plmm_101 |
2007-08-30 20:19 |
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X Contend ²«¶·£»Õù¶á (compete against sb. in order to gain sth.) Y('#jU Compete ±ÈÈü£»¾ºÕù (try to be more successful than another person or organization in business) h"Q8b}$^) compete with sb. for sth. / compete for office£¨Õù¶á¹«Ö°£© / against !hy-L_wL] Struggle ¶·Õù (try hard to achieve sth.) struggle against difficulties/ struggle for freedom UnV.~ u~ Conflict ¶·Õù £¨Á½Öֹ۵㡢ÐÅÑö²»ÄÜͬʱ´æÔÚ£¬²»Äܶ¼ÕýÈ·¡££©a conflict of opinion £¨·ÖÆ磩; The two accounts of what had happened conflicted with each other.£¨¹ØÓÚ·¢ÉúµÄÊÂÇ飬Á½¸ö±¨µÀ½ØÈ»²»Í¬¡££© <2x^slx)? O+]ZyHnB Hinder: make it difficult for sb. to do sth. Or for sth.to develop K
YI/ High invest rates will hinder economic growth. "m8^zg hL Preclude: (formal) prevent sth. or make sth. impossible ~jk|4`I?T Age alone will not preclude him from standing as a candidate. 9:|{6_Y Detain: (officially) prevent sb. from leaving some place £¨¾ÐÁô£»¿ÛѺ£© ZJJY8k ` Delay sb. who wants to leave, by talking to them, asking them to do sth.£¨µ¢¸é£»Áôס£© v{N`.~,^ He was detained by a flat tire on his way home. 8/cX]J The police detained the man to make further inquiries. M
FMs[+2_o Retard: (formal) to delay the development of sth. or to make sth. happen more slowly than expected.£¨·Á°£»ÍƳ٣© 7S:\"A7 Cold weather retards the growth of many plants. &PHTpkaam Bad roads retard the car £¨Ê§Ð޵ū·×èÖÍÁ˳µËÙ¡££© |SSSH
Hamper: restrict sb. movement, activities, achievements by causing difficulties for them. s!zx}
5 Women's progress in the workplace is still hampered by male's attitudes. rXP,\ ]r+ Hamper sb. from getting elected. 1R%.p7@5QU )2o?#8J Protract: last a long time, esp. longer than usual pah'>dAL Protracted negotiations ¿õÈճ־õÄ̸ÅÐ ^[`%&uj!g Protract one's stay for some weeks ¶à´ôÁ˼¸¸öÐÇÆÚ /36:ms A Postpone: change an event, action to a later time or date {}przrU^c Gail and Lisa have decided to postpone having a family for a while. RbnVL$c The match had to be postponed. &6!)jIWJ Cancel: arrange that a planned activity or event will not now happen. #zs~," dRv The football game had been cancelled due to rain. (5YM?QAd Delay: wait until a later time to do sth. F/
{!tx Don't delay claiming or you may lose benefit. Sz`,X0a Adjourn: finish or stop for a short time 0#hlsfc]\ The chairman has the power to adjourn the meeting at any time. `U_)98 /{_:{G!Q0 Blame for °Ñ¡¡¹éÓÚ cuIT
Y^6 Condemn for Ç´Ôð /,yd+wcW# Accuse sb. of sth. Ö¸Ôð C<tl/NC Criticize for ÅúÅÐ J/$&NWF &p@O_0nF Announce Ðû²¼£»Í¨Öª Yj49t_$b Publish ·¢±í£»³ö°æ M%m4i9~!? Advertise Ϊ¡¡×ö¹ã¸æ bI1N@= Inform ¸æÖª (inform sb.of sth.) 9Y9GwL]T #;yZ Substitute: sth. new or different that you use instead of sth. else that you used previously. Ìæ´úÆ·£»Ìæ²¹ N4!O.POP Substitute teacher ´ú¿Î½Ìʦ P=
NDS2 Selection: the careful choice of a particular person or thing from among a group of similar people or things. O^
yG?b Preference: if you like a preference for sth. you like it more than another thing. q0vQa Alternative: sth. that you can choose to do or use instead of sth. else Y:[u1~a 8
lrpve :"c*s4 Fraud: a method of illegally getting money from sb., often by using clever and complicated methods. DvvK^+-~ Deceive: make sb. believe sth. that is not true in order to get what you want. onzxx4bax Cheat: behave in a dishonest way in order to win or to get an advantage, esp. in competitive, game, exams. qX{+oy5 Dupe: trick or deceive sb. ºåÆ£»Õ©Æ q_58;Bv Consumers are being duped into buying faulty electronic goods. xb8!B ~]2K^bh8& Decline: refuse to do sth. £¨±È½ÏÍñת£¬Àñò¾Ü¾øÑûÇ룩 kxv1Hn"`{E Deny: She denied working for the enemy = She said she was not working for the enemy ( NOT: She refused to work for the enemy.) 7
kEn \ Reject:¾Ü¾øÉêÇ룬¹Ûµã£¬¼Æ»® c^W)07-X5y Refuse: ¾Ü¾øÑûÇë =aW9L)8D Turn down ¾Ü¾ø£¨¿ÚÓ Km$\:Xo Dlvz) Reliable ¿É¿¿µÄ£»¿ÉÐÅÀµµÄ£¨²àÖØÓÚʼÖÕÈçÒ»¡££© k<?b(
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-i hDGF7 Particular: special enough to mention separately owv[M6lbD Peculiar: strange, unfamiliar, and a little surprising, esp. in a way that is unpleasant or worrying. wMN]~|z> Taste peculiar >9J:Uo1z Special: not ordinary but different in some way and often better or more important. Xch~
1K a special diet I]q% 2ie unusual: different from what is usual <1!O1ab special ---specially or especially 2
yz _ specially: used when you do sth. that is different from what you usually do for a particular purpose (with a passive form of a verb: a specially made) `Q,H|hp;k; especially: to emphasize sth. is more worth mentioning or more important than the other things, ( ¡, especially when¡) a8Wwq?@ _o~nr]zx Preliminary ³õ²½µÄ£»¿ªÊ¼µÄ£¨Ç¿µ÷¿ªÊ¼Ö®Ç°ÓÐ×¼±¸¹¤×÷£© 3G4-^hY< Primary ×î³õµÄ£»¡úÖ÷ÒªµÄ£»»ù±¾µÄ£»¡úûÓÐÔ¤±¸ ?Mfw]z"\C) Elementary ³õ²½µÄ£»¼òµ¥µÄ 93
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xU Make you feel worried and confused because it is difficult to understand. x,V r=FB e.g. I was somewhat perplexed by his response. 2J;g{
95z Puzzle: confuse sb. or make them feel slightly anxious because they do not understand sth. ;A[Q2(w+ e.g. What puzzles me is how the burglar got into the house without setting off the alarm. Kc(FX%3LU Confuse £¨³£Óñ»¶¯£© :BTq!>s Make sb. feel that they cannot think clearly or do not understand. TS5Q1+hWHV e.g. Don't give me so much information.--- you are confusing me. k VQ\1! I was confused. [0e_* xId.GWY1 Fatigued: very tired. A5w6]: f2 e.g. fatigued after her long journey, Bill fell into a deep sleep. bN@
l?w Tired: feeling that you want tosleep or rest. u<&m]]* Exhausted: extremely tired and having no energy. t
|oR7qa{w Bored: tired and impatient because you do not think sth. is interesting, or because you have nothing to do. ;A!BVq e.g. Children easily get bored. Q NVa?'0"Y @\I#^X5lv Thieves С͵£»ÇÔÔô -Y;3I00( Burglars DZÈëÊÒÄڵĵÁÔô Xn\jO>[Ef Robbers Ç¿µÁ£»Ôô :eLVC7' Bandits ÍÁ·Ë£»Ç¿µÁ£¨³£³öûÔÚɽÇø¡¢ÉÁÖ£© lb1Xsgm{ 2GStN74X r Synthetic ºÏ³ÉµÄ 8-6L|#J# False ¼ÙµÄ£»ÈËÔìµÄ£¨Ç¿µ÷Ìæ´úÆ·£¬ÓëÔÎï²»Ò»Ñù£¬Èç¼ÙÑÀ£¬ÈËÔìè¶Ê¯£© 00U> F Imitation ·ÂÔìµÄ(Beware of imitation ½÷·À¼Ùð) xn|(9#1o Counterfeit ±ÈImitation ¸ü±áÒå pY$Q Artificial ÈËÔìµÄ£¨Ç¿µ÷Éú²ú·½Ê½£¬È磺È˹¤½µÓ꣩ GowH]MO >)Tqt!? Mortal : causing death or likely to cause death gltBC${7wZ e.g. mortal injures / blow / combat T9q-,w/j; Fatal: resulting in sb's death *HB-QIl e.g. fatal accident / illness / injures *4_Bd=5(U Deadly : like dead in appearance S`?!G&[!> e.g. His face has a deadly paleness 8e"gW >f likely to cause death -s'-eQF J e.g. deadly person pFz`}?c0 lethal: causing death, or having the power to cause death j$5LN.8J e.g. a lethal dose of a drug EAby?51+ y L~W.H Imaginative: new and interesting idea used in a clever way; good at thingking of new, interesting ideas and at forming pictures in one's mind ?@
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e.g. imaginative writer; imaginative child fLAw12;^ Imaginable: emphasize that sth. is the best, worst example of sth. that it is possible to imagine E q+_&Wk All, every, only eGbGw Imagined: forming a picture or idea in your mind about what sth. could be like. b*Q&CL Imaginary: not really, but produced from pictures or ideas in your mind. R_S.tT! e.g. all the characters in this book are imaginary. 01(AK% e -+-_I*( Reproach: ~sb. for /with sth. '(jG[ry&T ~ for doing sth. QnX(V[ blame or criticize someone in a way that shows you are disappointed, but not angry 0S$N05 e.g. Jake reproached her bitterly for abandoning him. t9IW/Q Scold: angrily criticize someone, esp. a child, about sth. that have done. U_c *6CK Compliment: ~ sb. on sth. yyy|Pw4:Z Say sth. nice to sb. in order to praise him 6Sn .I1Wy Reprimand: ~ sb. for sth. 0}dpK $. tell sb. officially that sth. they have done is very wrong. liz~7RY4 Rebuke: speak to sb. severely, about sth. they have done wrong. [ ~ sb. for V-ing] 0NX,QD
Chide: (literary) to speak angrily to sb. because you do not approve of sth. they have done. l0i^uMS g5r(>, vY Compliment xWQ`tWA:J Complement : show up the good qualities in sb. or sth. or make them seem more attractive. \mlqO[ S >
!)DM]Ri Empty: having nothing inside; not having people inside; not being used
kX2rp?{ e.g. an empty table in the corner 6<(.4a? [ empty nest: the situation that parents are in when all their children have left home] i&GH/y Blank: without any writing, print, or recorded sound; showing no understanding; %sQ^.` 2 e.g. go blank: suddenly unable to remember sth. C8i^P}y for TV; stop showing any images 0'?L#K Vacant: vacant seat, room ¡ú empty and available for sb. to use Gjo` Vacant job, position ¡ú empty and available for sb. to start with lQkQ9##* Bare: empty, not covered by anything or not having any decoration; not covered by clothes, by trees or grass hODWB
&b Deceived ÆÛÆ 0}quG^%_ Deserted ÒÅÆú Q^txVUL Desperated ¾øÍû LTx,cP Disappointed ʧÍû \.#>=!Ie
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Is?La resume ÖжϺóÖØпªÊ¼ ^V Zk+'4 consume ÏûºÄ L"*/:$EJL. assume ¼Ù¶¨£»¼ÙÉ裻²ÉÓà (think that sth. is true although you have no proof of it. E.g. ~ responsibilities / power: start to do a job esp. an important one) ;
)^`3` presume ÍƲ⣻ðÃÁ (think you can be sure of sth. because it is likely, although there is no proof. E.g. ~ sb. / sth. to be sth. / be ~ed to do sth. / ~ to do sth. EV@X*| w ve2u=eQ1 resumption »Ö¸´ yT9@!]^L consumption Ïû·Ñ 1gN=-AC assumption ¼Ù¶¨£»Òܶϣ»°ÁÂý(the assumption of responsibilities: the act of starting to have control or power) ( His air of assumption made him disliked.) s'J:f$flS presumption °ÁÂý£»ÍƲ⣻¼Ù¶¨ (disrespectful or impolite behavior that shows you are too confident) AvV|(K" 56-dD5{hxR bore V.×ê¿× n. ¿× p hzKm9 core v. ʹÑá·³ n. ÁîÈËÌÖÑáµÄÊ {w^+\]tC pore v. ×¢ÊÓ n. ë¿× a. ¶à¿×µÄ vbe|hO"" sore a. ÌÛÍ´µÄ n. Í´´¦£»À£Ññ G@jZ)2
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&V]}:7* detain: (officially) prevent sb. from leaving some place £¨¾ÐÁô£»¿ÛѺ£© vab@-=%k Delay sb. who wants to leave, by talking to them, asking them to do sth.£¨µ¢¸é£»Áôס£© AfP'EP0m Attain: succeed in reaching a particular level or in getting sth. after trying for a long time. ,FMx5$ Retain: keep sb. or continue to have sth. e.g. retain a sense of dignity Q~Hh\L t Certain: Ò»¶¨ 4e;yG> Contain: ÈÝÄÉ X*Dj[TD] ^Q ps>A( Room ·¿¼ä .OqSch
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XJ[h assure : tell sb. that sth. with definitely happen. .R8 HZ}3 e.g. ~sb. that ¡ CWG6;NT6m be ~ed of: feel certain that sth. will happen 3bd5FsI^pU ensure: make sure that it does happen ~h=X8-D (AmE. Insure) d:q + e.g. Please ensure that the lights are switched off before leaving the building. ;HBCUe<_ Assure can be used in this meaning, but it mainly used in : success, safety. E.g. The band's latest release has assured their success in the rock world. {d%&zvJnD insure: against sth. bad happening to it by paying money to an insurance company. -l-E_6|/W reassure: tell sb. that there is nothing to worry about. N+)?$[ e.g. The doctor reassured me that there would be no pain. 0\~Z5k`IT FvuGup`w sometimes ÓÐʱ XJ+6FT/qss some time һЩʱ¼ä @[?!s%*2 sometime Ôø¾£»Óг¯Ò»ÈÕ u@P[Vb some times ¼¸´Î cZ+7.oDu GOB(#vu hatch ·õ»¯ HXVBb%pP catch ×½ W*:,m8wk patch ·ì²¹ desThnTw match Æ¥Åä 4^'3&vu T\# *S0^ bare ³àÂãÂãµÄ£»Ã»ÓгÂÉèµÄ £¨½Ò¶£© 6V+ qnUk rare Ï¡±¡µÄ£»Ï¡Éٵģ»¼åµÄ ] 43bere care СÐÄ£»¹ØÐÄ }^K/?dM dare ¸ÒÓÚ Lx U={Y0 fare ³µ´¬·Ñ£»³Ë¿Í£»»ïʳ X#UMIlU hare Ò°Íà aSYs_?&. &MgeYpd banish ½ûÖ¹³öÈ룻ÇýÖð³ö¾³£»Çå³ý£»Ïû³ý£¨¼²²¡£© yWHiw< vanish ͻȻ²»¼û£» Öð½¥Ïûʧ 6ZqgY1 diminish ¼õÉÙ£»±áµÍ cM &'[CI admonish ¾¯¸æ£»¸æ½ë£»ÖÒ¸æ &Rz,
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