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2007-07-02 11:14 |
考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式
考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 (S
k#x 6P~aW 开头万能公式: .!(,$'(@= 3ar=1_Ar
1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 }pMP!%| 有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! K8
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原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? l#D-q/k? 经典句型: /
l".}S A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) K1T1@ j It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. .Gizz</P~ (适用于自编名言) {r={#mO;p 更多经典句型: yjEI/9_ As everyone knows, No one can deny that… [kbC'Eh* 2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 GS\%mPZ 原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 "~u_\STn < 原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: R?
O-x9 According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college )YuRjBcp," students wanted to further their study after their graduation. C"6Amnj 看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: wms1IV%; Honesty a{h%DpG 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 z|ves&lRa Travel by Bike d,W/M(S 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 $#5klA Youth ~}BJ0P(VMc 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 UL+E,= Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? tNU-2r 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 <
CDA" 更多句型: )S^z+3p A recent statistics shows that … l '/N3&5 [*<.?9n)or 结尾万能公式: ! ,@ZQS dY8(nQG 1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 yz
?q(] 说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: M
EEAQd<* Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good E#8_hT]5 manners arise from politeness and respect for others. + 3h`UF 如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! sTkIR5Z 更多过渡短语: jo)6
%w] to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus H)E^!eo 更多句型: W2`.RF^ Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… >V(zJ 2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 P.cO6+jGR 如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! ZRnL_z~ Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve 1Y#HcW& the problem. Z'Q*L?E8M 这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? "}@i+oS 更多句型: [![ G7H%f Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. J*j5#V]; Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be K#!X><B' taken. kh3<V'
k] 写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 %k2FP
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: H8f]} As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is DL {R|3{N to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to P]Xbjs<p satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite mibpG9+d similar.
K'aWCscM 如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! FW#P*}# 强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 C#;@y|Rw 主 题 句原则 GX?*1 国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! R*9NR,C 特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! |TTS? To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully 'e@=^F
C prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, %WGuy@tL you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 &:3Z.G 一 二 三原则
so+4B1$)q 领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… KKEN'-3 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 =P`~t<ajB 1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) vfw A$7N 2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) M T6/2d 3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) s+Q;pRZW{ 4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, ]|U-y645 lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) l&W;b6L 5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) >MG(qi 6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) s-*._; 7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) l!
v!hUb+ 8)most important of all, moreover, finally }]+xFj9[> 9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 2p!"p`b~ 10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) `t(D! 建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 'dJ/RJ~ 写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: kKiA I cannot bear it. EQ<RDhC@b 可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. _S@aGw I want it. L}sx<=8.m 可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. .*YD&( 这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则
jS<_ ) 原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, o[1ylzk}+ humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital bKDA!R2 之类的形象词。再比如: q|.dez' 走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room 7KjUW\mN2Z 但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room o0It82?RN *****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room %Ym^{N 小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room x@>&IBiL 老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room ^U[D4UM 所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 CC^E_j T 1)加法(串联) kAA>FI6 都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, :G5uocVk 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: ^:=f^N=^ I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. {aYY85j 如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: ;gg\;i}^ Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. K(}AX+rIg 其它的短语可以用: PU<PhuMd
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover rN)V[5R#M
2)转折(拐弯抹角) "&.S&=FlI 批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 R(Kk{c:-@ The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. LwcIG
hy The coat was thin, but it was warm. N_pUv 更多的短语: b</9Ai= despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, @%ip7Y]e despite, notwithstanding W,^W^:m-x 3)因果(so, so, so) K14^JAdY/ 昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! M$4[)6Y The snow began to fall, so we went home. <
0M:"^f 更多短语: B~
S6R
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a j^tW
Iz result, for this reason, so that $d S@y+ 4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) u9+kLepOT 有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 g-c ;}qz 举例:This is what I can do. mm[2wfTE Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 2%RNq<{Z_ 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: t\P<X^d% When to go, Why he goes away… <@wj7\pQ 5)附加(多此一举) 8to8!( 如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 7>iU1zy The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. D8&`R I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. 3pf[M{dG Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. y[B>~m8$ 其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom ~'37`)]z or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 toN^0F?Qm 6)排比(排山倒海句) sGh(#A0Pt 文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! 1f",}qe; Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated JSh.]j<bJL or simple, there is plenty in London for you. (=D&A
<YX Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such W>-Et7&2 as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean .EM`. tides. 0TpK#OlI|c We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, [Nn`l, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) c'/l,k 要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 __mF?m 既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! \%UkSO\nO3 原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: 7{&
|;U The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb %v20~xW:o the Western Hills. y;/VB,4V Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about :
]C~gc three times that of China. n:MdYA5,m 如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! /Q,mJ.CnSR 文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 jy-{~xdg[ )GHq/:1W 思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! N-lkYL-%\j In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted ]U"94S U:) every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as 13taFVdU sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. 1GzAG;UUo6 For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will 6Ybg^0m ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the x7O-Y~[2 seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. |\pbir 更多句型: !qG7V:6 To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, 1I:+MBGin for example二、做比较 :O uA)f 方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; =?!wXOg_ 世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through 5{g?,/( comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: e%b6(% 相似的比较: wb0L.'jyR) in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner {
;2PL^i 相反的比较: kGl~GOB
a on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, Hj}K{20 nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …,
c
Vc- …三、换言之
094o'k 没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 %$.3V#? 实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! -Ps!LI{@ I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. #AJM6* G9 I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love gDpVeBd[ with you. EFM5,gB.m 或者上面我们举过的例子: T{-CkHf
9Q I cannot bear it. yd
d7I&$ 可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. Tw-;7Ae 因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with gtppv6<Mj4 it or I am fed up with it. &OH={Au 更多短语: W:pIPDx1=! in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more cQ
R]le%( simply
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