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主题 : 该错题常考要点
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楼主  发表于: 2008-09-01   

该错题常考要点

该错题常考要点 E167=BD9<  
一、代词 ~i~%~doa  
代词中主要讲解六个问题 ?1I GYyu!  
(一) 掌握代词的几种格 [A2`]C E<@  
  主格、宾格、所有格 +T{'V^  
  名词前面用代词来修饰,只能用所有格(my books) )?aaBaN$  
n,'OiVl[  
(二) 反身代词 Shr,#wwM`B  
当主语和宾语表示同一事物时,宾语使用反身代词。 'LE"#2Hu  
  He killed himself. (他自杀了) ,&^3Z  
  He killed him. (他杀了他) 5F"|E-;  
#*%q'gyHT  
例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating  ~x:DXEV,  
    A                 B    v-b0\_  
  a series of indicators that could help $md%x mQ[  
             C      w'Tq3-%V  
  themselves to predict earthquakes. g" VMeW^  
    D b7`D|7D  
分析:D错,应改为them。如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。从句意来看,help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词。注意C并没有错,情态动词could 比can语气弱,表示较小的可能性。 |*5 =_vF  
Indicator为征兆,这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震。主语是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一个事物 u+m,b76  
-Z-f1.Dm5  
(三) 代词的单复数,代词的性别 ~&dyRt W4  
在考试中如果代词打横线,代词错误的概率是非常高的,因此代词打横线,应该先看代词有没有错。 ZP\M9J a  
C4$:mJ>y  
例:The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies -fI`3#  
  that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the {Azn&|%.t  
     A   B      C          D BaI $S>/Q  
  Pacific. 4R^mI  
n.MRz WJpZ  
分析:D错,应改为those。D指代复数名词waters, it是单数,显然是错误的,根据习惯故改为those。注意waters一词并没有错,它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用复数形式。 I=)hWC/  
(& "su3z  
Water作为水是不可数名词,waters表示水域,通常使用复数形式,作主语谓语动词用复数。 c,MOv7{x_  
Work作为工作是不可数名词,work作为作品,可数不可数都可以,例如: Qd_6)M-  
  Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品 S^@S%Eg  
C@ZK~Y_g  
例:In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined {6;9b-a]  
                       A   Qf M zF  
  the word“normalcy”to express social and e~%  ;K4  
             B M-L2w"  
   economic conditions they promised the nation. mYN7kYR}<`  
   C       D 9_ s6l  
分析:D错,应改为he。动作promised是由Warren Harding发出来的,故用第三人称单数he来指代。 E:sz$\Ht)  
"I?Am&>'  
例:Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important \6n!3FLl  
        A     $n^ MD_1!  
  work is not poetry, but his biography, John o+`6LKg;  
   B        C      <U5wB]]  
  Keats, published the year of her death.  ]wT 7*( Y  
      D WG*t ::NN  
分析:C错,应改为her。his指男性,显然是错误的,应改为her与后面的her同指Amy Lowell.  B[=(#W  
gTgMqvt  
h5%<+D<  
(四) Who和which的区别 O ,rwP  
which指代事物或者动物,who指代人 /kL $4CA  
who/whom son往往要改为whose son, whose可以指代事物 Tus}\0/i>  
 `p;eIt  
例:The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who 0&qr  
              A            B yKYUsp  
  account for approximately forty percent of the body weight. gmIqT f  
   C                  D 2LrJ>Mi  
分析:B错,应改为which或that。先行词不是指人,而是指物,关系代词不能用who,故改为which或that。 Fc~'TBf,,`  
人体前面加定冠词the, account for 占有多大的比例,解释说明 [A}rbD K  
4h5g'!9-g  
(五) that和which的区别 {o5V7*P;_  
介词后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外 .s#;s'>g  
6x"Q  
例:When television was first introduced, the extent to that it 2*(Z==XC7  
              A        B W_m"ySQs  
  would affect society could not have been foreseen. x~.:64  
      C              D &] \X]p  
分析:B错,应改为which。The extent to which, 介词加which(引导定语从句),影响社会的程度没有被预见 .sQ=;w/ZA  
d,8mY/S>w  
(六) 定语从句的特殊省略 |F9z,cc"  
Reason后面有定语从句,中间往往省略why, \Mg`(,kwe  
Time后面有定语从句,中间往往省略when Bo<>e~6P  
   I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world. !61Pl/uQ  
way后面有定语从句,中间省略了in which PW3GL3+  
JG9`h#  
例:Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly V d=yr'?  
              A         B   `%09xMPu  
  reason people take medicine is to relieve pain. o)OUWGjb/K  
         C      D k`GA\&zt  
分析:B错,应改为main。mainly为副词,不能个饰后面的名词,故改为形容词main。句子中people take medicine修饰reason,定语从句引导词被省略 ,39aF*r1Q  
]7;\E\o  
例:Commercial expansion from city to suburb has  BTM), w2  
  affected the way people in the United States----. WM)-J^)BJ  
   (A) living and working 54rkC/B>  
   (B) they live and work _|"Y ]: j_  
   (C) live and work C&++VRnm  
   (D) to live and to work 5OoN!TEM  
分析:选择C, the way people....影响了人们生活和工作的方式。 :VF<9@t  
lV .F,3  
二、介词 H3Se={5h\A  
介词是考试中出现的比较多的一个部分,而其中考的最多的就是介词的固定搭配问题。由于篇幅问题,我们在这里仅仅举出几个例题,在说明书手册中我们完整的列出了所有的介词搭配,这些列出的搭配在以前的语法题中出现过,只不过有的时候是正确的选项,有的时候重复考。 %lg=YGLQB  
WD'#5]#Y  
(一) 介词搭配 8ssJ<LP  
"zIFxDR#  
例:The teeth in the upper jaw function together those 4(-b x.V  
    A         B   C      J[^}u_z  
  in the lower jaw to cut, tear, and grind food.  :ujCr.  
                D s}pIk.4ot!  
分析:和…一起,应该为together with,C错 )"+(butI&  
2< hAa9y  
例:The Allegheny Mountain range is rich of coal. D~o$GW%  
A       B     C  D /O ]t R  
分析:B错改为be rich in /x{s5P 3  
P,sjo u^  
例:The rotation of the Earth on its axis is responsible to the 9}z0J  
    A         B      C XT;u<aJs  
  alternation of periods of light and darkness. 'W a,OFd\8  
             D 1".v6caW  
分析:C错,应改为responsible for。形容词responsible后接名词作宾语时要加介词for。 mqq;H}  
97)/"i e  
Kt0(gQOr0  
(二) 最重要的两个介词 9;xM%   
1、介词of 多余或者遗漏 MQKfJru7  
例:Mosquitoes usually lay eggs, singly or in batches, on top stagnant water. gl).cIpw  
          A      B  C     D "[:iXRu  
分析:D错,应改为top of stagnant。on top of …是因定表达法,意为“在…上面”。 S.!UPkWH  
Hi]cxD*`  
例:Christopher Plummer is a Canadian actor who has 67y Tvr@a  
                 A  B     CkswJ:z)sc  
  starred in stage, television, and film productions on F7")]q3I~  
      C pStk/te,XK  
  both sides the Atlantic Ocean. (LHp%LaZ\;  
      D GA`PY-Vs)  
分析:D错,应改为sides of the。 sides为名词,the Atlantic Ocean也是名词,中间明显少了一个介词。 ZtHm\VTS  
1wW)tNKIF  
2、介词by   &QNWL]  
一种情况表示被动,be+过去分词+by  s}onsC  
另一种表示通过……的方式, by doing z6py"J@  
例:The ceremony of marriage in the United States <W]g2>9o9  
    A         B       KsrjdJx, '  
   can be performed from a justice of the peace. %& _V0R\k  
   C     D nADX 0KI  
分析:D错,应改为performed by。谓语动词是被动式,performed的动作执行者应该由介词by来引导。 ,7XtH>2s  
?|e'Gbb_  
例:Along the east coast ,American Indian women's councils @E.k/G!~Nb  
   A                      ! Q<>3 xZ  
   could veto a declaration of war at refusing to f&D]anf33  
     B    C       D q.2(OP>(  
   supply moccasins and field rations. mJB2)^33a  
分析:D错,应改为by refusing。通过拒绝提供鞋子和粮食,表示通过某种方式做某事要用介词by,故将at refusing 改为by refusing。 ^`f*'Z  
!A1)|/ a@  
例:Algebra is the branch of mathematics concerned with 6 n1rL  
        A                ?OdJ qw0,G  
  operations on sets of numbers or other elements e4FM} z[  
        B          C   )6~1 ^tD  
  that are often represented at symbols. rw)kAe31  
              D /J)l/oI  
分析:D错,应改为by。动作的发出者应该用介词by来引导。 ``ekR6[8c  
三、谓语动词 80M;4nH^5  
(一) 谓语动词的主谓一致 2wqk,c[]  
①、主谓分割原则 ,7,g%?_P  
例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle, e4OeoQ@ >  
     A     >\ST-7[^L  
   America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom. ~"Gf<3^y+  
        B      C      D 1xf=_F0`&  
分析:C错,应改为symbolizes。主语谓语用逗号分割开,主语the bald eagle为单数,谓语动词也应该用单数形式。 A~nf#(!^]  
NvjJ b-u  
②、与后者一致原则 h;lirvO|  
not…but, 强调but后面的名词, avp; *G }  
not only…but also 4;`Bj:.  
Pag63njg?  
nxQ?bk}*d  
③、与前者一致原则 z<gu00U7  
名词+with/together with/as well as/including+复数名词,谓语用is, ^5=UK7e5KY  
中心词在前面,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致 EPW7+Ve  
例:The athlete, together with his coach and HEqWoV]{d  
     A      B  C     &$`hQgi  
  several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games. k&hc m  
         D +)nT|w45  
分析:D错,与谓语动词与the athlete 保持一致,改为is .'[/|4H  
v}J;ZIb  
④、就近原则 ^C&+ ~+  
or, either…or, neither…nor, 4"\ yf  
单数名词+or+复数名词+are q&'Lb xc>c  
如果把句子变为一般疑问句,也就是把be动词提到前面,那么变为is k6IG+:s  
所以注意一点: 如果是陈述句,靠后面近,用复数 C-P06Q]  
        如果是疑问句,靠前面近,用单数 PBks` |+  
O}Ui`eWU  
例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans are ]6tkEyuq  
        A      B        4aZCFdc  
  amazingly complex for single-celled animals. xSpC'"   
    C              D Z#`0txCF  
分析:A错,应改为and。从谓语动词是复数形式判断,主语应该为复数,or连接两个名词时动词和后面的名词保持一致,behavior是用单数形式,因此只有改为并列连词and才能使主谓在数上保持一致。 -7'#2P<)  
#:3r4J%+~  
⑤定语从句主语就近原则 <2  
There are five apples that are red. MBk"KF  
apples是复数,因此从句谓语动词是复数。 }F`beoMAkM  
[UPNd!sy  
例:A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets P`s(kIe  
      A            DOD6Liau{Q  
  carry a supply that last just a few seconds. X< Za9  
   B   C    D UPCQs",  
分析:D错,应改为lasts。从句的逻辑主语a supply为单数,其谓语动词应为单数形式。 ){Z  
1JTbCS  
⑥the +形容词主谓一致 zjbE 7^ N  
The rich are not always happier than the poor. AvRcS]@=  
The rich 表示一类人,应该用复数 [J\DB)V/  
=xEk7'W6k  
⑦、倒装句的主谓一致 L@|#Bbmx  
改错题倒装句的主谓一致一般考两种情况: C@dGWAG  
a. there be 句型 #0MK(Ut/  
there be+名词+名词,那么最近的名词决定其形式 *M!kA65'  
b. between/ among 放在句首+be+名词,名词其实是主语,所以be和名词保持一致 ./maY1>T  
{Qtq7q.  
例:There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate. +B B0wY  
   A     B      C    D    ]UUI~sFE  
分析:there be 句型由最近的名词决定其形式,society当然用单数,A错,there are 改为there is $^vP<  
9={N4}<  
>a]t<  
例:Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific eOrYa3hQ  
             A     B    \.>.c g  
  Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30 G*\sdBW!k  
     C         iPU% /_>  
  miles in width. @%B4;c  
     D  6+%-GgPf  
分析:倒装句,are改为is xURw,  
Xu]h$%W  
例:Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and 7zI5PGWw  
   A    B       C         * -z4<LAa  
  Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the film q z:]-A  
                    D a;&}zcc*  
  presented on the five-story-tall screen. 1l]C5P}E  
分析:D错,应改为films , 主语实际上是名词,应该与谓语动词保持一致。 Ygx,t|?7  
" Z;uu)NE  
⑧、百分比结构的主谓一致 N*1  
fifty percent of + 名词 {&`VGXG  
one percent of + 名词 6PJ'lA;*b  
谓语动词的形式和百分比多少没有关系,主要取决于后面的名词,比如: t&pGQ  
  one percent of my students + are \1{_lynD  
  fifty percent of my time is spent on working. 7sguGwg)_  
 8bbVbP  
这里要强调两个结构 _FFv#R*4  
half of =fifty percent qvN "1=nJ  
most of + 可数名词 + are Bt6xV<jD  
most of + 不可数名词+ is ]Da4.s*mW  
u7u~  
例:Nearly half of the ancient meteor craters has been LT& /0  
   A       B         C   Re\o v x9  
  found in central and eastern Canada. W+/2c4$F3  
           D r"[L0Cbb  
分析:C错,应改为have been。介词of的宾语为复数名词短语,作主语的中心词half当然表复数,相应的谓语动词应为复数形式。 YR8QO-7 .)  
|DGCdB|`G  
例:Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized 7H?! RYrx  
                 A   B  ,L~snR'w  
  in the United States are for foods and beverages. g6`.qyVfz'  
              C     D |} 9GHjG  
分析:A错,应改为packages。从谓语动词用复数形式判断出主语是复数名词。注意food用复数表示不同种类的食品,beverage用复数表示不同种类的饮料,故(C)、(D)均没有错。 kw;wlFU;  
g!\QIv1D  
(二) 谓语动词的时态 _&=9Ke  
①、主要考察时间状语 65t[vi*C  
MKe *f%  
例 The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century. P1e5uJkd  
   A        B  C     D o=@ UXi  
Yr:>icz|  
分析:Metal, aluminum同位语,in the nineteenth century为明显表示过去时间的状语, 因此应该用过去时态,把has been改为was " _mmR M  
r*>QT:sB  
EtPgzw[#c9  
②、For和since的区别 VJGwd`qo*A  
区别一:For 后面使用时间段,since 后面使用时间点 k:W=5{[  
区别二:Since 只能用在现在完成时态,For 最主要用在现在完成时和一般过去时 l; */M.B  
  I has been a teacher for three years. MR[N6E6Mg  
  I has been a teacher since 1996. x vHOY:  
  I was a teacher for three years. 这种表达可以,for three years表示一段时间,was 表示过去做了三年,现在不是老师了 mJ/^BT]  
C?bXrG\  
例: Since 1921 the budget of the United States became 5N Fq7&rJ6  
   A      B              n2H&t>N  
  the primary responsibility of the president. 5BZ+b_A>VV  
     C    D yFIl^Ck%  
分析:A错,应改 In. since一般要求主句用完成时态,而句中谓语动词为过去式,其时间状语应与之呼应,故改Since为In。 #V,LNX)  
E`U &Z  
例:Adella Prentiss Hrghes served as manager of rGGS]^  
             A  B  C   oXvdR(Sb^  
  the Cleveland Orchestra since fifteen years. 9$n+-GSK  
            D "Wxo[I  
分析:D错,应改为for。since引导时间状语时,主句谓语动词为一般完成时;主句谓语动词为一般过去时要用介词for;而且一段时间用for, 而不是since。 - wJ   
6hR^qdHg  
oD Q9.t  
52. In general, prawns lived in shallow coastal waters or in streams.  jt0H5-x  
   A       B        C     D xzuPie\  
自然现象和客观事实用一般现在时态,live !k4 }v' =  
i/l!Cr2  
(三) 谓语的语态 y^5T/M  
语态主要表示是主动语态还是被动语态。 Cmp{FN"o  
有四组动词是改错题中常考的: " 6 uTo0  
①、prove Cb4d|yiS8  
My advice proved to be wrong. 我的建议被证明是错的 b\<lNE!L  
尽管是被证明,但习惯上用主动; `NYF?%  
u<BHf@AI  
例:A majority of the reports received from people claiming <L[T'ZE+  
                      A   r@N39O*Wq  
  to have seen the legendary Loch Ness Monster have proven to be L{+&z7M  
    B                  C .aVHd<M  
  mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked. g6x/f<2x  
                  D F(?Fz8  
分析:D错,应改为tricks。并列连词 or在此连接名词,如果把D理解为并列句,不仅时态不对,语义也有问题,故将整个句子改为名词。have proven to be是正确的。 a>-}\GXTA  
&"@HWF  
+H2m<   
②、Locate,Situate # CP9^R S  
这两个词可以用作主动,表示把…放置在…地方;确定…的位置 ,n /SDEL  
  Bats locate obstacles.蝙蝠确定障碍物的位置 c+)36/; X  
这两个词也可以用作被动 dXf]G6  
  My school was located near the river. )3D+gu  
区分locate的主动和被动比较难,但是有一个技巧存在:locate如果用作主动,后面必须跟宾语 0xvMR&.H  
例:The center of gravity of the human body ---- behind the hip joint. gNMKGf\Y  
   (A)locates HM(bR"E  
   (B)locating [="g|/M)  
   (C)to locate AaCnTRG  
   (D)is located 02]8|B(E90  
分析:空格处显然缺谓语动词,故首先排除不能作谓语的B和C。动词locate后面没有宾语,所以用作被动,表示“位于”,所以D为正确选项。 y{&{=1#  
T6/$pJ l  
③、表示需要概念的动词  8o%<.]   
need, want, require等 ~:ub  
Kd AR)EU>  
My watch needed repairing nsr _\F\  
My watch needed to be repaired. EA%#/n  
EDP I*@>  
④、表示人的情感的动词 ur~Tql  
move, annoy, surprise, please等 >h/)r6  
z$8e6*  
He is so moving.  他令人感到感动。 1A)wbH)  
He is greatly moved. 他感到非常感动。 >ji}j~cH  
$z`cMQ r  
主动和被动技巧总结: Z7KB?1{G  
如果句子中有一个“过去分词+by”, 如果断定它是谓语的话,前面必然有be动词 ~PH1|h6  
#Kb)>gzT  
例:The Tennessee Valley Authority has chartered by the $fj"*   
                 A      RJ`/qXL  
  United States Congress in 1933 to construct dams, JJbM)B@-  
                 B $+)x)1  
  power structures, and flood-control works along =`7)X\i@z  
                    C ;|2;kvf"w  
  the Tennessee River and its tributary streams. .x-Z+Rs{g  
                D NZw[.s>n  
分析:A错,应改为has been chartered。由信号词by可知前面的谓语动词为被动语态形式。 *fuGVA  
644hQW&W  
四、非谓语动词 :'^dy%&UB  
D.oS8'   
(一) 分词 !~$YD*" S  
现在分词和过去分词的区别 Yf2+@E  
①、用于句首作状语,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动 =-1^K  
][>M<J  
例:Won its war for independence in 1783, the United States then q%=7<( w  
   A 7$dc? K  
  struggled to establish its own economic and financial system. N- ?|]4e/  
     B      C            D Pi]s<3PL  
分析:分词作状语,主要看是主动还是被动,美国赢得应该是主动,所以A错,改won为winning OD@@O9  
nD?M;XN  
②、用于名词后面作后置定语,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动 k~s>8N:&G  
例:In the nineteenth century the Mohave Indians lived in K&gc5L  
      A               B   L!}j3(I  
  the Northern Hemisphere grew their crops on river bottom lands. |@bNd7=2d  
               C         D O'sr[  
分析:B错,生活在什么地方的人,人生活是主动,因此改为living WUOPYYW<o  
F*jj cUk  
/Geks/  
一些动词后面必须用doing .Mft+,"  
对于加doing的词来说,考试中一般出现一个,下面这些词都是要加doing的,请考生牢记。 m=y,_Pz>U  
 mind, finish, enjoy, celebrate, u{lDof>  
 advocate, suggest 6Bq2?;5  
 delay, quit 8!fAv$g0  
 forgive(原谅),tolerate, @. ]K6qC  
 avoid, escape(逃避) sT"tS>  
 spend+名词+doing; ]B.,7  
 have trouble/difficult/a problem/ +doing yLa5tv/  
n YMf[kW  
例:Long before the dawn of recorded history, humans celebrated to harvest their <IkD=X  
   A     B    C              D YHv,Z|.w  
  crops. iO=uXN1g  
分析:D错,应改为harvesting。及物动词celebrate直接带名词、名词短语或动名词短语作宾语,故将to harvest改为harvesting。 2dJ)4  
n7!Lwq2  
例:Some experts have advocated to bring that country into the talks, X|lmH{kf  
               A        B 28qWC~/9  
  to revive the intermittent dialogue that began after the 1967 Middle East War. DdZ_2B2  
        C          D &#\7w85$  
分析:A错,advocate 后面直接跟doing, 改为advocate bringing L5|;VH  
K~~*M?.Z  
(二) 不定式 `0vy+T5  
A. 动词不定式的省略 ;%.k}R%O@  
①、help后面可以省略to bIl0 rx[`  
  help do {_N(S]Z  
  help sb. to do -OGy-"  
zSufU2  
例:A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid .8xacVyK2  
              A      B   -hV KPIb  
  the habits that might shorten the lives. [ #fqyg  
         C     D FNRE_83  
分析:D错,应改为their. 定冠词在句中不如代词所有格明确,如果lives后面有定语就可以用the。注意(A)并没有错,help后面可以接不带to的不定式。 >l*9DaZ  
e$|)wOwU  
②、使役动词后面要省略to, 这样的动词只有三个 B9Tztg  
  make, &y wY?ox  
  let, d33Nx)No  
  have sb. do sth ,colGth 54  
  注意get不是使役动词,get sb. to do sth. fszeJS}Dw  
例:A conductor used signals and gestures to let the musicians AS^$1i :  
        A               B ~4gKA  D  
  to know when to play various parts of a composition. e[o ;l  
   C     D p%_ :(  
分析:let是使役动词,后面不需要to, C改为know 'U Cx^-  
#u(,#(P'#  
③、感官动词 X.5LB!I)  
   hear, feel, watch, see, notice, observe eV}Tx;1|}  
   see sb do sth. 强调过程  @n'ss!h  
   see sb doing sth 正在做某事 \`# 0,pLr  
Upen/1bA  
LZ :\V)5+  
B. 动词不定式的固定用法 5ml}TSMu'  
(1)表示第一人 |H @p^.;  
the first woman to do sth. IcA~f@  
{-qTU6  
(2)表示迫使的动词 xGk4KcxKs  
一般考三个, allow/ enable/ call, +sb. + to do ,6pH *b $  
|:BYOxAYZ8  
例:Besides providing clues to the nature of atoms, mineral analysis 1"PE@!]  
     A                 B    9F!&y-  
  allows to speculate geologists about the ancient Earth. !qv;F?2 <g  
       C           D W}3vY]  
分析:allow...to do是固定短语,allow的宾语应在不定式之前,即把C改为: allow geologists to speculate。 )uWNN"  
d69VgLg  
^2@~AD`&h  
(3)表示倾向…的形容词 o|C{ s   
  be more likely to do 更有可能作某事 T0jJp7O  
  be inclined to do倾向于做某事 pdqh'+5  
  be lieable to do 易于…的 _"`h~jB  
  be apt to do X|G+N(`|(  
3/05ee;|  
(4)表示目的的名词, *h9vMks o  
一共有7个这样的词,这一条也是最重要的。 }C}_ I:=C  
固定的句式: >^N :A  
the purpose , the purpose of sth is to do sth. )FPbE^ s(  
the objective 目标 E~^'w.1  
aim ObzlZP r@  
goal Df^S77&c!  
reason理由 ?Pc 3*.  
function功能 BZ9iy~  
intension意图 iSHl_/I <  
<X*8Xzmv  
例:The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was providing _#B/# ^a  
                       A  6Tnzg`0I  
  large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior. Nig-D>OS  
           B          C     D  sd%~pY}  
分析:the function to provide, A错 *_wBV M=2  
4 fswx@l  
例:The chief goal of biochemistry is for understanding the structure qZe"'"3M  
                  A       Y {=@^4|]  
  and behavior of the carbon-containing compounds |e\%pfZ   
     B  ej+!|97M  
  that make up various components of a living cell. C+5nft6:  
    C    D E12k1gC`  
分析:the chief goal is to understand, A错 8n?.w:Y/  
HJmO+  
(5) 其他同根名词 Ay]5GA!W+  
 ability to do 受到be able to 的影响 >Fz$DKr[  
 attempt to do 企图 {QID@  
 decision to do 决定, 受decide的影响 Q1z04m1_y[  
 ambition, oWmla*nCKL  
 be ambitious to do  {Y Ymt!Ic  
 effort q]x@q  
MXb(Z9)]kw  
例:For ancient people, myths were often attempts explanation pC6_ jIZ  
  A                    B   o9i\[Ul  
  catastrophic events such as volcanic eruptions. e 3K  
          C       D iweP3u##  
分析:B错,应改为to explain。 attempts后应跟动词不定式短语表目的,故将名词explanation改为to explain。 |Bp?"8%*l  
$Tg$FfD6&  
例:In the early 1960's the Civil Rights movement made great U,'n}]=4A3  
  A                   B   #=rR[:M  
  efforts for registering members of minorities to vote. s6B@:9  
       C            D m| Z)h{&  
分析:efforts to register, C错 F}Au'D&n_  
&+v&Dd&  
?D_zAh?pW  
C. 动词不定式的其他用法 x>^S..K}L%  
(1) be to do 表示已安排好或者注定要发生的动作,属于将来时态的范畴 {8' 5  
She and Anne are to meet at two o'clock. p.G7Cs  
Z(L>~+%  
(2)不定式的完成式为“to have done”,表示不定式的动作在谓语动作之前发生,这个完成式通常表示一般过去时 _3hEYeh  
I am glad to see you. gP3[=a"\  
I am glad to have seen your mother yesterday. zy|hf<V  
yesterday是一般过去时,修饰have seen. =["GnL*!0  
wQ5__"D  
(3) 形容词后面使用动词不定式,主动表示被动 CVm*Q[5s"  
It is difficult to decide. %^S1 fUwT  
6R25Xfm_|  
2,+H;Ypi!  
五、句子的结构 <t8})  
句子的结构主要考查四个出题方向。 d^7<l_u~ !  
Rh=h{O  
(一) 主语的重复 ?^dyQhb  
名词+代词+谓语,这个代词永远是重复的主语,永远是错的 S7bSR?~L[  
例:Woodrow Wilson he was an idealist who refused to make any MStaP;|  
          A      B      9I,Trk@&  
  compromises concerning the establishment of the 1peN@Yk2W  
          C          D Q]8r72uSk  
  League of Nations. 8W{R&Z7aL  
分析:代词he不是同位语,主语重复;如果是下面这样的主语,那么便是主语同位语 EB \\ F  
A prolific writer, Woodrow Wilson J&Ah52  
 +p2)uXqW  
WaYT\CG7y  
例:Two unique features of the Arctic they are k]Yd4CC2  
        A        B  CGQ`i  
  lack of precipitation and permanently frozen ground. .A E(D7d6  
    C         D =dPrG=A   
分析:选项B中的they和前面的主语two unique features重复 nkxVc  
\QVL%,.%M  
(二)谓语的重复 *cf#:5Nl  
完整的句子后面又多了一个谓语,往往改为定语从句 p?5zwdX+`  
?Pa5skqR  
例:A paragraph is a portion of a text consists of  `U(FdT  
    A            B    9Z} -%Z[,)  
  one or more sentences related to the same idea. LVX.stN#p  
         C   D d;K,2  
分析:B错,应改为consisting of或which consists of。句中有两个无法连接的谓语动词,而且前一个谓语动词下面没有划线,故改consists为非谓语动词形式或在它前面加which使之成为从句谓语动词。 ikUG`F%W  
W_%Dg]l   
(三)谓语的缺少 ^5OR%N)  
例:Most mammals to maintain a relatively constant body 0y*8;7-|r)  
          A     B    @,$>H 7o  
  temperature, regardless of what the air temperature might be. NOQM:tBO>  
         C               D  3= PRe  
分析:A错,应改为maintain。句中缺谓语动词,故去掉不定式符号to 使maintain变成谓语动词。 }5`Kn}rY  
Y-v6xUc{F  
(四)主句的重复 `j9 ;9^  
主句的重复总是考even, instead, during, despite等引导的句子, 但是实际上它们无法把两个句子连接起来,因为它们都是副词或者介词,连接两个句子应该用连接词连接 Y f1?3 (0O  
5LR k) @t  
y-9Mm9J  
例:Salmon spend most of their adult lives in salt water, despite U`z=!KI+g  
      A         B        C   U&GSMjqg  
  they return to their freshwater birthplaces to spawn and die. 5 y0 N }}  
     D X3@Uih}|  
分析:C错,应改为though。despite是介词,后面一般接名词作宾语,而在句中它后面却跟着一个完整的句子,所以改为连词though。 nH_M#  
2)-Umq{]{  
例:Solar eclipses occur during the Moon's shadow OQ&l/|{O0?  
        A   B       G .NGS%v  
  sweeps across the face of the Earth. \I (g 70  
      C    D 8MU+i%hd  
分析:B错,应改为when或as。介词不能引导条件状语从句,根据题意改为从属连词when或as。 ew?4;  
-%,=%FBi~4  
例:Even many early leaders of the United States have provided {OIB/  
   A                     B  kntYj}F(  
  names for towns, only George Washington WUrE1%u  
      C E6XD n`:  
  is remembered in the name of a state. LGB}:;$AL  
          D iSbPOC7  
分析:A错,应改为Even though。even为副词,不能引导从句,根据题意,改为引导让步状语从句的Even though。 ,+~8R"  
六、比较级和最高级 5/8=Do](  
比较级和最高级的出题非常有规则,一共有5个出题方向,并且每次考试必然考两个 2)hfYLi  
]n}aePl}oU  
(一)    比较级或最高级形式上的重复 0RgE~x!hI  
例:The most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which F%P"T%|  
      A               1%E Ngb:8  
  involves using a circular dish with a small pocket at the bottom. H-\Ym}BGu  
     B       C           D &+ "<ia(  
分析:A错,应改为easiest。easiest本身已是最高级,不必再用most,这是最高级形式上的重复 L I*=T   
fqjBor}  
(二)比较级和最高级之间的混用 S4\a"WYg  
例:The greenest and plentifulest leaves are the leaves of grasses. bgLa`8  
     A      B     C  D R:4@a ':H  
分析:B错,应改为most plentiful。 plentiful是多音节形容词,须在前面加most构成最高级。 hjyM xg;Q?  
%_."JT$v{  
例:The more fearsome of all the animals in the Western Hemisphere q #mBNe62p  
     A       B     C   D 1w~PHH`~  
  is the grizzly bear. Unvl~lm6  
分析:A错,应该用最高级most,含有介词of, among, in 表示的范围状语使用最高级。 ; [G:  
URceq2_  
?7}ybw3t]  
(三)比较词than的前面一定要有比较级 D&i\dgbK  
改错题中,通常会看见than前面有一个原级 %N)B8A9kh  
SIapY%)h  
例:Film directors can take far great liberties in dealing with nfbR"E jXr  
   A           B  ugNt7P,^  
  concepts of time and space than stage directors can. NB1KsvD{  
   C                 D VwpC UW  
分析:B错,应改为greater。根据后面有than一词可以判定前面的形容词用比较级形式,注意far, much 修饰比较级。 \_WR:?l  
PChew3  
(四)在as…as以及否定not so…as, not as…as的中间使用形容词原级 $2\ 8Rn6'  
as sweeter as, 这是不对的,应改为as sweet as s3eS` rK-  
Lo3N)~5  
(五)the 和比较级最高级的关系 JcUU#>  
①、比较级前面可以出现the, 修饰后面的名词 0KnL{Cj   
the taller boy _tJt eDRY  
hH 5}%/vF  
②、副词的最高级加不加the均可以 4^uSW&`;/  
例:Although flies live longest in cool temperatures, it breed KJRAW]?{  
          A            B Gsv<Rjj:  
  prolifically when temperatures are warm, food is M#; ks9  
  abundant, and humidity is moderate. ]o8]b7-  
    C          D ?OLd }8y  
分析:副词的最高级加不加the均可, 所以A正确,从从句的主语可以看出,B应该改为they Ux7LN @4og  
(/uAn2  
③、形容词的最高级作定语前面必须使用the, 如果不作定语的话,加不加the均可以 h <e  
例:Of all the Native Americans in the United States, K_;vqi^1^&  
  A  B         C     H0;Iv#S!  
  the Navajos form largest group. rz@q W2  
         D _;B wP  
分析:D错,应改为form the largest。形容词最高级前面要加定冠词。 pASX-rb  
&cL1 EQ(  
陷阱1, earliest, 有两种可能, qtExd~E  
一种可能是early的最高级,最早的语言,the earliest language 2 ^m}5:0  
    另一种可能作名词,表示早期,必须和时间的名词连用,earliest time, earliest ages, 表示很早的年代,很早的时代,也就是说,如果以后碰上earliest后面加上times, ages, 前面不用加the f^FFn3 2u  
m,lZy#02s3  
例:The belief in fairies have existed from earliest times, and the literature of many ?qNU*d  
            A      B         C $AZYY\1  
  countries includes tales of fairies and their relationship to humans. Q,[G?vbj  
            D o/w3b 8  
分析:A错,应改为has existed。主语是单数名词the belief,而不是复数名词fairies,故谓语动词是单数形式。earliest times表示表示很早的时代是正确的。 +4s]#{mP  
s0/O/G?  
陷阱2,如果最高级前面有所有格的话,不用加the itg_+%^R  
例如:my best friends h m,{C  
h^SWb9 1"G  
例:Salt Lake City, Utah's capital and largest city, is industrial D5,]E`jwu  
            A    B     C J,F1Xmr4  
  and banking center. fOV_ >]u  
        D GGp.u@\r  
分析:C错,应改为is an industrial center。center为可数名词,它的修饰词前面应有不定冠词。 sp,-JZD  
Utah's largest city, 题目中其实是省略了Utah's。 FJ_7<4ET  
1Cw] ~jh  
yp#!$+a}  
例:Faults in the Earth's crust are most evidently in sedimentary ,^:{!?v  
                 A         ?{ N,&d  
  formations, where they interrupt previously continuous layers.  >Uw:cq  
    B   C     D 'z ?Hv  
分析:A错,are的表语必须用evident, 为什么不加the, 因为作表语,而不是定语 cUY-  
{ ADd[V  
七、平行结构 F\m^slsu7=  
改错题考的最多的一个方向便是平行结构 Zw]"p63eMa  
wZ(1\ M(  
#EH=tJgO|J  
(一) 对等连接词 iXDG-_K  
一共有三类连接平行结构的词 @G4Z  
单一式: and, or ,but C%z)D1-  
相关式: both…and, not … but, "w:h  
     either …or, neither…nor /6 ')B !&  
     the same…as;as…as, not so…as, not as…as @IL04' \  
     such …as, so …that.. too…to, from…to, from…until, T#ls2UL*xh  
没有so...as... B!wN%> U  
between…and, !D=!  
     not only…but also(also可以省略),Not only +主谓,also 2FMmANH0ev  
     not only…but also(also可以省略)+as well, 0~U#DTx0  
Z[#8F&QV!m  
短语式: as well as &qx/ZT  
     rather than (而不是) Nf| 0O\+%y  
     other than (除…之外) Jh-yIk  
     instead of (代替) }>{R<[I!G  
?MH=8Cl1w  
考试的方式往往是搭配中有一个单词是对的,另一个单词却不对 _}F& ^  
例:John lived in New York since 1960 to 1975,  f)Qln[/  
       A     B   "yu{b]AU  
  but he is now living in Detroit. ?/.])'&b  
       C   D x{pj`'J)  
分析:B错,应改为from。“从某年到某年”要用“from…to…”这个表达法,不能用since …to…。 Zz0er|9]Q  
YuhfPa  
例:Even as he wrote copiously on so diverse topics Ae2N"%Ej  
       A         B Bl+\|[yd  
  as education ,politics ,and religion ,Lewis Mumford sVh)Ofn  
  remained active in city and regional planning. }ILBX4c  
          C    D  I bD u+~)  
分析:B错, 改为such diverse topics as, 出现as, 往往要注意前面一半 |>ztx}\  
(二)平行的内容 )7.)fY$  
第一、引导词性的平行,词性的平行本质上是语法作用的平行 & b (*  
例:Photoperiodism is the functional or behavioral response of e#oK% {A  
             A         B   "mn?*  
  an organism to changes in duration of daily, seasonally, vAM1|,U  
         C            D f/dJRcDl<  
  or yearly periods of light and darkness. >~,~X9   
分析:D错,应改为seasonal。在daily, seasonally和yearly三个并列的词中,daily和yearly是形容词,seasonally是副词,故改为形容词seasonal,共同修饰名词periods,三个形容词的平行,词性平行 Y2VfJ}%Q  
./I?|ih  
eBa#Z1Z  
第二、名词单复数的平行 jG ouwta  
但是如果既有可数名词,又有不可数名词,可以不平行 VP!4Nob  
;=joQWNDm  
例:The main advertising media include direct mail, S:{xx`6K  
  A     B          C   ;8<HB1 &,  
  radio, television, magazines, and newspaper. g{Av =66Z  
                 D   =R:O`qdC4e  
分析:D错,应改为newspapers。newspaper为可数名词,在没有任何前置修饰语的情况下一般用复数形式,并且和前面的magazine平行,而mail, radio, television则是不可数名词。 >K'dgJ245  
`Ij EwKra  
例:The Canadian province of Newfoundland has a rocky coast, a moisture climate, B9,39rG/7+  
                   A         B ;HCK iHC  
  and probably the best cod-fishing areas in the world. Q&0`(okb  
      C          D </kuJh\  
分析:海岸气候只有一个,但是钓鱼的地方可以有许多个,所以也是不可数名词和名词复数的平行;因此D没有错,A错改为have  j=pg5T  
8d$|JN;)  
第三、时态的平行 ZklO9Ox(  
例:The poet Marianne Moore was initially associated *04}84?:  
                A     6*B%3\z)  
  with the imagist movement , but later develops 5`3 x(=b  
                   B }8AH/  
  her own thyme patterns and verse forms. 0e&&k  
          C    D <#8}![3Q  
分析:B错,应改为developed。句中前半部分谓语为过去时,与之并列的谓语也应用过去时。 HY_>sD  
R<f F ^^  
例:Because the papaya grows readily from seed , ----- 4RctYMz  
  spread from its home in Central America and 6|lsG6uf  
  now grows throughout the tropics. 0Sk~m4fj(  
   (A) to be    (B) it   %AJ9fs4/  
   (C) the     (D) its %h(%M'm?  
分析:正确答案为(B)。空格前是原因状语从句,后面紧接着是谓语动词,空格处明显缺主句主语。四个选项中只有B能单独作主语。注意spread是过去式,没有数的变化,因为这一动作明显发生在过去时间。spread 和grows为什么时态可以不平行呢? :@5{*o  
原来它在Central America 的家乡传播,现在在整个地方传播,now只修饰后面的grow 9BP'[SM%),  
D5xQ  
例:Ducks have been domesticated for many centuries ---- M]X!D7  
  commercially for their meat and eggs. B#hvw'}  
   (A) raised   (B) and are raised Ge({sy>X  
   (C) raised as  (D) are raised &u^]YE{  
分析:正确答案为B。空格前是一个完整的句子,根据一个空格处如再出现谓语动词一定要有连词这一原则,B为惟一符合条件的选项。故选(B)。 0'f\>4B  
mW{uChHP  
第四、排列位置的平行 X]9<1[ f  
例:---the surface of metal, but also weakens it.  z9&j  
   (A) Not only does rust corrode _\yR/W~  
   (B) Not only rust corrodes  Uc_ }="  
   (C) Rust, which not only corrodes [;aM8N  
   (D) Rust not only corrodes 1P"{ T Md?  
分析:正确答案为D。从but also放在动词前可知,not only也须置于动词前,故选D。A、B中的Not only位置放错了,C使句子缺主句,故排除。 T^MY w  
!w UznyYwt  
对于not only, but also的用法有以下几种: .|u`s,\  
 1、主语+not only +谓语,but also+谓语,正确;例如上面例题中的第四个选项。 $bKXP(  
 2、Not only +主谓,but also+主谓,正确 {S+?n[1r\  
 3、Not only +主语+谓语,but also+谓语,错误 #b&tNZ4!_  
 |15!D  
八、词序的颠倒 Gjq7@F'  
词序的颠倒一般只考一道,90%的情况集中于下面三个出题方向 SJX9oVJeZ  
(一) 先说形容词,再说名词 {HM[ )t0  
例:The Medal of Honor is the highest award military for courage EKcPJ\7  
              A    B        lb9?Uc@  
  that can be given to any individual in the United States. irm4lb5  
      C       D    aaf}AIL.  
分析:B错,军事的荣誉是military award而不是award military,单个形容词修饰名词时一般放在被修饰词的前面。 M`q|GY  
i"n_oO  
Xu~N97\G  
(二) 副词+形容词+名词 Oq% TW|a#  
例:Certain types of computers work properly only oB!Y)f6H1  
          A      B     [O^/"Qk  
  in environments with controlled precisely temperatures. e0TxJ*  
    C         D + \%]<YO  
分析:D错,应改为precisely controlled,精确的被控制的温度。controlled为过去分词用作形容词,修饰它的副词应放在其前面,它自己则要紧挨着被修饰的名词。 2G-"HOG  
l=T;hk  
Q1|6;4L  
(三)主语系动词, 系动词 + 表语 B_[I/ ?  
A p?,y?  
例:During the 1600's skilled shoemakers scarce were _IOUhMo  
          A   B     C   k ?6d\Q  
  in what is now the United States. (O(TFE5^  
    D ^{IZpT3  
分析:C错,应改为were scarce。表语应该放在系动词后面。 T ?[;ej:  
mX.mX70|J  
所有的系动词分为三大类: 3'6 UvAXFH  
第一种:表示保持某种状态, xc @$z* w  
    is, remain, keep, stay, NTZ3Np`  
    lie, exit(表示位于) F~E)w5?\O  
第二种,从一种状态转变到另一种状态 uSI@Cjp  
    become, turn, grow, 1;kMbl]  
    get (It is getting warmer and warmer) 9?hF<}1XH}  
H!}L(gjEG  
第三种,感官动词 D}}?{pe  
    seem(好像是) d)biMI}<5  
    look(看起来好像是) 3k>#z%//  
    feel, sound, appear, smell, taste '^WR5P<8c  
enough修饰形容词或副词时,一般放在形容词或副词后面。 }yrs6pQ  
例: The eruptions of Mt. St. Helens were enough severe 8r[TM  
    A               B     !<j4*av:G  
   to cause numerous deaths. [#\OCdb*3  
        C   D  "WGKwi=W  
分析:B错,应改为sever enough。severe是形容词, enough放在severe后面。 dn])6Xl;i  
yp=sL' E  
九、词性的混用 x4g6Qze  
词汇量的掌握对词性的使用非常重要,但是如果对出题方向有更好的把握,将会弥补词汇量的不足。 cf>lY  
,3}+t6O"  
(一)做表语时形容词和副词的混用 ,Iz9!i J"  
做表语永远用形容词,绝对不能用副词; v_%6Ly  
^fd*KM  
例:Giant pandas, which inhabit restricted areas of high G.XxlI}  
          A        B      <bCB-lG*Kb  
  mountain bamboo forests, are rarely today and 6?US<<MQ  
              C xA:;wV  
  when they are in captivity they breed poorly. qR2cRepV  
          D 1z2v[S&pk  
分析:错,应改为are rare。rarely为副词,不能作表语,故改为形容词rare(罕见的,稀少的) #2Q%sE?  
g]44|9x(W  
hV`?, ~K  
(二)加宾语时名词和动名词的混用 >zJkG9a  
后面加宾语当然要用动名词 B$JPE7h@[P  
例:Tilling means preparation the soil to plant the seeds mqJD+ K  
         A       B      '#j6ZC/?  
  and keeping the soil in the best condition to }>y~P~`S:  
          C        :u=y7[I  
  help the crop grow until it is ready3 for harvesting. j&A9 &+w  
            D dXY}B=C  
分析:A错,应改为preparing。preparation为名词,后面不能接宾语,改为动名词preparing后既能接宾语,又与后面的keeping构成并列关系。 G&wYV[Ln  
d9e~><bPJ  
例:Langston Hughes, a prolific writer of the 1920's, T=V{3v@zs  
            A       UDcr5u eKn  
   was concerned with the depicting the experience of Gk58VODo  
      B      C ]NWcd~"b!Z  
   urban Black people in the United States. l&] %APL  
   D +ZE"pA^C  
分析:C错,应改为depicting。 depicting在此为动名词,作介词宾语时不加冠词。注意此处还可以改为the depiction of,但略显累赘,因为后面还有of结构。The +动名词,这个动名词其实就变为了名词。 7{S;~VH3  
,e`n2)  
@{<^rLt  
####(三)表示时间时,状语从句连接词和近义的介词混用 PDgZb  
表示时间有两种可能, 9ucoQ@  
一种是状语从句,由when and while引导,后面加句子 $'*{&/@  
另一种是由介词引导,如during,后面加名词, j9Z1=z  
考试中往往就利用这个特点,总是给出相反的情况 XNvlx4  
1Nv qtVC  
例:Balloon observations for military intelligence B~< bc  
       A     B     a)+*Gf7?  
  were made while the American Civil War. 9a1R"%Z  
   C    D VeFfkg4  
分析:D错,应改为during。while是从属连词或并列连词,后面接句子,后面是名词短语时,应改为介词during。 b|k(:b-G&.  
11A;z[Zk  
例:Some of the most celebrated publicity stunts while the sFgsEKs  
   A      B           C    uAk >VPuuZ  
  history of radio were associated with Gracie Allen. 9I1`*0A  
          D RSjcOQ8&.w  
分析:C错,应改为in。while为连词,后面要求接从句,而句中显然没有从句,故根据题意改为介词in。 !Xq5r8]  
gd]k3XN$f  
^v3J ld  
(四)对等连接词和近义的副词混用 \/ Zo*/  
连接平行结构的词叫做对等连接词,但是如果出现else, also, instead等副词把这些结构连接起来行不行呢?当然不行。 q?0 &0  
[A;0I jKam  
例:Mary McDowell shared Jane Addam's interest in social [|YuT:Cp  
                   A     h)r=+Q\'(S  
  work also was a loyal supporter of the League of Nations. .36]>8  
     B   C    D xCu\jc)2  
分析:B错,应改为and。also是副词,不能连接并列的谓语动词,故改为并列连词and。 b|.<rV'BTt  
/5f=a  
例:Paper is strong under tension instead crumples |Yi_|']#  
   A        B   C      4% jQHOZ  
  easily under the stress of compression. ~^g*cA t}  
   D $cO-+Mr-~  
分析:C错,应改为but;题目意思是在拉力的作用下很强,而在压力的作用下容易起皱;instead, 副词不能连接两个动词并列,but 的对等连接词和and, or的用法是一样的 ch/DBu  
-}>H3hr  
AD'c#CT  
(五)表示人的名词和表示事物的词混用 ]vCs9* |B  
X&%;(`  
例:An editor is customarily a brief newspaper or magazine $j0<ef!  
    A         B )},/=#C0  
  article that gives personal comments on current events. Y^5)u/Y=U  
          C            D 3pkx3tp{  
分析:A错,应改为editorial。 editor的意思是“编辑”,根据题意改为名词editorial(社论)。 ZP4y35&%y  
R+=Xr<`%U|  
/8>we`4  
例:For centuries, music have played acoustical guitars, ~=Fp0l)#  
         A Ke\FzZ]  
  which produce sound from the vibration of the strings. W=!D[G R  
   B      C      D 6"o@d8>v  
分析:A错,应改为musicians。music是抽象名词,意为“音乐”,不能表示复数要领显然应改为musicians(音乐家)。 ]~'pYOB  
G>+ii sb%  
(六) 只能用副词+数量词+名词;不能用形容词 | +aD%'|  
nearly two hundred students, 这里nearly修饰的是200; S\A9r!2  
two hundred diligent students
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