| nanafly |
2022-02-15 22:14 |
2022年医学考博翻译方法之倍数翻译
英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样，其中有 一些(如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、(12) 等， 见圈码)很容易译错——其主要原因在于：英汉两语在 ee{8C~
表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。现将常 用的英语倍数句型及其正确译法归纳如下： f
iu?mb=*
倍数增加 o;2QZ"v
一、 A is n times as great(long，much，…)as B.(①)A is n times greater (longer， 5b-: e? |
more，…)than B.(②)A is n times the size (length， amount，…)of Jp]eFaqp
B.(③)以上三句都应译为;A的大小(长度，数量，……)是B的n倍[或A比B大(长，多，……)n-1倍]. '}$$ o1R
Eg. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than，three _ya _Jf*
times the length of )that one. J,j!
这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍(即长两倍)。 "1Oe
bo2
注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than(as，of)B常被省去。 ::A ]p@
二、increase to n times(④) Ff @Cs0R
increase n times/n-fold(⑤) L.) 0!1
increase by n times(⑥) J)leRR&
increase by a factor of n(⑦) GV T[)jS
以上四式均应译为：增加到n倍(或：增加n-1倍)。 p!xCNZ(m
Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times O5eTkKUc
as compared with last year. I?!7]S n $
The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against f]Q `8nU
l986.化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。
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1
That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. .y~vn[q N
那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍)。 zwa %$U
The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. ~t-!{F
漏电压增加了3借(即增加到原来的4倍)。 `gFE/i18
注：在这类句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等词所替代。 o)pso\;
三、There is a n-fold increase/growth…(⑧)应译为：增加n-倍(或增至n倍)。这个句型还有其它一些形式： j6_tFJT
Eg. A record high increase in value of four times was reported. O^,%V{]6\
据报道,价值破记录地增长了3倍。 BQfq]ti
四、double (增加1倍)，treble(增加2倍)，quadruple(增加3倍)。(⑨)Eg. The efficiency of the +__PT4ps
machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。 [| ! A3o
五、此外，英语中还有一种用again而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方法，如： IDIok~B=e
A is as much (large，long，…)again as B.(=A is twice as much J@vL,C)E6
(large，long，…)as B.(⑩)应译为：A比B多(大，长，……)1倍。 3pF7} P
A is half as much (large， 1ong，…)again as B. $ |V @3`0
【=A is one a half times as much (large， 1ong，…)as /:OSql5K*<
B.】(11)应译为:A比B多(大，长……)一半(即A是B的一倍半)。 OmR) W '
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