PM5B"MDZ （对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
nrJW.F]S8[ 25/M2u? 独立主格结构的特点：
2W6t0MgZ 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
B<!WAw+ 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。
:nn(Ndlz9 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
Fg^Z g\X3 举例：
"q3W& @ the test finished, we began our holiday.
Km!~zG7< = When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
6&[rA TU+ 考试结束了，我们开始放假。
l]F)]>AE O[\obi"} the president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
|s, A dd:S = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
c-=z<:Kf 总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。
V@`A:Nc_> V[avV*;3i {]3Rk Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
^8{:RiN6e~ 如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。
7|^5E*8/ This done, we went home.
1 2J#}| 工作完成后，我们才回家。
<XH,kI(% 9t_N 9@ 3#~w#Q0% the meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.
N2\{h(*u 会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。
M }qrF~ :WAFBK/x d>}R3T He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
8mv}-; 他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。
b";D*\=x Jpr`E&%I6 He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
o 12w p 他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆
新开千年私服了!
奇迹私服 
