流水石头 |
2009-02-20 08:13 |
考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式
考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 D
9;s% At)\$GJ 开头万能公式: i8i~b8r] _ Y8jl,J 1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 +hUz/G+3 有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! /Q\|u:oO, 原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? WN3]xw3 经典句型: 0p[-M`D A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) .y^T3?}I It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. Rn5{s3?F~2 (适用于自编名言) {LoNp0i1a 更多经典句型: 5%;=(Oig As everyone knows, No one can deny that… \>p\~[cxt 2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 f&88N<) 原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 GRj#1OqL 原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: @lTd,V5f According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college bm#/ KT_8 students wanted to further their study after their graduation. PIZK*Lop 看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: <jIuVX Honesty A? T25<} 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 9
gWqs' Travel by Bike 'NSfGC%7R 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 Cm~z0c|T Youth 84f^==Y 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 lCiRvh1K Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? a}5/?/ 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 ~R
C\ 更多句型: "eZ~]m}L0 A recent statistics shows that … \CVrLn;} /[,0,B9!3 结尾万能公式: k4`(7Z a&%v ^r[ 1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 ) 8 %lZ{ 说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: @: K={AIa Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good s>ohXISB[ manners arise from politeness and respect for others. HL~DIC% 如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! 0i~?^sT' 更多过渡短语: y!/:1BHlm to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus e1Bqd+ 更多句型: |)+45e Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… ^|ul3_'? 2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 @
GXi{9 如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! !;M5.Y1j&" Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve 6@-O#,]J the problem. ?v}S9z 这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? KZ$^Q<d^ 更多句型: !]l;n
Fd Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. Nc:0opPM Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be 2aJ_[3p/h] taken. U)C>^ !Us 写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 !a^'Jbb _6]c f!H 工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:
/PZxF As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is wPxtQv to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to M+-1/vR *@ satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite m4,inA:o similar. +%?\#E QJ 如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! \
k &ZA 强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 l^R1XBP 主 题 句原则 ].
0;;v6) 国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! d /lV+yZ 特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! Y InPmR To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully nHl{'|~ prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, bFsJqA.A you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 {!xDJnF; 一 二 三原则 _:+
k|I 领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… FQM9>l@6)> 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 E(Zm6~ 1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) Ir6g"kwCKq 2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) Le*gdoW . 3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) Vr hd\ 4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, ;TulRx]EA lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) s3y"y_u 5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) (lt{$0 6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) o ^""=Z 7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) ~2[mZias 8)most important of all, moreover, finally B}^l'p_u 9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 2X6L'!= 10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) LN`Y`G|op 建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 oW3|b2D 写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: <v3pI!)x I cannot bear it. R
<;;Ph 可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. Z ty9O8g I want it. naVbcY 可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. T9bUt | 这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 =)nJ'}x 原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, f0+vk'Z humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital _
qU-@Y$ 之类的形象词。再比如: 2*a5pFkb 走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room 6mV^akapv 但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room *vOk21z77d *****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room czT]X
F 小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room ^xQPj6P} 老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room ^u> fW["[ 所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 %|'Vuc Lx 1)加法(串联) Z u/w> 都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, {'yr)(:2M 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: ^9 ^DA!' I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. gjk;An
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: 7sU,<Z/D Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. :Z+Jt=;
其它的短语可以用: p\DSFB besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover J@+b_e* 2)转折(拐弯抹角) vF)eo"_s* 批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 {xf00/ The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. MH|R @g The coat was thin, but it was warm. N1hj[G[H" 更多的短语:
{RI)I despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, u{S"NEc despite, notwithstanding -
PTfsQk 3)因果(so, so, so) onl,R{,`0 昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! u}89v1._Jn The snow began to fall, so we went home. ]q/USVj{ 更多短语: . f!dH then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a mDO! o result, for this reason, so that .R)uk 4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) ~SS3gL v 有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 <GLn!~Px@5 举例:This is what I can do. iXL
?ic Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. ?C']R(fQ\ 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:
k; >Vh'=X When to go, Why he goes away… HSVl$66 5)附加(多此一举) ~_
u3_d. 如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 Yr[&*>S The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. ;9LOeH? I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. z0Z1J8Qq6. Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. i8S=uJ]n 其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom
qfjUJ/ or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 W}#n.c4+ 6)排比(排山倒海句) r"|.`$:B 文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! 0{ Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated Jhfw$ DF or simple, there is plenty in London for you. .y lvJ$ Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such s6'=4gM as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean '_5|9
} tides. ~/XDA:nfL: We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, ]B$J8.{q0 to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) RhC|x,E 要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 8H|ac[hXK2 既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! `jVRabZ0 原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: R:j
mn The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb =3!o_ the Western Hills. *f_A:`: Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about VJ?>o three times that of China. X?XB!D7[ 如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! X yiaRW 文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 q^?a|l Cy*.pzCi 思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! kdp^{zW} In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted i,S1|R every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as
r?!:%L sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. E@yo/S For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will +k~0&lZi ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the (w:,iw# seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. (\!?>T[En 更多句型: W6_ rSVm To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, v$w}UC%uf for example二、做比较 r/HTkXs I 方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; '5LdiS
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世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through Dh}(B$~Oz+ comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: CWocb=E 相似的比较: GC' e in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner vhAgX0k 相反的比较: &0tW{-Hv" on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, YB<nz<;JR nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, Y;%LwDC …三、换言之 y j#
*H 没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 }z$_
!)/i 实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! 4dcm)Xr I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. }Z FoCMM I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love B+mxM/U[c with you. {\CWoFht> 或者上面我们举过的例子: c)B3g.C4m I cannot bear it. V7r_Ubg@K 可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. CbC[aVA= 因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with u!5q)>Wt( it or I am fed up with it. bxtH`^ 更多短语: ..X _nF in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more Yj/o17 simply
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