2017考博英语完形填空：四类语法考点解题方法

一、 动词题解题方法
　　1.看主语，注意主谓搭配一致。
　　a.看主语是人还是物.
　　主语必须是人的动词:believe,doubt,intend,require,respect,regard,
　　be impressed by,notice,present.
　　主语必须是物的:manifest
　　2.主谓一致原则
　　Too often, careless use of words 1 a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener.
　　1.[A] encourages [B] prevents [C] destroy [D] offers
　　A.鼓励 D.提供,求婚. 单数
　　3.看宾语，注意动宾搭配一致。
　　a.看宾语是具体名词还是抽象名词。
　　He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 44 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 1 the soil.
　　1.[A] enhance [B] mix [C] feed [D] raise
　　D.Raise 养活 a.提高增强 enhance+抽象名词如效率，质量。
　　enhance+抽象名词;feed，label，fasten+具体名词;Tighten+抽象具体都可以。
　　In a significant 1 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor,
　　1.[A] tightening [B] intensifying [C] focusing [D] fastening
　　动名词+of+宾语=动词+宾语。同义原则a和d
　　b. 看宾语是人还是物。
　　宾语只能是人的动词，assure，impress，side with，share with，confide to，Credit sth. to sb
　　宾语既可以是人有可以是物的动词:ensure, agree with.
　　Concerns were raised 1 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 50 guilty verdict.有罪判决.
　　1.[A] assure [B] confide [C] ensure [D] guarantee
　　同义原则a,c,d.assure sb .of sth. Asure sb.that.
　　c.根据主语和宾语的逻辑关系来判定动词.(考的比较少,但是未来的发展方向.)
　　Changes economy fewer jobs.
　　A.lead to b.amount to
　　D.从及物和不及物的角度出发做题.重点不及物,及物动词太多了.词组也存在及物和不及物的.
　　E.根据动词后的介词及介词短语解题.
　　laid down that everybody was 1 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.
　　1.[A] authorized [B] credited [C] entitled [D] qualified
　　To是介词
　　F.考虑句子中能够对动词过程限制的成分.(一般只形容词)
　　In order to old agricultural implements。
　　A.purchase b. supplement c.replace.
　　背东西时就要注意这些的方向.
二、名词题解题方法
　　名词题的规律：
　　A. 名词作主语时,谓语和标语就是线索.
　　B. 名词是宾语是谓语东西就是线索.
　　C. 根据名词前后介词判断.名词和介词的固定搭配就是.
　　Approach to, key to, answer to ,confidence in,confident of. Specialist in,attitude to/toward ,research into,by contrast. purpose for
　　d.当名词后出现定语从句或者同位语从句，从句是线索。将是名词的重要发展方向。
　　_11__ when homeless individuals manage to find a __12__ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day __13__ the street.
　　12. [A] lodging [B] shelter [C] dwelling [D] house
　　A.旅店 b.避难所.救济所. C栖息地
　　E.通过已有名词判定所选名字.
　　39 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said the 41 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 42 to Parliament.
　　39.[A]Release [B] Publication [C] Printing [D] Exposure
　　Exposure to 曝光,暴露,接触 c.印刷 letter是单数.a.发行.发行要很多的.b.发表.
　　三、形容词题解题方法
　　A. 形容词做标语时,主语就是线索.
　　B. 有副词对形容词进行修饰时,副词就是线索.
　　2001 Human Rights legally 44 in Britain, laid down that(和法律有关系)
　　44.[A] binding [B] convincing [C] restraining [D] sustaining
　　c.有多个修饰成分同时修饰一个名词，答案就在修饰成分中。
　　2001 will introduce a 33 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 34 and will strictly control the amount of 35 that can be given to a case 36 a trial begins.
　　33.[A]sketch [B] rough [C] preliminary [D] draft
　　Bill受到前面和后面定语从句的修饰。33前面的选择取决于后面的定语从句。
　　C. 形容词修饰名词是,名词就是线索
　　. 39 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said(抗议)
　　40.[A]storm [B] rage [C] flare [D] flash
　　Rage愤怒,语义重复, flare 一闪而过的光 flash 一闪而过的光(同义原则本题失手)
　　四、副词题解题方法
　　A. 利用主旨做题
　　B. 同义原则.
　　C.利用时态做题.瞬间性的副词不能用在进行时态之中的
　　it is 47 changing the relationship between people and their jobs.
　　47.[A] instantly(瞬间) [B] reversely [C] fundamentally [D] sufficiently(也不能)
　　What是绿叶,what三大特点
　　A. what引导主宾表从句.
　　B. What前部能用名词.不引导定语和同位语从句.
　　C. What 后面的从句不完整.d.从句不完整,98%定语从句,1%what从句,1%省略式的状语从句.定语从句和状语从句缺少的成分不同,定语从句缺少的是名词和状语,省略是状语从句缺少的是动词和主语,大部分从句是完整的.
　　注意事项
　　完形填空解题顺序：先看选项在看文章。
　　完形填空解题原则：1.红花绿叶原则，2.逻辑关系题目。3.同义原则。4杀熟原则 5.固定搭配和从句。
　　第一步：not题(找not，两个句子间前否后肯，前肯后否。选项前后对立逻辑关系词汇)
　　第二步：and题目，
　　第三步：标语题。
　　第四步：复现词。
　　第五步：v n adj adv
　　第六步：概率原则
　　固定搭配考的比较多的:中心词是动词的固定搭配.从句原则which不能引导定语从句要用that,if-whether.
　　定语从句永远不能省略动词。

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