lqj7377355 |
2010-06-10 17:38 |
2010浙江大学考博听力原文和答案
1955: Opening day1
V;jz0B An aerial view of Disneyland in 1956. The entire route of the +_Z/VQv Disneyland Railroad is clearly visible as it encircles the v'tk:Hm1 park.Disneyland Park was opened to the public on Monday, 【July 18, g=Di2j{A 1955】. However, a special "International Press Preview" event was +&@0;zSga held on Sunday, July 17, 1955, which was only open to invited guests eHR<(8c'f and the media. The Special Sunday events, including the dedication, J7xmf,76w were televised nationwide and anchored by three of Walt Disney's ':3KZ
4/C friends from Hollywood: Art Linkletter, Bob Cummings, and Ronald lDeWs%n Reagan. ABC broadcast the event live on its network; at the time, it
~A/_\- was one of the largest and most complex live broadcasts ever.The event nmr>Aj8[ did not go smoothly. The park was overcrowded as the by-invitation- a2TC, only affair was plagued with counterfeit tickets. All major roads "T|\ nearby were empty. The temperature was an unusually high 101 °F (38 Cx[4
/~_< °C), and a plumbers' strike left many of the park's 【drinking <=Qk^Y2k fountains dry】. Disney was given a choice of having working fountains Pp2)
P7 or running toilets and he chose the latter. This, however, generated 'Nh^SbD+_| negative publicity since Pepsi sponsored the park's opening; enraged `Nj|}^A guests believed the inoperable fountains were a cynical way to sell ,ME9<3
Ac soda. The asphalt that had been poured just that morning was so soft }kpkHq"`f that ladies' high-heeled shoes sank in. Vendors ran out of food. A gas ,tZwXP{ leak in Fantasyland caused Adventureland,Frontierland, and Fantasyland @_
{"ho to close for the afternoon. Parents were throwing their children over ~"k'T9QBY the shoulders of crowds to get them onto rides such as the King Arthur 7nmo
p7 Carrousel {/ta1&xyG The park got such bad press for the event day that Walt Disney invited ]NCOi?Odx members of the press back for a private "second day" to experience the scdT/|(U$ true Disneyland, after which Walt held a party in the Disneyland Hotel gA6C(##0 for them. Walt and his 1955 executives forever referred to the day as amRtFrc| 【"Black Sunday"】. Every year on July 17, cast members wear pin *q
RQN+% badges stating how many years it has been since July 17, 1955. For o0 Ae*Y0 example, in 2004 they wore the slogan "The magic began 49 years ago l_:%?4MA today."But for the first twelve to fifteen years, Disney did KjadX&JD officially state that opening day was on July 18, including in the utr_fFu park's own publications. Disneyland referred to July 17, 1955, as L$g;^@j "Dedication Day" in one of its July, 1967, press releases. On Monday i+;EuHf July 18, crowds started to gather in line as early as 2 a.m., and the 6XP>
p$- first person to buy a ticket and enter the park was David MacPherson nMhc3t with 【admission ticket】 number 2, as Roy O. Disney arranged to pre- 4:.M
*Dz purchase ticket number 1. Walt Disney had an official photo taken with &~i1 @\] two children instead, Christine Vess Watkins (age 5 in 1955) and (<h,R@: Michael Schwartner (age 7 in 1955), and the photo of the two carries a /=N`P &R# deceptive caption along the lines of "Walt Disney with the first two. T4[eBO guests of Disneyland." Vess Watkins and Schwartner both received r*
U6govky 【lifetime passes】 to Disneyland that day, and MacPherson was awarded CV k8MA one shortly thereafter, which was later expanded to every single b#sO1MXv Disney-owned park in the world.
:z[SI{Y W5 y. j: t6 G2 j7 \0 A+ Q! c2 h \?j(U8mB> A Harvard Extension School class at Boylston Hall. Through the 1950s, Px<;-H
` most Extension courses cost $5 each (slightly more than two bushels of C<3An_Dy wheat). Now any Harvard staff member can take a graduate-level course ?g 3sv5\u for $40 a semester, making it possible to earn a master’s degree for 'G&w[8mqY $400. It was 1835, and John Lowell Jr., the wealthy young scion of a b{A#P? prominent Boston family, sat by the Nile River in Luxor, a cradle of v"j7},P@ Egyptian civilization. Sick with fever, he drafted a long revision to k20tn
ew his will and mailed it home to a cousin. Months later, Lowell was dQ<EDtap dead.That revamped will included a bequest that has rippled ever wider 139_\=5|U/ across almost two centuries. Most notably, it led to creation of the hGsYu ) Harvard Extension School, which is celebrating its centennial year, o!Y
7y1$ with the official anniversary in February.8 ]+ Lowell’s idea was +7=3[K simple, but brilliant. Everyday people wanted to learn, he thought, (uSfr]89' and just needed a forum that allowed them to do so. In the 19th 3o h(d.Z century, that method mostly involved public lectures. In the 20th &W1cc#( century, it was usually classroom study, and in the 21st, the trend is ;e+ErN`a.~ toward 【distance learning on the Web】. But what has been true of the a$ Z06j Extension School from its earliest incarnation is its devotion to [L:,A{rve public learning, and its students’ fierce desire to be oYW:ptJ taught.Evolving far beyond its origins as a lecture series, the 7a2uNt,X Extension School is now a degree-granting institution with 14,000 zFlW\wc students that this year is offering close to 【700】undergraduate and ]`LMyt0 graduate courses across 65 fields, taught by faculty from nine of zMtx>V
I Harvard’s 10 Schools. The modern Extension School has embraced video q%nWBmPZ~y learning and podcasts. One hundred and fifty courses are available flRok?iF online, expanding the School’s reach to students in 122 countries. f|u!?NGl About 20 percent of its students take courses exclusively online.! k HZ/e^"cpM ! t+ V9Increasingly, said Michael Shinagel, the Extension School’s Bx)4BPaN longtime dean, “the lectern is electronic.” Yet it was the forward- ?e0ljx; thinking Lowell, born in 1799 near the dawn of the American republic, alyWp who launched this thriving Harvard institution. Half of his wealth — G#UO>i0jy
the princely sum, in those days, of $250,000 — in 1839 established QN":Qk(,q the Lowell Institute, the Extension’s precursor. His bequest is a 0`:0m/fsU trust, active to this day, charged with offering public lectures in arm26YA-, Boston on the arts, sciences, and natural history, to students
fTMn regardless of gender, race, or age. The first Lowell lecture, on )
}(Po_ geology, was held in 1840, in an era of rising working-class clamor U<K)'l6#2n for education. The public’s response was tumultuous, with tickets )m|)cLT& being distributed amidst near-mob scenes. The institute’s collegiate H>X:#xOA_ “courses” — which were lecture series on a single topic — zt6GJz1q sometimes drew 10,000 applicants.By 1898, more than 4,400 free m9 1Gc?c lectures and courses had been offered through the Lowell Institute. :>f}rq Around that time, Boston schoolteachers were looking for ways to earn A{MMY{K3 a bachelor’s degree at night. The Lowell lectures and the lobbying wt]onve}% teachers created a perfect storm of sorts, and by 【1910】 University MR}=tO Extension at Harvard was founded.Another visionary with the Lowell Q
hy!:\&1 surname created the modern school. Harvard-educated government scholar :<hM@>eFn A. Lawrence Lowell became trustee of the institute in 1900, and by {\hjKP 1906 was promoting “systematic courses on subjects of liberal *PM#ngLX}r education,” as he called them, taught by Harvard faculty.His vision DHQS7%)f` of transforming a lecture program into a school of public education }p5_JXBV gained traction in 1909 when he was named president of Harvard. His 3$G &~A{ first step in office was not the curricular reform for which he later zncKd{Q\tP became famous. (Among other things, Lowell invented the idea of 5If.[j{ “concentrations.”) Instead, he 【pressed to create a University u:.w/k%+ Extension】.His desire, according to Shinagel, who has written a new Y
\ Gx| history of the School called “The Gates Unbarred,” was “to carry |yS % out more completely the idea of John Lowell Jr.” HA$Xg
j John Grisham was born on February 2, 1955, in Jonesboro, Arkansas, in j<'ftKk the USA. His father was a construction worker and moved his family all ,<k%'a!B
around the southern states of America, stopping wherever he could find L+N\B@ 0- work. Eventually they settled in Mississippi. Graduating from law w p\-LO~ school in 1981, Grisham practiced law for nearly a decade in 1J([*) Southaven, specializing in criminal defense and personal injury \#4mPk_" litigation (诉讼). In 1983, he was elected to the state House of Me79:+d Representatives and served until 1990.7 i+ V% One day at the Dessoto +-C.E County courthouse, Grisham heard the horrifying testimony of a 12- 4O<sE@X year-old rape victim. He decided to write a novel exploring what would ]"}BqS0 have happened if the girl’s father had murdered her attackers. He By waD? proceeded to get up every morning at 5 a.m. to work on the novel, "}MP {/ called A Time to Kill, which was published in 1988. Grisham’s next eAmI~oku novel, The Firm, was one of the biggest hits of 1991, spending 47 nrHC;R.nE weeks on The New York Times bestseller list. Grisham lives with his DkX^b:D*f wife and two children, dividing their time between their Victorian A'BqNsy home on a 67 acre farm in Mississippi and a 204 acre plantation near r0!')?#Z Charlottesville, Virginia.When he’s not writing, Grisham devotes time #9gx
4U to charitable causes, including mission trips with his church group. p[w! SR%= As a child he dreamt of becoming a professional baseball player, and ]DKRug5 now serves as the local Little League commissioner. He has built six /78]u^SW ballfields on his property and hosts children from 26Little League P0y DL:X[ teams. XwUa|"X6 47. What inspired Grisham to write his first novel? f`:GjA,J$ A. A case of murder. PChe w3 B. A case of rape Vm|KL3}NRv C. His father’s experience hs[x\:})/ D. His life on the farm (P`=9+ 49. Which of the following is NOT true of the novel The Firm ? ?TeozhUY .It was popular at the time of publication 'y\Je7 It earned Grisham great fame. +l^tT&s;f C. It brought Grisham wealth dzEi^*
(8 D. It was carried by The New York Times as a series.3 y3 i6 L' Z& x. q[_qZ S! H) W VxBBZsZO~ 50. It can be inferred from the passage that Grisham has built }%p:Xv@X! ballfields on his property ________. "Yh;3tI4* 答案应该为 C. to see his childhood dream being realized in the @oE
5JM children #m,H1YH
M My surprise over the past few winters has been the personality y QClq{A transformation my parents go through around mid-December as they =nHKTB> change from Dad and Mom into Grandpa and Grandma. Yes, they become U xBd14-R_ grandparents and are completely different from the people I know the Ec!!9dgRQ other eleven and a half months of the yearThe first sign of my parents h{gFqkDoTI ’ change is the delight they take in visiting toy and children’s ao2^3e clothing stores. These two people, who usually dislike anything having uR ?W|a to do with shopping malls, become crazy consumers. While they tell me q0NFz mG to budget my money and shop wisely, they are buying up every doll and nd]SI;< dump truck in sight. And this is only the beginning of the holidays o5bp~.m<
When my brother’s children arrive, Grandpa and Grandma come into full
M@R"-$Z form. First they throw out all ideas about a balanced diet for the Ea&|kO| grandkids. While we were raised in a house where everyone had to take C3}:DIn"w two bites of corn, beets(甜菜), or liver (foods that appeared quite H].|K/-p often on our table despite constant complaining), the grandchildren >\d&LLAe never have to eat anything that does not appeal to them. Grandma BB6[(Z carries chocolate in her pockets to bribe(贿赂)the littlest ones into I.n,TJoz4J following her around the house, while Grandpa offers “surprises” of BM<q;;pO candy and cake to them all day long. Boxes of chocolate-pie disappear =#2c
r:1 while the whole-wheat bread get hard and stale. The kids love all the Bn7uKa{P sweets, and when the sugar raises their energy levels, Grandma and Ipk;Nq Grandpa can always decide to leave and do a bit more shopping or go to KLyRb0V bed while my brother and sister-in-law try to deal with their highly R9U{r.AA active kids. c_3B: F7 Once the grandchildren have arrived, Grandma and Grandpa also seem to WO_Uc_R forget all of the responsibility lectures I so often hear in my daily @@AL@.* life. If Mickey screams at his sister during dinner, he is pR61bl) “developing his own personality”; if Nancy breaks Grandma’s mirror, w"v!+~/9 she is “just a curious child”. But, if I track mud into the house BS9VwG<Z while helping to unload groceries, I become “careless”; if I scold $ln8Cpbca one of the grandkids for tearing pages out of my textbook, I am Dh8ECy5k<* “impatient”. If Paula talks back to her mother, Grandma and Grandpa (`1io smile at her spirit. If I say one word about all of this excessive hz
o> :U love, Mom and Dad reappear to have a talk with me about petty 4>d4g\Z0L jealousies. Q;]JVT1 6.As regards his parents’ shopping for the grandchildren, the author UzxL" `^7 ______ . pF{jIXu A. feels jealous B. feels amazed C[L 5H C.thinks it unnecessary D. thinks it annoying ek][^^4o 7. What happens after the kids have had all the sweets? 0P$1=oK A. They get highly energetic. B. They quiet down.' ~CNB3r5R C. They want more sweets. D. They go to bed. |Xt.[1 Which of the following is NOT true of the visiting children? #`VAw ) eV A. They behave very well. 8ymdg\I+L B. They like chocolate very much. B[N]=V C. They receive toys from their grandparents. (!*
l+} The huge growth of global "ecotourism" industry is becoming an _4by3?<c increasing concern for conservationists with mounting evidence that cYA:k many wild species do not respond well to contact with human beings. B4y_{V overexposure to tourists has been linked to stress, abnormal behavior wW%b~JX and adverse health effects in species such as polar bears, dolphins i!a!qE.1 and gorillas(大猩猩), says a report in New Scientist./ D! K9 _: K5 D QTHY{:Rmu ~% X 3Bl|~K;- While regulated ecotourism can help conservation efforts by "V[j&B)P encouraging people to manage endangered species and their habitats, L]=]/>jQ6 many projects are poorly designed and unregulated, its says. “Many Qc7*p]E& ecotourist projects are unaudited, unauthorized and merely hint they v3DK0 MW are based on environmentally friendly policies and operations” Wd'}YbC While regulated ecotourism can help conservation efforts by jj{:=lZB encouraging people to manage endangered species and their habitats, “ In?rQiD9 many projects are poorly designed and hint they are based on Cff6EE environmentally friendly policies and operations.” d]E=w6+;Q Ecotourism is growing by 10 to 30 percent a year and an estimated 20 5gf
~/Zr percent of tourists are thought to visit a conservation-based project. HhynU/36 Philip Seddon, of the University of Otago in New Zealand, said that \l!+l although most tourist projects conformed to basic guidelines on land Vh0cac|X use and not scaring wildlife, their full impact was rarely considered. WSozDNF!'f In Africa, gorillas have picked up parasites introduced to their 1K/HVj+'. habitat by tourists and mongooses(蠓)have caught lung diseases from g:!U,<C^a human beings. Experts said that the answer to the problems was better )<QX2~m< regulation and supervision of ecotourism. The Galapagos Islands, where dk7x<$h-h0 visitor numbers are strictly controlled, is a good model
:q/s%`ob 41. Ecotourism is meant to ______. @fA{;@N A. have tourists help in the conservation of wildlife" vAM1|,U B.have wild species respond well to contact with human kwp%5C-S C. make wild species reduce stress and abnormal behavior #w''WOk@ZG D. make conservationists more concerned with wildlife x_3B) &9 42. According to New Scientist, many ecotourist Projects ______. @x1cV_s[ A. really encourage people to protect wi1dlife and its habit -7!L]BcZ. B. strictly follow environmentally friendly polices p-j6H C. actually lack proper examination and official approval N_92,xI# D. seriously damage the habitats of endangered species ^P,Pj z 43. What will happen to wildlife ultimately if the present XVNJK-B "ecotourism" practice goes on? .c>6}:ye It will disturb their life. * K$U[$s It will affect their health. 1V]ws}XW C. It will increase their stress. azFJ-0n@" D. It will threaten their survivalf e;v"d!H/ 45. According to the passage, a solution to the "ecotourism" problem N4x5!00 is to ______. `Hw][qy# A. encourage people to manage endangered species r],%:imGr B. reduce the exposure of wildlife to human beings^ &yP|t":HWX C. help wild animals increase their fitness ;39b.v\^ D. prevent wildlife from catching human disease ^P{y^@XI 答案 BDC BAA ACDB(仅供参考) ^/2HH
|
|