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2022-02-28 23:31 |
非谓语动词 9-}&znLZe iwrdZLE 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式,动名词,和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。 P`V#Wj4\ 5hg>2?e9s? 1)不定式 ffuV$# ?z
Ms; 时态\语态 主动 被动 1)%9h>F7 (W*yF2r 一般式 to do to be done Ao?H.=#y Lrr6z05F Q 完成式 to have done to have been done }IEYH&4! GW.s\8w 2)动名词 :^J(%zy d3^LalAp 时态\语态 主动 被动 {7B$%G' gt{ei)2
b 一般式 doing being done "+Xwc+v^ IxgnZX4N 完成式 having done having been done ROQk^ p5G O@^i 3)分词 CF =#?+x 9OXrz}8C 时态\语态 主动 被动 FW[<;$ &e3z)
h 一般式 doing being done r")=Z1y
YgdoQBQ 完成式 having done having been done K& 2p<\2 <(#cPV@j 否定形式: not +不定式, not + 动名词, not + 现在分词 u+th?KO` j!:
U*}f 1)动词不定式——只能接不定式做宾语的动词有:
w&:h^u %>5Ht e< decide, hope, learn, manage(打算), offer, prepare, agree, refuse, fail(未), pretend, happen(碰巧), promise, plan(打算,计划) _lyP7$[:
c >D<nfG<s Z a) 测试作宾语时不定式带补语的结构 otX#}} + >,hJ5-9 这种结构的常用动词有:find、think、consider、make等,基本句型是: v. + it + adj + to do POUB{ba 5g/^wKhKG [例]Do you consider wise to ignore him C'7W50b ^b>E_u A. it is '#u2q=n4* 7b@EvW6X} B. it to be Ob0=ZW`+& xH3SVn(I C. it as being },[S 9I`p Ldir'FW D. it R>pa? tQgK <uv{/L
b b) 不定式在svoc句型中的应用 0Xk;X1Xl \2eYw.I= 解题的关键是记住带不定式作宾语补足语的动词,如:ask、tell、allow、enable、expect、get、require、request、cause、urge、want、force、order等。 >2$Ehw:K^ K=`*cSU> [例]They don’t allow in the library, but they allow people in the restroom. L[TL~@T NS b<
7_L A. to smoketo smoke B. smokingsmoking C. to smokesmoking D. smokingto smoke q. BqOa: :GL|
: c) 不定式作定语的用法 o~es>; / HaS.
(1)与其他非谓语形式或谓语形式的区别 L=HL1Qe$G] Z.<1,EKi= [例]The question tomorrow is whether income tax should be increased. (T'inNbJe E8NIH!dI A. to be debated :nZ*x=aq j#!J
hi B. debates \?qXscq (W@
ypK@ C. debating m^]/
/j |C-B=XE;3 D. debated
-U*XA A 9tQb: (2)介词的使用 ~@got DO(
/,A<{8 [例]The boy’s father bought him a large toy train . vv%Di.V Pu
axS A. which to play with B. to play with it C. to play with D. at which to play ?pQ, 5+8 |ZRl.C/e d) 不定式的时态、语态 |<BTK_R |c > 不定式完成时表示不定式动作发生在主句谓语动作之前,不定式被动语态表示不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者,be soory、be glad、seem或say、find、hear、report等动词的被动语态后加不定式完成时态较为常见。 qRB%G<H %FyB\IQ [例1]The new power station is reported within three years. a o7|8[ 2]4R`[# A. to have completed
gB~SCl54 W%1fm/G0 B. to have been completed u)Y#&q | |