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1.定义 <
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让步状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Concession),属于状语从句中的一种。一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”等,就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说…”的感觉。 gNG0k$nP
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二、分类 L{4),65
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让步状语从句的引导词主要有: <L[T'ZE+
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① though/although,表示“虽然,即使,纵然”。 二者都可与yet, still或never, the less连用,但不能与but连用。 b|\{ !N]
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² although语气较重,大多位于句首
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例如:Although I was only six, I can remember seeing it on TV. lq7 8gOg{
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虽然当时我只有6岁,我还能记得在电视上看见过它。 D;16}D
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² though引导的让步状语从句可以把表语,状语,动词等提至句首。 r_!{!i3
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例如:Boy though he is, he likes to play with girls. CWobvR)e
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他虽是个男孩,却喜欢和女孩玩。 ~:ub
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② even if/even though,表示的语气更强,意为“再退一步说” ZYl-p]\*y
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² even if强调对“假设”的让步,不能用来描述已经发生的事实;even though更强调对“既成事实”的让步。 +Zty}fe
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例如:We’ll make a trip even if the weather is bad. $z`cMQ r
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即使天气不好,我们也要去旅行。 (even if引导让步状语从句,对“假设”让步) CwH)6uA
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We made a trip even though the weather was bad. ShsP]$Yp
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尽管天气不好,我们还是作了一次旅行。(even though引导让步状语从句,强调对“既成事实”的让步) n_!]B_Vd$
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③ as表示“虽然……但是……”,“纵然……” E%J7jA4
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² as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现,具体变法是把从句中作状语或者表语的“名词/动词/形容词/副词/动词(分词)”提到句首,形成倒装结构。 7Hr4yh[j&
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例如:King as he is, he is unhappy. _
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尽管他是国王,但他并不快乐。(名词+as+主语+动词) N-?|]4e/
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Successful as she is, she is not proud. S;AnpiBM8
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尽管她很成功,但她并不骄傲。(动词+as+主语+动词) @*`UOgP7
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Much as I would like to stay, I really must go home. ^>R| R1&
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尽管我想留下来,但我确实必须回家。(副词+as+主语+动词) HEfA c
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④ whether...or.../ whether...or not表示“不论是否……”“不管是……还是……” Bw/H'Y
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例如:You've got to go to school, whether you like it or not. Q{|'g5(O
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不管你喜欢不喜欢,你得上学。 9qO:K79|
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You will have to attend the ceremony whether you are free or busy. JP% ;rAoJ
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不管你有空还是忙,你都得参加这个典礼。 %|6Q7'@p
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⑤ while表示“尽管”,语气比although/though弱,通常位于句首 K~~*M?.Z
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² while引导让步状语时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词be可以省略 v@1Jhns
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例如:While he was feel uncomfortable, he still persevered. #:5g`Ch4,
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=While feel uncomfortable, he still persevered. cx%9UK*c
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虽然他感到不舒服,但他还是坚持下来了。 (zODV4,5k`
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⑥ wh-ever类词/no matter+wh-词,表示“无论怎样” otVdx&%]
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² wh-ever类词引导让步状语从句时可以换成no matter+wh-词,但是引导名词性从句时只能用wh-ever类词 /3%xQK>%
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例如:Whatever you did,I will accept. JJ06f~Iw[
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= No matter what you did,I will accept. #$T"QL@
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不管你做了什么,我都接受。 ?2>v5p
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2.考博真题 xM,(|p(
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[No matter what you buy, shoes, pants, or big-ticket items such as JV and VCR], [if you find some problems with them or simply do not like them any longer], you can return them within 30days.(安徽大学2015年阅读) f_Bf}2Eedj
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这是一个主从复合句。 S*:w\nXP~
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: )uWNN"
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主句:you can return them within 30days >Sah\u`
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【译文】您可以在30天内退货 DJUtuex
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分句一:No matter what you buy, shoes, pants, or big-ticket items such as JV and VCR i(rY'o2 BN
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类型:让步状语从句;引导词:No matter what iq-o$6Pg
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【译文】无论你买什么,鞋子,裤子,或者像JV和VCR这样的大件物品 K(S/D(\
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分句二:if you find some problems with them or simply do not like them any longer O!tD1^O!1}
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类型:条件状语从句;引导词:if Nig-D>OS
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【译文】如果你发现它们有些问题,或者根本不喜欢它们了 63=m11Z4
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其他修饰成分:shoes, pants, or big-ticket items such as JV and VCR作插入语。 flqTx)xE
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【全句译文】:无论你买什么,鞋子,裤子,或者像JV和VCR这样的大件物品,如果你发现它们有问题或者只是不再喜欢它们,你可以在30天内退货。 .2xkf@OP
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[While more recent theories on the matter suggest (that there is more overlap among these stages) and (that different environments affect children’s progress)], Piaget’s theory was nonetheless extremely important to initial studies of cognitive development.(云南大学2012年翻译) eORt
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这是一个主从复合句。 i weP3u##
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: '&d4x c
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主句:Piaget’s theory was nonetheless extremely important to initial studies of cognitive development. =R05H2hs
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【译文】尽管如此,皮亚杰的理论对认知发展的初步研究还是极其重要的。 < -Nj
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分句一:While more recent theories on the matter suggest… Z(L>~+%
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