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2016-07-27 21:49 |
2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇
医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到,平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义,freekaobo将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类,希望考生们平日多累积记忆。 ;'xd8Jf 一、肺 Lung {ZrB,yK 清晰 clear kr6^6I. 肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows *m9,_~t 肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings (v$$`zh 钙化灶 calcified >5+]~[S 空洞 cavitation ~<&47'D 球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion) M~#%
[?iU 小块阴影区 a minimal area of density of>"qrdZ 散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows K^fH:pV 边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density ^lCQHz 圆形致密影 a round density t ]yD95| 胸膜增厚 pleural thickening o6~9.~_e 肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle ~76qFZe- 横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement 0'O*Y
]h+ 包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion K%/:V 液气胸 hydropneumothorax 'AjDB:Mt$ 纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement 56Gc[<nR 肺门模糊 hilar haze BV`,~n: 肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density H^
\2,x Z 肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction) `OWw
<6`k 阴影性状 shadow jQLiqi` 淡的 haziness "Ooc;xD3< 云雾状 clouding E8QY6 gKF 线装 streaky _Bhm\|t 絮状 patcky IU*w'a 结节状 nodular ;`P}\
Q{ 块状 massive y@?t[A#v 粟粒状 miliary j/<z[qr 融合状 confluent /5Zt4&r 均匀的 homogeneous _RcFV 二、心脏 Heart L[s8`0 左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement 4v("qNw# 主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta %]15=7#'y 主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart PF4"J^V 肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment Qso"jYl< 肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery D^~G(m;- 心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow 1VD8y_tC 左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement o :tz_5 左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation KNw{\Pz~w 靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart Q-:IE
T 主动脉钙化 calcification of aorta W$X@DXT=o 心腰部 waist of heart
UFLN/ 垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart =gjq@N]lAW 三、腹部平片 KUB film bim
82<F 结石 calculus >P/Nb]C 钙化影 calcified shadow 7kZ-`V|\. 阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern k]<E1 c/ 液气平面 gas-fluid level M#PutrH 膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air V
#Px 四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination g,0u_$U 胃肠造影 gastroenterography 1Y-m=~J7 双重对比造影 double contrast radiography w>q:&Q 食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign .1&~@e%=- 十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression) *yx&4)Or 小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine n4YedjHSN 结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon \
M_}V[1+ 胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time 4KkjBPV 胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach [9:'v@Ph 充盈缺损 filling defect RKY~[IQ, 黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds P9\!JH! 张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity) D]s8w 球部激惹现象 irritable cap b"t<B2N 蠕动增强 vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis) n]N+ 蠕动减弱 bradydiastalsis krw_1Mm 蠕动消失 aperistalsis Dj~]] 排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation y$]gmg 跳跃现象 skipping phenomenon
UA{tmIC\ 黏膜增宽和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold ,EAf/2C 黏膜皱襞平坦 flat mucosal fold \1AtBc& 五、胆道 bile tract >z`^Q[ 口服胆囊造影 oral cholecystography Z]1=nSv 静脉胆管胆囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography Nf#8V|
经T形管胆囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography !F|mCEU 经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) lYS+EVcR 胆总管扩张dilated common duct $ON4
nx 胆囊浓缩功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily Vu%XoI)<KY 胆囊显影不好,浓缩功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately 3N'f Hy 收缩功能 contractibility 6%p$C
oR 六、骨骼skeleton wc3OOyP@0 骨皮质增厚 cortical thickening of bone C/JeD-JG 洋葱皮样改变 “onion skin” appearance &?],uHB?d 骨膜反应 periosteal reaction Tr^Egw] 骨质疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction) ;>eD`Wh 骨化 ossification ]
kN<N0;\d 畸形 deformity 62R94
缩短 shortening J H%^FF2 移位 displacement ,s%1#cbR 脱位 luxation 4>uy+"8PO 半脱位 subluxation 1N`1~y 连接不正 malunion ];-DqK' 青枝骨折 greenstick fracture ^1a/)Be{_ 多发性骨折 multiple fracture ad\?@>[I 病理性骨折 pathological fracture -:hiLZJ7- 关节间隙 joint space 9 >t 椎间隙 intervertebral space '`-W!g[
> 肋软骨钙化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage h6*&1
r 骨质软化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis) %uuh+@/&yz 骨质增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis ArFs
r 死骨 sequestrum m3apeIEi[ 骨质坏死 bone necrosis kQ,#NR/q6 关节肿胀(破坏;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint B! `Dj,_ 关节强直 ankyloses h>'9-j6B 骨骺分离 epiphyseal separation pjC2jlwm* 对线良好 good alignment X5@SLkJ-` 对位良好 good apposition 61Z#;2] 七、泌尿系统 urological system 4%8}vCs 静脉肾盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP) thoAEG80 逆行肾盂造影 retrograde pyelography hX-([o 萎缩 atrophy y_^w| 移位 deformity 9,?\hBEu 扭曲 distortion dmq<vVxC 充盈缺损 filling defect M18H1e@Al 狭窄 stricture 4H7
3a5f 不透光的(透光的)结石 opaque(translucent) stone 63s<U/N 八、X线检查位置 ?[$=5? 前后位 anteroposterior projection ;2o+|U@ 后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection p^2"g~ 侧位 lateral projection g$&uD 立位 upright position }E01B_T9z 斜位 oblique projection ep"YGx[V 右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection lpW|GFG 前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection 87/!u]q 前凸位 lordotic position projection '64&'.{#>r 轴位 axial position 4$~]t:n 头位 cranial projection |{#=#3X 尾位 caudal projection .YvE
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