| chenxi3518 |
2011-03-16 00:27 |
福建医大 >R F|Q
博士研究生入学英语考试试卷 ,R[$S"]!SH
(2010. 5) ""-w M~^D
Part I. Reading Comprehension 5tl R rf
Directions: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET. ( 40 % ) % Ln`c.C
Passage One efQ8jO
For the first two-thirds of the 20th century, chemistry was seen by many as the science of the future. The potential of chemical products for enriching society appeared to be unlimited. Increasingly, however, and especially in the public mind, the negative aspects of chemistry have come to the fore. Disposal of chemical by-products at waste-disposal sites of limited capacity has resulted in environmental and health problems of enormous concern. The legitimate use of drugs for the medically supervised treatment of diseases has been tainted by the growing misuse of mood altering drugs. The very word chemical has come to be used all too frequently in a pejorative sense. There is, as a result, a danger that the pursuit and application of chemical knowledge may be seen as bearing risks that outweigh the benefits. U>PZ3
It is easy to underestimate the central role of chemistry in modern society, but chemical products are essential if the world’s population is to be clothed, housed and fed. The world’s reserves of fossil fuels (e.g. natural gas and coal) will eventually be exhausted, some as soon as the 21st century, and new chemical processes and materials will provide a crucial alternative energy source. The conversion of solar energy to more concentrated, useful forms, for example, will rely heavily on discoveries in chemistry. Long-term, environmentally acceptable solutions to pollution problems are not attainable without chemical knowledge. There is much truth in the aphorism that “chemical problems require chemical solutions”. Chemical inquiry will lead to a better understanding of the behavior of both natural and synthetic materials and to the discovery of new substances that will help future generations better supply their needs and deal with their problems. Bg~ ]u+c*
Progress in chemistry can no longer be measured only in terms of economical utility. The discovery and manufacture of new chemical goods continue to be economically feasible but must be environmentally acceptable as well. The impact of new substances on the environment can now be assessed before large-scale production begins, and environmental compatibility has become a valued property of new materials. For example, compounds consisting of carbon fully bonded to chlorine and fluorine, called chlorofluorocarbons ( or Freons ), were believed to be ideal for their intended use when they were first discovered. They are nontoxic, nonflammable gases and volatile liquids that are very stable. These properties led to their widespread use as solvents, refrigerants and propellants in aerosol containers. Time has shown, however, that these compounds decompose in the upper regions of the atmosphere and the decomposition products act to destroy stratospheric ozone. Limits have now been placed on the use of chlorofluorocarbons, but it is impossible to recover the amounts already into the atmosphere.
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The chlorofluorocarbon problem illustrates how difficult it is to anticipate the overall impact that new materials can have on the environment. Chemists are working to develop methods of assessment, and prevailing chemical theory provides the working tools. Once a substance has been identified as hazardous to the existing ecological balance, it is the responsibility of chemists to locate that substance and neutralize it, limiting the damage it can do or removing it from the environment entirely. Inevitably, the harmful effects of some substances will outweigh their benefits, and their use will have to be limited. Yet, the positive impact of chemistry on society as a whole seems beyond doubt.
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The word “tainted” in the first paragraph most probably means _________________. -%` ~3*L
A) abandoned B) limited C) secured D) spoiled << >+z5D+
2. The third paragraph is mainly about ________________. ~ n]5iGz
A) the harmful effects of chlorofluorocarbons on the environment *?X &Y8Kf
B) the necessity to ensure the environmental compatibility of new chemical substances #%E`~&[
C) the economic feasibility of new chemical substances [9">
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D) the objective assessment of the progress in chemistry
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3. According to this passage, chemistry ________________________. Ce}`z
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A) produces more harmful effects than beneficial ones
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B) produces no more harmful effects than beneficial ones c [Fc3
C) is no longer unanimously regarded as the science of the future ,R{&x7
D) is not worth pursuing persistently X"{%,]sb G
4. The proper title for this passage should be _______________________. *J-p AN
A) The Positive Impact of Chemistry O)dnr 8*
B) The Harmful Effects of Chemicals 0<m7:D
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C) Progress in Chemistry d1D
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D) Chemistry and Society Cf[tNq
5. What does the word “neutralize” in the last paragraph mean? v,-T k=qP
A) Take away the effect of. Q#p)?:o/
B) Make neutral. W3.[d->X
C) Be central. $nE{%?n-#
D) Realize. 2w.FC
Passage Two f+ r>ur}\)
In the human species individuals are equipped with fewer instincts than is the case in many nonhuman species. And, as already noted, they are born cultures. Therefore, an infant Homo sapiens must learn a very great deal and acquire a vast number of conditional reflexes and habit patterns in order to live effectively, not only in society but in a particular kind of socio-cultural system. Be it Tibetan, Eskimo, or French. This process, taken as a whole, is called socialization—the making of a social being out of one that was at birth wholly individualistic and egoistic. wo`.sB&T
Education in its broadest sense may properly be regarded as the process by which the culture of a socio-cultural system is imposed upon the plastic, receptive infant. It is this process that makes continuity of culture possible. Education, formal and informal, is the specific means of socialization. By informal education is meant the way a child learns to adapt his behavior to that of others, to be like others, to become a member of a group. By formal education is meant the intentional and more or less systematic effort or affect the behavior of others by transmitting elements of culture to them, be it knowledge or belief, patterns of behaviors, or ideals and values. These attempts may be overt or covert. The teacher may make his purpose apparent, even emphatic, to the learner. But much education is effected in an unobtrusive way, without teacher or learner being aware that culture is being transmitted. Thus, in myths and tales, certain characters are presented as heroes or villains; certain traits are extolled, others are deplored or denounced. The impressionable child acquires ideals and values, an image of the good or the bad. %L.S~dN 6
The growing chill is immersed in the fountain of informal education constantly; the formal education tends to be periodic. Many socio-cultural systems distinguish rather sharply a series of stages in the education and development of full-fledged men and women. First there is infancy, during which perhaps the most profound and enduring influences of a person’s life are brought to bear. Weaning ushers in a new stage, that of childhood, during which boys and girls become distinguished from each other. Puberty rites transform children men and women. These rites vary enormously in emphasis and content. Sometimes they include whipping, isolation, scarification, or circumcision. Very often the ritual is accompanied by explicit instruction in the mythology and lore of the tribe and in ethical codes. Such rituals as confirmation and Bar mitzvah in modern Western culture belong to the category of puberty rites, |Rf j
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With marriage come instruction and admonition, appropriate to the occasion, from elder relatives and, in more advanced cultures, form priests. In some socio-cultural systems men may become members of associations or sodalities: men’s clubs, warrior societies, secret societies, magic or medicine. In some cases it is said that in passing through initiation rites a person is “born again”. Women also may belong to sodalities, and in some instances they may become members or secret, magical societies along with men. b-& rMM L
6. It is improper to say that a newborn infant is ___________________. lju5+0BSb
A) unsophisticated Ij#mm j NW
B) self-centered wiN0|h>,
C) unconventional )U\i7[k>
D) enlightened !`{?qQ[=
7. What’s the second paragraph mainly about? tb&?BCp
A) the plastic, receptive infant. s-CAo~,
B) the education and development of a mature adult. [(n5-#1S
C) the explanation for the idea that education is the specific means of socialization. \Tz|COG5h\
D) the differences between formal and informal education. o9xc$hX}
8. What does the word “usher” in the third paragraph most probably mean?
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A) creates. B) escorts. C) introduces. D) shows. uc,>VzdB
9. It is implied in the passage that __________________. Mq91HmC(@
A) no creatures other than human being have any instincts Q `bXsH
B) the period of informal education for a boy does not begin until he reaches puberty )?72 +X
C) the period of formal education never lasts so long as to cover the whole life of an individual t!\aDkxo %
D) no growing child can escape whipping, isolation, scarification, and circumcision :%gc Sm
10. Which statement is true according to the text? 4u5j
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A) By informal education is not meant the way a child learns to adapt his behavior to that of others, to be like others, to become a member of a group. 0/ QDfA?
B) The formal education tends to be periodic. od!44p]
C) Growing child is sure to suffer from whipping, isolation, circumcision. phDIUhL$z
D) Women also belong to sodalities, but the societies of their own. U 4d7-&U
Passage Three I!/EQO|
Has the quick pace of modern living gotten you down? Has your life grown too complicated? Has the quest for more money and more excitement become an obsession? Surveys show that a lot of Americans are feeling overwhelmed by their responsibilities. In their wild search for fulfillment, they’ve gotten themselves into situations in which they feel like they’re on a treadmill and can’t get off. .w4| $.H
Among many couples, both husband and wife work because they claim they have to make end meet. Granted, in this society with its wide difference of income, it often takes two breadwinners in a family to survive. But in other cases, what people are really saying is that they have to pay for the luxuries to which they’ve grown accustomed—the extravagant vacations, boats, new cars, brand-name clothes, expensive house, costly memberships in the golf club, the motor homes. Qy:yz
But as Paul reminds us in the Bible, we didn’t bring anything into this world, and we won’t take anything with us when we leave. People who want to be rich fall into all sorts of traps and temptations. They are caught by foolish and harmful desires that drag them down. +Ug &
Many of us pride ourselves on never having an idle moment. Yet when there is no time for quiet, there is no time for the soul to grow. The man who walks through the countryside sees much more than the one who runs. :3M ,]W]
The British philosopher Bertrand Russell said once, “A certain power of enduring boredom is essential to a happy life.” He pointed out that the lives of most great men have not been exciting except at rare moments, nor did the great men of the past travel widely. Kant, the famous 18th-century German philosopher, never got more than ten miles from his home in Konigsberg in Prussia. Darwin, after going around the world, spent the rest of his life in his own house. Socrates would mainly just take a walk in the afternoon and meet a few friends along the way. Jesus, according to the Bible, never left the confines of tiny Palestine. %/2
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A happy life, said Russell, must be to a great extent a quiet life “for it is only an atmosphere of quiet that true joy can live.” e,OXn gC
11. According to the author, in many families, both husband and wife work because __________. 3Y P! B=
A) they want to make ends meet 6O/ L~Z*t
B) they want to live an extravagant life cEHpa%_5
C) they are overwhelmed by responsibilities u/W{JPlL
D) they are obsessed with work 7b1
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12. By quoting Paul in the Bible, the author means __________________. Q^{TcL8
A) foolish desires plunge men into ruin and destruction /,I?"&FWc
B) people should be content with simple living ^fKKsfIf
C) pursuit of money is contrary to human nature n*GB`I*g
D) rich people will not be happy $idToOkw
13. By saying “The man who walks through the countryside sees much more than the one who runs”, the author means ________________. ; FlDRDZ%
A) one should idle through one’s life y6am(ugE
B) one should leave some time for thinking 0^{Tq0Ri[
C) one should walk rather than run if he wants to enjoy the country scenery
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D) one should balance work with leisure g,E)F90
14. According to Bertrand Russell, if one wants to be happy, ________________. C=c&.-Nb9
A) he should not get excited except in rare moments O #tmB?n*
B) he should not travel widely < c @d E
C) he should live a quiet life TFbc@rfB
D) he should live in the confines of his native town tqA-X[^
15. We can infer from the passage that the quick pace of modern life ______________. f$ /C.E
A) has left many people depressed [ GknE#p
B) has provided many people with great excitement {(-TWh7V
C) has given many people the opportunity for self-fulfillment (q"S0{
D) has resulted in a rapid increase in psychological illnesses bIt{kzuQC
Passage Four <mLU-'c@
A few years ago, a query about the health of a person’s hard disk drive would have been met with a blank stare. Nowadays, almost everyone is aware of this remarkable electronic storage medium that is part of every modern computer, even though most users remain ignorant of the complexity of hard drive technology. !6.LSY,E
In the early days of computing, an information record of a computer’s memory content was kept on punched cards similar to the way in which an automated piano stores the keynote sequences on a piano roll. Later, magnetic tape was used to store electronic signals, and is still the favored means of economically backing up the contents of hard drives. However, accessing information sequentially stored on tape is slow since the electronic data must be input through a fixed head in single pass. "7 alpjwb
Hard disk drives solve this problem by incorporating a spinning platter on which magnetic data can be made accessible via a moving head that reads and writes information across the width of the disk. It is analogous to the way in which a person can choose to play a particular track on a CD player by causing the arm to move the head across the disk. The CD player is, in fact, necessarily similar in design to a hard drive, although there are significant differences in speed of data access. Gyu = }
Most modern hard drives incorporate several platters to further reduce the time spent seeking the required information. Also, some newer drives have two heads; one for reading, and a second head for writing data to disk. This separation of tasks enables much higher densities of magnetic information to be written on the platter, which increased the capacity of the hard drive. -{3^~vW|<
There are three important ways in which the capacity of hard disks has been increased. First, the data code itself has been tightened with express coding techniques. Second, as previously noted, the head technology has been improved; and third, the distance between the heads and the platters has been greatly reduced, It is hard to believe, but the head can be made to pass over the magnetized platter at distances of less than 1 micro-inch ( the width of a typical human hair is 500 micro-inches ). This is achieved by means of a special protective coating applied to the platter. Each of these three improvements enables speedier access to the data. un6W|{4]
Hard drives are more commonplace than tape recorders these days, but it must be remembered that they are much more fragile. Treated with respect they may last a number of years, but they are quite easily damaged, often with disastrous consequences for the user, whose precious data can become lost forever. Dropping a drive is almost always fatal, as is passing an incorrect electrical current through one ( by faulty connection ). Dust and even extremes of temperature can cause failure. Yet, no physical damage can ever result from the input of data via the keyboard or mouse. Of course, over time the magnetized coating on the platter will erode, yet this is almost entirely independent of the amount of use. 6wiuNGZb
There are serious questions being raised about the direction of the future of electronic storage media. Some researchers claim that it would be wiser to invest more time and money in setting up systems for streaming data across networks of computers from centralized banks of information storage. This would avoid the need for each personal computer user to have his or her own copy of a software program resident on a local hard drive. Personal data files could be kept at central storage unit, and be suitably protected from disaster by a fail safe backup system. F[ ^ p~u{
As the Internet becomes ever more pervasive, and the speed of access to other machines increases across our telephone lines, it might be possible to do away with local storage systems altogether. <c` ,fd8
16. Magnetically coated disks are one of many types of ___________________. ^CwS'/fdN
A) sequential access information systems =w7k@[Bq
B) information storage solutions R{4[.
C) tape storage solutions g[2[
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D) CD players gO~ >*q &
17. Connecting a hard drive incorrectly usually __________________. :)_P7k`>e/
A) results in excess temperature yOjTiVQ9
B) erodes the magnetized material on the platters USf;}F:-C
C) damages the keyboard or mouse /4BYH?*
D) destroys the drive
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18. Keyboard or mouse use can easily cause ___________________. q[Y* .%~
A) incorrect electrical currents 1p>&j%dk
B) the magnetized coating on the platter to wear out Re\V<\$J
C) physical damage to the disk drive o AS ' Z|
D) none of the above 4p
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19. In the future, a computer user might be able to access personal data files from ____________. {-c[w&q
A) a central storage unit wCr+/" t
B) a local hard drive @n=FSn6 c
C) a software program ~f2-%~
D) the local bank !P:~oo =
20. Centralized banks of information storage could ___________________. $uNYus^vS
A) offer better protection of a user’s data files bD cWPwe
B) stream data across telephone lines o@\q 6xl .
C) mean the end of local storage systems q(@hYp#O"3
D) all of the above h "r)z6Q/
Part II Vocabulary ( 15% ) 0/%VejZ'
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. Choose the one that best complete the sentence. And write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. Yg7C"3;Vt
21. You should dry-clean curtains if possible, as they are less likely to ________________. ^$O,Gy) V
A) diminish B) shrink C) decrease D) reduce
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22. Einstein was a man of uncommonly _____________ intelligence. +l$BUX
A) abnormal B) ambient C) ambitious D) acute \xaK?_hv
23. He is here because ignorance and bigotry are ____________, and it is a mighty strong combination. Y_
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A) rampant B) visual C) vaccine D) cozy Co>=<\yi
24. So monstrous a ____________ in evaluation requires us to examine basic principles. b jJ2 12 J
A) discrepancy B) kerosene C) ivory D) jeopardy ugt|'i
25. Now the vital British industry is more in ____________ than ever before. Y f(QU`w_
A) philosophy B) criterion C) peril D) calamity vvG#O[| O
26. Every time I do this, I say I won’t go through that ____________ again. -d
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A) apron B) armor C) agony D) apparatus 5Y97?n+6
27. After years of negotiation, an international agreement to conserve ___________ species and ecosystems has finally been changed. 2^7VDqLc
A) ventilated B) imperiled C) utilized D) modified 7fJWb )z!k
28. The judges at the show __________ her a blue ribbon for her courage. DrB PC@^
A) awarded B) granted C) assigned D) denoted 'e> 0*hF[
29. The embarrassed young mother ____________ her children for having taken the candy from the grocery shelf. wg= ge]E5
A) reminded B) rebuked C) recalled D) rebelled Hh8)d/D
30. A human eye includes a controlling ___________ which can increase or reduce the amount of light entering the eye. y\&`A:^[ A
A) device B) mechanism C) detector D) organism ?8Hr
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31. He was ___________ of having failed, since he made a promise to win championship when he left his motherland for this game. %9A6c(L
A) ashamed B) humiliated C) shaming D) shameful rBZ 0(XSZQ
32. She and her nurse got down on their knees and ______________ floors and walls. Z;Qb qMj
A) screwed B) scratched C) scrubbed D) scraped }Z_w8+BZ
33. Half an hour after they had started, it _________ to rain hard, and a bitter cold wind sprang up. {\L /?#
A) commended B) commenced C) commanded D) commented tQ:)j^\
34. May be we’d better have the party the day after tomorrow, instead of on Saturday. I’ll ___________ to find out who is free to come. 8I'c 83w
A) ring for B) ring up C) ring off D) ring around O &?i8XsB
35. “Jerry’s illness was ____________ by lack of heat and care last night.” The doctor concluded. _s
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A) aggravated B) infected C) inflicted D) maltreated COa" z g
36. There are five ___________ mistakes in this movie. Can you find them and win a prize? H 1>}E5^?
A) deliberate B) presumptuous C) intensive D) instrumental a 8Jn.!
37. The thief __________ himself __________ by spending so much money on luxurious food and expensive clothes. VSCOuNSc
A) gave in / to B) gave / away C) gave / off D) gave / out lmZ Ssx
38. If you are under 18, you are not __________ to join this club. Please show me your valid certificate. R*D0 A@
A) eligible B) available C) legitimate D) permissible %W=S*"e-
39. The middle aged woman has been __________ with a serious illness for half a year; she is dying now. f YR*B0tu
A) laid down B) laid off C) laid up D) laid in wvum 7K{tI
40. The _________ question on this case is whether the accused had a motive for this crime or not. X/fk
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A) forcible B) supreme C) valuable D) crucial LoQm&3/
41. This village which is surrounded by mountain is only ___________ by river, it is obviously that the transportation is inconvenient. xZ } 1dq8
A) attainable B) available C) achievable D) accessible SNB >
42. To replace all the body water in urine and ____________, health experts say grown persons should drink about two liters of liquids each day. E4aCL#}D
A) perspiration B) reconciliation C) recourse D) trolley #y"E hwF
43. Too many wives like to help the husband’s career and are _________ when it is not appreciated. b/='M`D}#G
A) warranted B) dismayed C) waxed D) rioted JB~79Lsdz
44. His frustrated career ___________ his toughness, while his profession as doctor made him humane. K)c`
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A) deduced B) decayed C) tempered D) curved C3 ^QNhv
45. With the ________ of a educational policy that provides at least ten years of general education to all children, 95% of children have been enrolled in secondary schools since 1996. 1CFTQ B >
A) fluctuation B) detachment C) implementation D) capacitance { %ZD ^YSA
46. Losing patience, I swatted the intruder to the ground and ___________ it into the sand with my boot.
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A) crunched B) matched C) lulled D) traversed 6C> "H
47. It is shocking to read Johnson’s words from the 1960s. He spoke ___________ about “white guilt” and “equality of result.” Nh7 +Vl
A) crossly B) discreetly C) tenderly D) bluntly R87-L*9B^0
48. It is impossible to say how it will take place, because it will happen ___________, and it will not be a long process. i>w'$ {
A) consequently B) spontaneously C) approximately D) principally !N- -
49. This furnace cost a lot of money; _________, it should perform perfectly. B>}=x4- 8
A) besides B) moreover C) nevertheless D) accordingly Mvq5s +.
50. I always feel she held a grudge ___________ me, although I don’t know what wrong I have done her. A` x_M! m
A) on B) to C) against D) in 8y5iT?.~vy
Part III Cloze Test ( 10%) s *.CJ
Directions: Read the following passage. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
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Mental models guide our perceptions and help us make predictions. Most of our mental models are built 51 the structure of our nervous systems, and we are usually 52 of them. e)kN%JqW
We 53 the world not according to direct knowledge of reality, but according to mental models, which people often mistake 54 reality. For example, we all share a built-in mental model that the world is continuous, 55 our eyes tell us differently. This built-in mental model tells us what to “see” in a part of the eye that doesn’t 56 see anything. This “blind spot” model causes us to 57 made-up information ( a continuation of surrounding patterns ) and 58 that if we look at a previously hidden spot, it will look like its 59 . #;59THdtPk
Not all mental models are built in; some we learn or 60 . For example, most people believe that the automobiles driving down the street will not turn 61 the sidewalk and hit pedestrians. If we believe 62 , we would act like 63 squirrels, always stopping to look around and proceeding 64 no automobiles were operating nearby. w,fA-*bZ 0
We use mental models of our surroundings to perceive what we believe to be 65 and to predict what may happen. These mental models 66 to our surroundings—we have mental models of objects, of the environment, and of other people—and to our own capabilities and 67 . pJ Iq`)p5
All of our mental models are, unfortunately, approximations 68 in the lump of nervous tissue we call the brain. Sophisticated 69 the brain is, it is very small and simple compared with the 70 of the outside world. e"9 u}-Q@
51. A) by B) for C) into D) on zi7,?
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52. A) independent B) insensitive C) unaware D) unobservant 6 KuB<od
53. A) explore B) interpret C) analyze D) conquer SXfuPM
54. A) with B) about C) by D) for x9Veg4Z7
55. A) unless B) when C) if D) though 42X N*br
56. A) finally B) ultimately C) basically D) actually \~|+*^e )
57. A) disclose B) perceive C) conceive D) convey b i`{ k\3A
58. A) advocates B) verifies C) predicts D) preaches \ 8 v{9Yb
59. A) backgrounds B) surroundings C) circumstances D) environments 0Q^ -d+!
60. A) make out B) make up C) work out D) work up
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61. A) over B) across C) into D) onto 0?hJ!IT;q7
62. A) steadily B) firmly C) otherwise D) crosswise w E^6DNh
63. A) dazzled B) agitated C) amused D) frightened tHlKo0S$0
64. A) only that B) only if C) except that D) if only R% )ZhG*
65. A) true B) genuine C) logical D) virtual ;8z40cD
66. A) apply B) comply C) supply D) imply U40adP? a
67. A) fantasies B) efficiencies C) proficiencies D) tendencies [C)JI; \
68. A) contained B) rooted C) involved D) buried K:Mm?28s
69. A) that B) as C) if D) so 2
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70. A) necessities B) infinities C) complexities D) perplexities kkfwICBI
Part IV Short Answer Questions ( 10% ) "Uy==~
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (no more than 10 words). Then write them down on your ANSWER SHEET. n{oRmw-
Like many other small boys, I was fascinated by cars, not least because my oldest brother was a bit of a car guy and subscribed to cool magazines like Car and Driver and Motor Trend. Every so often, one of those magazines would run an article on the “Car of the Future.” They featured unconventional styling and things like small nuclear reactors as power sources. Yet, frankly, my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do. It goes, it stops, it burns gasoline, and it plays music. I still have to steer it, and it still runs into things if I don’t steer it carefully. N<bNJD}
But guess what? All of these things are subject to change in the not-so-distant future. It will still go and stop, but it may burn gasoline, I may not have to steer it, and it may be a lot better at not running into things. { =]1]IWt
Airbags aren’t the be-all and end-all in safety. In fact, considering the recent news about people occasionally being killed by their airbags in low-speed collisions, they obviously still need some development. But they aren’t going away, and in fact, you can expect to see cars appearing with additional, side-impact airbags, something some European car manufacturers already offer. 3m1]Ia -9
Better than systems to minimize injury in the event of an accident, however, are systems that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening in the first place, Future cars may be able to eliminate many of the major causes of accidents, including drunk-driving, tailgating and sleepiness. Cars could be equipped with sensors that detect alcohol in a driver’s system and prevent the car from being started, for example. Many accidents are caused by people following the car in front too closely. As early as next year, you’ll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control systems. If the radar determines you’re closing too quickly with the car in front, it will ease up on the throttle. For city streets, expect other radar devices that will give advance warning that the car in front of you has slowed abruptly and you should step on the brakes—or that may even brake for you. 99Jk<x
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Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves? There’s no reason to think it won’t be technically possible, and Mercedes is working on a system that can brake, accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own. Nobody really expects people to give up all control to their cars, but such systems could be used as failsafe systems to keep cars on the road and bring them safely to a stop even if the driver suddenly became disabled. uMW5F-~-+
71. Why was the author fascinated by cars? VT.BHZ
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72. What does the author mean by the sentence “my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do”? e~7h8?\.q
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_______________________________________________________________________________ >?b<)Q*<
73. What does the author think about airbags? Vg1!
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_______________________________________________________________________________ s^nP SY!
74. What will future cars do if the sensors detect alcohol in the driver’s system? CV <@Rg
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75. What does the author want to say in the last paragraph? 5 fGUJ[F=
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Part V Translation ( 10% ) I"*;f dm
Directions: Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.
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Stay Culturally Current I’m frequently amazed at how culturally parochial so many senior business and professional people are. Given the complex economic, cultural, and demographic global environment in which we operate, it is critical to stay tuned to larger cultural trends that affect the landscape and context of work. ^Pc>/lY$Q%
You should read outside your professional milieu. This means reading broadly, whether it be book reviews, international business magazines, or nonfiction in areas related to general social trends. Explore eclectic journals and newspapers or participate in online discussion groups. Stay in tune with pop culture and be engaged by viewpoints from different sectors of the economy and demographic groups. World and cultural events have a direct impact on your work. BV=L.*
Try to glean from these sources important trends that will affect how your work is carried out, new potential applications, sources of competition, and customs. Never before has public opinion played such an important role in day-to-day political and business decision-making. Pw4j?pv2
Sometimes, older people tell me they feel discriminated against because of their age. While that certainly happens, I find that some of these individuals are not on top of key trends, Being in tune with the Zeitgeist（时代精神）can help you establish personal relationships and manage your career more effectively. t(SSr M]
Part VI Writing ( 15% ) 6MC*2}W
Directions: Write an essay on “The Importance of Cross-cultural Communication” with no less than 150 words. The following information is for reference. ~;/\l=Xl
Enhancing cross-cultural-communication is important for a more open China in the 21st Century. QiU!;!s
Keeping the Chinese traditional culture and learning foreign cultures are the correct attitude we have to take in the cultural exchange. Q >gU(
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Part I Reading Comprehension v2<roG6.V
1 D 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 A 6 D 7 C 8 C 9 C 10 B 11 B 12 B 13 B 14 C 15A 16 B 17 D 18 D 19A 20 D WWF#&)ti
2Part II Vocabulary and Structure rN|c0N
21B 22D 23A 24A 25 C 26C 27B 28A 29D 30B 31D 32C 33B 34D 35A 36A 37B 38A 39C 40D k
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41D 42A 43B 44C 45C 46A 47D 48 B 49D 50C 06bl$%
Part III Cloze Test ;S+c<MSl
51C 52C 53B 54D 55A 56D 57B 58C 59B 60B 61D 62C 63D 64B 65A 66A 67D 68A 69B 70C {aq\sf;i{
Part IV Short Answer Questions b~ ?TDm7
71. He read exotic things about cars in his brother’s magazine. ki6`d?
72. The performance of cars has not changed much so far. H[ %F o
73. They are in need of further improvement. Hk-)fl#dr
74. They will not start. _t:cDXj
75. Cars will be able to drive themselves. qQ
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Part V Translation 8|[\Tp:;
跟上时代的文化潮流 我常常感到吃惊的是，很多资深商务和专业人员在文化上却是如此浅薄。我们在复杂的经济中进行运作，重要的是要保持适应那些影响我们工作环境和条件的文化大潮。 `4s5yNUi=
应该阅读你的职业范围以外的东西。这意味着，无论是书评、国际商务杂志，还是与社会总趋势有关的纪实文学，都要广泛阅读。要钻研兼收并蓄的期刊和报纸或参加网上讨论小组。要保持适应流行文化，关注不同经济部门和人口群体的观点。世界大事和文化事件都会直接影响你的工作。 h
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要竭力从这些源泉中搜集那些能够影响呢开展工作的重要动向、可能有的新的应聘目标、竞争对手和顾客。民意从来没有像现在这样在日常的政治和商务决策中起到如此重要的作用。 uPe4Rr
有时，老年人告诉我，他们感到受歧视，就是因为他们老了。这种情形确实存在，但我发现他们有些人确实跟不上时代潮流。与时代精神保持一致有助于你建立人际关系和更有效地开展业务。 GK}?*Lf s
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Answer Sheet e4NT
Part I Reading Comprehension 7|6tH@4Ub
1.____2._____3._____4._____5._____6._____7._____8._____9._____10._____ h~elF1dG
11.___12.____13.____14.____15.____16.____17.____18.____19._____20.____ PK C``+K i
2Part II Vocabulary and Structure > c 7/E
21.___22.____23.____24.____25.____26.____27.____28.____29._____30.____ bi!4I<E>k
31.___32.____33.____34.____35.____36.____37.____38.____39._____40.____ ^e8R 43w:!
41.___42.____43.____44.____45.____46.____47.____48.____49._____50.____ p)ta c*US
Part III Cloze Test CzzG
51.___52.____53.____54.____55.____56.____57.____58.____59._____60.____ lf|e8k U\f
61.___62.____63.____64.____65.____66.____67.____68.____69.____70.____ xpyb&A
Part IV Short Answer Questions K_`*ZV{r
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