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主题 : 2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇
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2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇

 医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到,平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义,freekaobo将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类,希望考生们平日多累积记忆。 sva-Sd8  
  一、肺 Lung ~C3J-z<  
  清晰 clear Yakrsi/jV}  
  肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows y|i(~  
  肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings u~ VXe  
  钙化灶 calcified  Hyenn  
  空洞 cavitation eD3\>Y.z  
  球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion) YMy**  
  小块阴影区 a minimal area of density iQ1[60?)T  
  散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows VC_F Cz  
  边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density 8kr$w$=q  
  圆形致密影 a round density b6H7>x  
  胸膜增厚 pleural thickening XR p60i6f  
  肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle 2^75|Q  
  横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement Tr4\ `a-i  
  包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion n5efHJU  
  液气胸 hydropneumothorax ^|vP").aQm  
  纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement 44t;#6p@%>  
  肺门模糊 hilar haze lp5'-Jo  
  肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density O'xp"e,  
  肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction) U#sv.r/L}3  
  阴影性状 shadow 7l09  
  淡的 haziness d_f*'M2Gv  
  云雾状 clouding AAuwE&Gg  
  线装 streaky =Lb(N61  
  絮状 patcky BT ^=p  
  结节状 nodular UF\k0oLz  
  块状 massive V?>&9D"m  
  粟粒状 miliary <VQ@I  
  融合状 confluent NXz/1ut%  
  均匀的 homogeneous gxe u2 HG  
  二、心脏 Heart :uqEGnEut  
  左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement Jy[rA<x$  
  主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta $]W*;MTI}  
  主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart jROh3kq  
  肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment ^vzXT>t-M  
  肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery jaVx9FR +  
  心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow :xO43z  
  左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement :RYYjmG5;  
  左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation &N3a`Ua  
  靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart Wcl =YB %  
  主动脉钙化 calcification of aorta uKJo5%>  
  心腰部 waist of heart $bBUL C  
  垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart M:d|M|'  
  三、腹部平片 KUB film P8 w56  
  结石 calculus YluvWHWi  
  钙化影 calcified shadow Y[m*  
  阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern N[DKA1Ei  
  液气平面 gas-fluid level @kba^z  
  膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air 46 |LIc }  
  四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination h ^w# I  
  胃肠造影 gastroenterography BHNJH  
  双重对比造影 double contrast radiography MRK3Cey}%  
  食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign *Ct ^jU7  
  十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression) a +9_sUq  
  小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine wLg @BSC.  
  结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon q'Y)Y(d  
  胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time Cs,t:ajP  
  胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach Q%V530 P;  
  充盈缺损 filling defect wNh\pWA  
  黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds 'X_%m~}N  
  张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity) x51xY$M  
  球部激惹现象 irritable cap 4]%MrSjS  
  蠕动增强 vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis) Rp}Sm,w(  
  蠕动减弱 bradydiastalsis Xupwh5 G2  
  蠕动消失 aperistalsis Dk g-y9  
  排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation Z22#lF\N  
  跳跃现象 skipping phenomenon iTCY $)J  
  黏膜增宽和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold ^c){N-G  
  黏膜皱襞平坦 flat mucosal fold 1t#|MH ?U_  
  五、胆道 bile tract =Zaw>p*H  
  口服胆囊造影 oral cholecystography ;PMy9H  
  静脉胆管胆囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography &>}f\ch/  
  经T形管胆囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography ovvg"/>L  
  经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) ] ; B`'Ia  
  胆总管扩张dilated common duct #ePtfRzJ  
  胆囊浓缩功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily AUr~b3< 6  
  胆囊显影不好,浓缩功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately difAQ<`  
  收缩功能 contractibility QnIF{TS=  
  六、骨骼skeleton GVM)-Dp]  
  骨皮质增厚 cortical thickening of bone }eLth0d`'o  
  洋葱皮样改变 “onion skin” appearance H4ancmy  
  骨膜反应 periosteal reaction e:n3@T,R  
  骨质疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction) @$o^(my  
  骨化 ossification y,$zSPJCi  
  畸形 deformity z'k@$@:0XD  
  缩短 shortening :b(Nrj&TQ[  
  移位 displacement z?C& ,mv  
  脱位 luxation l}9E0^AS  
  半脱位 subluxation "> Y(0^^  
  连接不正 malunion p9*Ak U&]  
  青枝骨折 greenstick fracture EN@<z;  
  多发性骨折 multiple fracture .^[{~#Pc*  
  病理性骨折 pathological fracture `4t*H>:y  
  关节间隙 joint space $1bzsB|^  
  椎间隙 intervertebral space }r ;#|=HR  
  肋软骨钙化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage ~JDVoS;>jU  
  骨质软化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis) ,V ) |A=ml  
  骨质增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis kaNK@a=e|/  
  死骨 sequestrum C+aL8_(R  
  骨质坏死 bone necrosis =_vW7-H  
  关节肿胀(破坏;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint 3;wOA4ur  
  关节强直 ankyloses @[hD;xO  
  骨骺分离 epiphyseal separation ge$p/  
  对线良好 good alignment ~_ |ZUb  
  对位良好 good apposition .=/TT|eMS  
  七、泌尿系统 urological system !2]'S=Y  
  静脉肾盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP)  sf'+;  
  逆行肾盂造影 retrograde pyelography oNIt<T  
  萎缩 atrophy kZ<"hsh,Y'  
  移位 deformity g I@I.=y  
  扭曲 distortion 1YvE/<6  
  充盈缺损 filling defect ZRj&k9D^U  
  狭窄 stricture ,g{Ob{qT  
  不透光的(透光的)结石 opaque(translucent) stone j@Y'>3  
  八、X线检查位置 ^;.&=3N,+  
  前后位 anteroposterior projection 50NLguE  
  后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection ]O+W+h{]  
  侧位 lateral projection ) 0|X];sD  
  立位 upright position H{VJ S Jc{  
  斜位 oblique projection ,p9 >/)l  
  右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection C=<PYkt,L  
  前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection H.*aVb$  
  前凸位 lordotic position projection 9]PMti  
  轴位 axial position Y3?)*kz%  
  头位 cranial projection &W$s-qf".  
  尾位 caudal projection @$!rgLyL[  
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