基本句型 pIKP
XqA
第一句主题句写完后,第二句往往可以对第一句的概括性内容进行进一步的说明或陈述。陈述的意念很多,句型也很多,现在让我们从最基本的开始。 .y:U&Rw4
I.There is / are [There was; There were; There will be; There has been; There have been]+sth. (单数 / 复数) in [at; on] + sth. (表示地方、范围、方面存在或出现某事物,这是一个用途广泛的句型,也是考生容易犯错误的句型) 0h7r&t%YsV
例句: r1RM
我国每年有100万肿瘤病人未能放疗。 W-lN>]5}m
In our country there are one million patients with tumor who fail to get radiotherapy every year. }t
xX;"/
One million patients with cancer fail to get radiotherapy every year in our country. (此句表达很好。) hpL;bM'
*There are one million patients with tumor not get radiotherapy every year in our country. ( 此句表达错误) R@k
&SlL'`
One million patients with cancer do not get treatment every year in our country. Rr|VD@%
2. 药品器具市场有不少问题。 B~Xw[q
There are many problems in the markets of medications and medical devices. SS.dY""89
Many problems exist in the markets of medications and medical devices. /FEVmH?
*The markets of medications and medical devices have many problems. (not good) !f&g-V
The markets of medications and medical devices face many problems. "C0Q(dr/n
3. 在健康教育方面,中国与发达国家还有一定的距离。 y:qUn!3
There is a certain gap between China and developed counties in health education. j]/RC(;?
There exists a certain gap between China and developed countries in health education. oIj#>1~c%
*In health education, China and developed countries have some distance. (此句错误) QWHug:c
Health education in China is not as good as that in developed countries. nt7.?$
4. 我国约有民办医院400多家。 t" Z6[XG
There are nearly 400 private hospitals in our country. zu|\fP
5. 没有治愈过敏症的办法。 ?"g2v-jTK
There are no cures for allergies. 6 3,H{
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II. 主语(多半为有生命的)+have / has [had; will have; has had; have had]+sth.(表示拥有、具有,用途极广,但不少考生也容易犯错误) "d5n \@[t
例句: >_ 2dvg=U
1. 人的耳朵有两个功能:听声音和保持平衡。 ThbGQ"/
The human ear has two main functions: hearing and maintaining balance. pOG1jI5<{8
2. 艾滋病有三个特点。 Ffta](Z;
AIDS has three basic characteristics [features]. 9ahWIO%
3. 我国70%~80%的大学生有心理问题。 a\YV3NJ/A
70%~80%of colleges students in our country have mental problems. m:o<X K[>
4.大多数的吸烟者都有肺部疾病。 N7
$I^?<
Most smokers have lung problems. V~;1IQd{
5.临床护理专家在日常工作中有四种不同的角色:护理者、顾问、教育者和研究者。 bTs?!~q
Clinical nurse specialists have four different roles in their daily practice: nurse practitioner, counselor, tutor [educator] and researcher. %
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III. contain sth. / include sth. (表示含有、包括) R>mmoG}MQ[
1. 其他反应还有胃痛、恶心、腹泻和气短。 xw2[d+mB
Other reactions include stomach pains, sickness, diarrhea and shortness of breath. 6h,(wo3Y
2. 他们的血液和体液里都含有大量艾滋病病毒,具有很强的传染性。 e@*
EzvO
Their blood and body liquids contain lots of AIDS viruses which are highly infectious. /9pwZ%:<
There are lots of highly infectious AIDS viruses in their blood and body liquids. +8d1|
cB"
3. 所以,应选择富有碳水化合物的食物。
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Therefore, you should choose foods which contain a lot of carbohydrate. 1rF]yi:X
Therefore, one should choose foods (which are) rich in carbohydrate. q}#6e]t
4. 狗会传播多种疾病,有一些是致人死命的疾病。 ~=RT*>G_
Dogs can spread many diseases, including some that are deadly to people. OCaq3_#tZ
Dogs can spread many diseases some of which can make people die. f-G:uI_
5. 一种食物中很难含有全部的维生素。 F Yzi~
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One kind of food can hardly contain all the vitamins. dD|OSB7I7
It is unlikely to have a kind of food that contains all sorts of vitamins. QD*35Y!d
6. 差异可能有个体、宗教、年龄、种族、生活方式、社会经济状况、家庭结构等。 !1 8clL
The differences may include individuality, spiritual beliefs, gender, age, race, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, and family structure. ~T,c"t2
7. 临床护理专家(clinical nurse specialist) 的作用有临床实践、咨询服务、教学以及相关护理研究成果的应用。 ``\i58K{e
The role of clinical nurse specialists should include clinical practice, consultation, teaching and the application of relevant nursing research. dS!:JO27
实践上,汉语的“有”字,在许多情况下,是不须用have或there is之类的英语词汇表达出来的,例如: MUREiL9L|
1. 有的细菌是有害于人体健康的微生物,有的则有益。 5aZ2j26
Some bacteria are harmful micro-organisms to our human body, but some are helpful. "ZsOd>[/
*There are some bacteria are harmful micro-organisms to our human body, there are some are helpful. (此句表达错误) *><F'
Some bacteria are bad for health, but some are good. b
Y\K
2. 过去几年,农村医疗卫生的形势有了很大的变化。 mA+&Io
The situation of rural medical care greatly changed in the past years. Cdu4U}^H
There were great changes in the situation of rural medical care in the past years. q?DTMKx
*The situation of rural medical care had great changes recently. [not good] 'o+L41
The situation of rural medical care witnessed great changes in the past years. }v!$dr,j'
Rural medical care greatly changed in the past years. W~~7C,!
3. 导致这种情况的原因,我认为有两点。 9c#+qH
I think that two reasons resulted in this situation. p~^D\jR.
I think there are two reasons leading to this situation. XJ` ]ga
4. 好医院应该有什么病人治什么病人。
(SDr!!V<
A good hospital should treat whatever patients come to it. 7-
]
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A good hospital should treat all kinds of patients. ;/fF,L{c
A good hospital should not refuse any patient. y7
3VFb
5. 在整个青年期,人的行为都具有很大的盲目性和冲动性。 ")dH,:#S
In the whole period of youth, a person’s actions are full of blindness and impulse. -tHU6s,
In the whole period of youth, a person’s actions are characterized by blindness and impulse. MgOR2,cR
In the whole period of youth, a person’s actions are often out of blindness and sudden excitement. hp*/#D
When people are young, they often act blindly and impulsively. o-{[|/)Tk
6. 人类与艾滋病作斗争已经有二十多年了。 o(
RG-$
Man has been fighting against [dealing with] AIDS for more than twenty years. =;3Sx::=
7. 要让患者在生命的末期没有身体上的痛苦。 PMh^(j[
Make sure that patients do not suffer much physical pain at the end of life. EQ`(yj
We should make patients free of [from] much bodily pain at the end of their life. 36%nB*
We can free patients of [from] much bodily pain at the end their life. !?p%xj?
!2A:"2Kys:
然而,又有许多情况下,汉语没有“有”字,但英语可以用最基本最简单的have或there is来表达,这一点很值得我们考生注意。 RIXMJ7e7
例如: lB4GU y$
1. 影响健康的因素很多。 0]=i}wL 8
There are many factors which can affect health. =aA+~/~8%
*Many factors can affect health. X*39c
b(b
2. 基因将会在不同物种之间转移,转基因作物的培育过程中也会发生错误。 zj`v?#ET
There will be movement of genes between species. There will be some mistakes in the development of genetically-modified crops, too. [*H N"
3. 目前使用的化学物资多达20,000种。 X M#T'S9y8
Currently there are some 20,000 chemicals in use. B}:(za&
*Currently some 20,000 chemicals are in use. Fpa;^F
4. 20%的大学生心理存在严重障碍。 P%=#^T&`}
20% of college students have serious mental problems. ?~;:jz|9<'
5. 近来许多社区开展了各种各样的健康教育活动。 < hO
/jB
Recently there have been a variety of health education activities in many communities. K]|> Et`
6. 过去的一年中,试管婴儿的出生数量大幅飙升。 rN<