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2015-07-19 10:55 |
2015年考博英语语法详解大全
(一)考博英语语法:独立主格 Jk=d5B 1. 充当句子的状语。 ARa9Ia{@ 2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 M{M?#Q 3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 6l?\iE 4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) DX4"}w 例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. O-YB+~"3Z b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. \:d|'r8OCM c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). x#&%lJT 真题剖析 Odj4) (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. D4W^{/S 45. A. For a>/jW-? B. As D"+xF& C. With c=A)_Z
Fg D. Because 7SpF& 练习: _'47yq^O Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. YQk<1./}I 8. A. is "lJ[H=\ B. having 6Jf\}^4@k C. being %knPeo& D. be 9x0Ao*D<t +r
2\v (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 4,pS C 虚拟语气(2) A(>kp=~ 1. (should)+动词原形 rM?ox
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 G[=8Ko0U+n It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 y
At,XG3 It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 BXf.^s{H 部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 Pxn;]!Z# 2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 (Mw<E<f would rather +动词过去式 NhDM h8=$^ 真题剖析 M~1 n# (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … (YJ]}J^ 47. A. do @94_'i7\ B. did 4&c7^ 4w~ C. don’t C/!c? $J D. didn’t &sRjs (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. jGtoc,\X 53. A. ordered (y xrK B. pleaded A%G
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AT C. decided @fH?y Z=> D. demanded lTh}0t 练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. .7HnWKUV 15. A. took qOKC2WD B. would take DfCo= C. will take W1UG\d`2 D. should take Q\DD^Pbq (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. -k19BDJ,W (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) k-(hJ}N 54.A. shall ZhWtY B.will &&w7- C.would Eu
AJ.n xpf\S10e D.should TT429 U~SOHfZ%( (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ?^F#}>C 动名词、分词、不定式。 Vvw
Qz#S 主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ?D#]g[6 发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) >Hr0ScmN@" To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 {.We%{4V 真题剖析
>mT< AQ (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. g5)f8k0+ t 60. A. dropped -IR9^) B. to drop Ah_'.r1<P9 C. dropping Riq5Au?*) D.drops 7oPBe1P,K+ (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. OC'cP[$ _ 59. A. destructive ku*|?uF B. dissatisfied 63QSYn,t _Y*:
l7 C. damaged G }<q D. derivative $-VW)~Sl [IxZweK (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 (tEW#l'} 1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 5:f}bW* How you got there doesn’t concern me. 8zz-jkR Growing vegetables needs constant watering. r]'AdJFt 2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 muQ7sJ9
r Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 9dw02bY` 3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 G%anot 4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 ;W#G<M&n' Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). nF}]W14x 5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 }6eWdm!B Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 1K,bmb xRt If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外)
<acAc2 6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) [HIg\N$I8C He no less than John is interested in literature. 33couAP# 7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) \VPU) Either my father or my brothers are coming. GVY_u@6 8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 9n!3yZVSe Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. >'Nrvy%&0 真题剖析 +S|y)W8 (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. Qd]-i3^0 53. A. none R^dAwt`.D B. few X>F/0/ C. any ^`=Z=C$fj D. some s<z{ (a :!3CoC.X|c (五)考博英语语法:倒装 LUKdu&M 全部倒装 ^b;.zhp8;N 1. “There (Here) +be+主语” ~b8U#'KD There stand big buildings in this district. b)$<aFl Here on the desk lies a pile of books. )#Y*] 2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) L4}C%c\p* In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. O,9KhX
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