拐杖行走(Crutch Walking) ]#dZLm_
Crutches are often needed to increase a client's mobility. The use of Jo9c|\4
crutches may be temporary (such as after ligament damage to the knee) or x)T07,3:
permanent (as with paralysis of the lower extremities). It is important that m^4O jik
crutches be measured for the appropriate length that clients be taught how kv`5"pa7M
to use them correctly. t_Ul;HVPS
为增加病人活动能力,常常需要用到拐杖。使用拐杖可能是临时的(如膝韧带损伤时),也可以是永久性的(如出现下肢瘫痪情况)。重要的是,拐杖应长短要测量适度,并教会病人如何正确使用拐杖。 (ewcj\l4*
Potential Nursing Diagnoses: "~T06
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Client data derived during the assessment reveal defining characteristics !&o>zU.
to support the following nursing diagnoses in clients requiting this j4
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skill: >|JMvbje
1.Impaired physical mobility AmcBu"
2. High risk for injury #DcK{|ty
潜在的护理诊断: yJw4!A 1!
同坐位:1.躯体活动障碍 qGie~S ##
2.有受伤的危险 s4>xh=PoJ
Equipment: e{0O"Jd`
Tape measure、Goniometer、Rubber crutch tips、Wooden crutches XU$\.g p-
用具: p fg>H
卷尺、测角仪、拐杖橡胶端头,木手杖。 .T}S[`Yx5
步骤及说明(steps) qFjnuQ,w
1. Wash hands. \fL:Ie
Reduces transmission of microorganisms. 5va ;Ol4
1.洗手 el,n5OZ7
减少微生物传播 )>a^%V9
2. Measure for crutch length: 3 to 4 finger widths from axilla to a point ; J8 25CE
15 cm (6 inches) lateral to client's heel is standard 5VW*h
Ensures that crutches are individualized to client's height. CB?,[#r5f
2.测定拐杖高度:标准为:腋下3-4指宽处至病人脚跟向外15cm(6时)处的长度。 b=Y3O
确保拐杖适合每个病人身高度。 Y--Uo|H
3. Position crutch handgrips with elbows flexed at 20- to 25-degree angle. )"<:Md$7
Ankle of elbow flexion should be verified by goniometer y?{YQ)fj
Prevents client's body weight from being supported by axillae, which S31+ j:"
would result in nerve damage. y&+Sp/6BYA
3.屈肘20-25度,放好拐杖把手;屈肘角度应用测角仪确定 Tz
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避免病人体重的腋窝支撑,否则会导致神经损害。 Toc="F`SW
4. Verify that distance between crutch pad axilla is 3 to 4 finger 6o]X.plr
widths FcZ)_m6m
Prevents axillary skin breakdown secondary to pressure from crutch A+F@JpV
pad. I;Bci m;
4.核实拐杖垫与腋窝间有3-4指宽的距离 *|k/l I
避免因拐杖垫压迫而引起腋窝皮肤裂开。 &(HI
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5. Instruct client to assume tripod stance. Tripod stance is formed when kc70HrG
crutches are placed 15 cm (6 inches) in front 15 cm to side of each foot %q
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Improves balance by providing wider base of support. No weight should be h^"OC$
borne by axillae. :0B'
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5.指导病人采三角站立姿势。三角站立姿势;拐杖置于体前方15cm、离脚跟15cm的交接处 G=%SMl>[
增加支撑面宽度,改善平衡。不得将体重压在腋窝。 >vY5%%}
6. Teach client one of four crutch-walking gaits. (Darkened areas on Figs. .[4Dvt|>6
28 to 30 represent weight-bearing areas): 6)~J5Fb
Allows client to ambulate safely. Specific type of gait chosen depends on >0qe*4n|M
client's impairment physician's order. $N)b6(}F10
6.教会病人使用四种持拐杖步行法中的一种 Vy[ m%sEP
使病人行走安全。选用何种步法取决于病人的损伤情况及医生医嘱。 ,BG
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a.Four-point alternating, or four-point gait,gives stability to client but }H<8
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requires weight bearing on both legs. Each leg is moved alternately with each _-/<