考博英语——VOA Special English 基础词汇（3）——（o~s）

O
• obey - v. to act as one is ordered to act
• object - v. to show that one does not like or approve; to protest; n. something not alive that can be seen or touched
• observe - v. to watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.")
• occupy - v. to take and hold or to control by force
• ocean - n. the area of salt water that covers almost seventy-five percent of the earth's surface; any of the five main divisions of this water
• of - prep. made from; belonging to; about; connected to; included among
• off - ad. away; at a distance; condition when something is no longer operating or continuing; not on; not connected
• offensive - n. a military campaign of attack; ad. having to do with attacking
• offer - v. to present or propose; n. the act of presenting or proposing; that which is presented or proposed
• office - n. a room or building where business or work is done; a public position to which one is elected or appointed
• officer - n. a person in the military who commands others; any person who is a member of a police force
• official - n. a person with power in an organization; a representative of an organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government or someone in power
• often - ad. many times
• oil - n. a thick liquid that does not mix with water and that burns easily; a black liquid taken from the ground and used as fuel
• old - ad. not young or new; having lived or existed for many years
• on - prep. above and held up by; touching the upper surface of ("The book is on the table."); supported by ("He is on his feet."); about ("The report on the meeting is ready."); at the time of ("He left on Wednesday.")
• once - ad. one time only
• only - ad. being the single one or ones; no more than ("We have only two dollars.")
• open - v. to start ("They opened talks."); ad. not closed; not secret
• operate - v. to do work or a job; to cut into the body for medical reasons
• opinion - n. a belief based on one's own ideas and thinking
• oppose - v. to be against; to fight against
• opposite - ad. different as possible; completely different from; exactly the other way ("North is the opposite direction from south.")
• oppress - v. to make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or power
• or - conj. giving another of two choices; giving the last of several choices
• orbit - v. to travel in space around a planet or other object; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet
• order - v. to give a command; to tell someone what to do; n. a command; the correct or normal way things are organized; a peaceful situation in which people obey laws
• organize - v. to put in order; to put together into a system
• other - ad. different; of another kind; the remaining one or ones of two or more ("That man is short; the other is tall.")
• our - ad. of or belonging to us
• oust - v. to force to leave; to remove by force
• out - ad. away from the inside; opposite of in
• over - conj. above; covering; across, in or on every part of ("all over the world")
• overthrow - v. to remove from power; to defeat or end by force
• owe - v. to pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received
• own - v. to have or possess for oneself
P
• pain - n. a hurt or suffering somewhere in the body
• paint - v. to cover with a liquid color; to make a picture with liquid colors; n. a colored liquid used to cover or protect a surface
• pan - n. a metal container used for cooking
• paper - n. a thin, flat material made from plants or cloth often used for writing
• parachute - n. a device that permits a person or thing to fall slowly from an airplane or helicopter to the ground
• parade - n. a group of people and vehicles moving together to celebrate a special event or anniversary
• pardon - v. to forgive for a crime and release from punishment
• parent - n. a father or mother
• parliament - n. a government lawmaking group
• part - n. something less than the whole; not all of something
• party - n. a group of people working together for a political purpose; a group of people or friends gathered together for enjoyment
• pass - v. to go by or move around something; to move along; to cause or permit to go
• passenger - n. a person travelling by airplane, train, boat or car who is not the pilot or driver
• passport - n. a document permitting a person to travel to another country
• past - n. the time gone by; the time before; ad. recent; immediately before; former
• path - n. a narrow way for walking; a way along which something moves
• patient - n. a person being treated by a doctor for a health problem
• pay - v. to give money for work done or for something bought
• peace - n. the condition of freedom from war, fighting or noise; rest; quiet
• people - n. any group of persons; all the persons of a group, race, religion or nation ("the American people")
• percent - n. a part of every hundred ("Ten is ten percent of one hundred.")
• perfect - ad. complete or correct in every way; completely right or good; without mistakes
• perform - v. to speak, dance or sing in front of others
• period - n. an amount of time within events, restrictions or conditions
• permanent - ad. never changing; lasting for a very long time or for all time
• permit - v. to let; to make possible
• person - n. a man, woman or child
• physical - ad. of the body
• physics - n. the study of motion, matter and energy
• picture - n. something that shows what another thing looks like; an idea or representation of something as seen by the eye; a painting; what is made with a camera
• piece - n. a part of something larger
• pig - n. a farm animal used for its meat
• pilot - n. one who guides or flies an airplane or helicopter
• pipe - n. a long, round piece of material used to move liquid or gas
• place - v. to put something somewhere; n. an area or a part of an area; space where a person or thing is; any room, building, town or country
• plan - v. to organize or develop an idea or method of acting or doing something ">("They plan to have a party."); n. an organized or developed idea or method ("The plan will not work.")
• planet - n. a large object in space that orbits the sun ("Earth is a planet.")
• plant - v. to put into the ground to grow; n. a living growth from the ground which gets its food from air, water and earth
• plastic - n. a material made from chemicals that can be formed and made into things
• play - v. to have fun; to not work; to take part in a sport; to make music on an instrument; n. a story acted in a theater
• please - v. to make one happy; to give enjoyment
• plenty - n. all that is needed; a large enough amount
• plot - v. to make secret plans; n. a secret plan to do something wrong or illegal
• poem - n. words and their sounds organized in a special way to express emotions
• point - v. to aim one's finger toward; to aim; n. the sharp end of something
• poison - n. a substance that can destroy life or damage health
• police - n. a government agency responsible for guarding the public, keeping order, and making sure people obey the law; members of that agency
• policy - n. an established set of plans or goals used to develop and make decisions in politics, economics or business
• politics - n. the activities of government and of those who are in public office
• pollute - v. to release dangerous or unpleasant substances into the air, soil or water
• poor - n. people with little or no money; ad. lacking money or goods; of bad quality
• popular - ad. liked by many people; generally approved by the public
• population - n. all the people in a place, city or country
• port - n. a city where ships load or unload goods; a place on a coast where ships can be safe from a storm
• position - n. a place; the way of holding the body; the way a thing is set or placed; a job (or level of a job) in an organization
• possess - v. to have; to own; to control or be controlled by
• possible - ad. able to be done; can happen or is expected to happen
• postpone - v. to delay action until a later time
• pour - v. to flow; to cause to flow
• power - n. the ability to control or direct others; control; strength; ruling force; force or energy used to do work ("Water power turns the wheel.")
• praise - v. to say good things about; to approve
• pray - v. to make a request to a god or spirit; to praise a god or spirit
• pregnant - ad. carrying a child within the body before it is born; expecting to give birth to a baby
• present - v. to offer for consideration ("We will present our idea to the committee."); n. a gift ("I gave them a present for their anniversary."); now ("The present time is a good time."); ad. to be at a place ("I was present at school yesterday.")
• president - n. the chief official of a country that is a republic; the leader of an organization
• press - v. to urge strongly; n. newspapers, magazines and other publications
• pressure - n. the force produced when something is pushed down or against something else
• prevent - v. to keep or stop from going or happening
• price - n. the amount of money for which anything is bought, sold or offered for sale
• prison - n. a place where a person is kept as punishment for a crime
• private - ad. of or about a person or group that is secret; opposite public
• prize - n. something offered or won in a competition; something of value that one must work hard for to get
• probably - ad. a good chance of taking place; a little more than possible
• problem - n. a difficult question or situation with an unknown or unclear answer
• process - n. an operation or series of changes leading to a desired result
• produce - v. to make; to create; to cause something to be; to manufacture
• profession - n. a job that requires special training
• professor - n. a teacher at a college or university
• profit - n. money gained from a business activity after paying all costs of that activity
• program - n. a plan of action; the different events or parts of a meeting or show
• progress - n. movement forward or toward improvement or a goal
• project - n. a planned effort to do something
• propaganda - n. ideas or information used to influence opinions
• property - n. anything owned by someone such as land, buildings or goods
• propose - v. to present or offer for consideration
• protect - v. to guard; to defend; to prevent from being harmed or damaged
• protest - v. to speak against; to object
• prove - v. to show to be true
• provide - v. to give something needed or wanted
• public - ad. of or about all the people in a community or country; opposite private
• publication - n. something that is published such as a book, newspaper or magazine
• publish - v. to make public something that is written; to include something in a book, newspaper or magazine
• pull - v. to use force to move something toward the person or thing using the force; opposite push
• pump - v. to force a gas or liquid up, into or through
• punish - v. to cause pain, suffering or loss for doing something bad or illegal
• purchase - v. to buy with money or with something of equal value; n. that which is bought
• pure - ad. free from anything that is different or that reduces value; clean
• purpose - n. the reason or desired effect for doing something; goal
• push - v. to use force to move something away from the person or thing using the force; opposite pull
• put - v. to place; to set in position
Q
• quality - n. that which something is known to have or be ("An important quality of steel is its strength."); amount of value or excellence ("Their goods are of the highest quality.")
• question - v. to ask; to express wonder or disbelief; n. a sentence or word used in asking for information; a problem; an issue to be discussed
• quick - ad. fast
• quiet - ad. with little or no noise; having little or no movement; calm
R
• race - v. to run; to take part in a competition to decide who or what can move fastest; to take part in a campaign for political office; n. one of the major groups that humans can be divided into because of a common physical similarity, such as skin color
• radar - n. a device that uses radio signals to learn the position or speed of objects that may be too far away to be seen
• radiation - n. waves of energy from something that produces heat or light; energy from a nuclear substance, which can be dangerous
• radio - n. the system of sending and receiving signals or sounds through the air without wires
• raid - v. to make a sudden attack; n. a sudden attack carried out as an act of war, or for the purpose of seizing or stealing something
• railroad - n. a road for trains; a company that operates such a road and its stations and equipment
• rain - n. water falling from the sky
• raise - v. to lift up; to move to a higher position; to cause to grow; to increase
• rare - ad. not common; not usual; not often
• rate - n. speed; a measure of how quickly or how often something happens; the price of any thing or service that is bought or sold
• reach - v. to put a hand toward; to arrive at; to come to
• react - v. to act as a result of or in answer to
• read - v. to look at and understand the meaning of written words or numbers
• ready - ad. prepared; completed; organized; willing
• real - ad. true; truly existing; not false
• realistic - ad. in agreement with the way things are
• reason - n. the cause for a belief or act; purpose; something that explains
• reasonable - ad. ready to listen to reasons or ideas; not extreme; ready or willing to compromise
• rebel - v. to act against a government or power, often with force; to refuse to obey; n. one who opposes or fights against the government of his or her country
• receive - v. to get or accept something given, offered or sent
• recent - ad. a short time ago
• recession - n. a temporary reduction in economic activity, when industries produce less and many workers lose their jobs
• recognize - v. to know or remember something or someone that was known, known about or seen before; to accept another nation as independent and establish diplomatic ties with its government
• record - v. to write something in order to have it for future use; to put sound or pictures in a form that can be kept and heard or seen again; n. a writing that shows proof or facts about something
• recover - v. to get again something that was lost, stolen or taken away ("The police recovered the stolen money."); to return to normal health or normal conditions She is expected to recover from the operation.")
• red - ad. having the color like that of blood
• reduce - v. to make less or smaller in number, size or amount; to cut
• reform - v. to make better by changing; to improve; n. a change to a better condition
• refugee - n. a person who has been forced to flee because of unjust treatment, danger or war
• refuse - v. to reject; to not accept, give or do something
• regret - n. a feeling of sadness or sorrow about something that is done or that happens
• reject - v. to refuse to accept, use or believe
• relation - n. understandings or ties between nations; members of the same family; people connected by marriage or family ties
• release - v. to free; to permit to go; to permit to be known or made public
• religion - n. a belief in, or the honoring of, a god or gods
• remain - v. to stay in a place after others leave; to stay the same
• remains - n. a dead body
• remember - v. to think about the past; opposite forget
• remove - v. to take away or take off; to put an end to; to take out of a position or office
• repair - n. work done to fix something
• repeat - v. to say or do again
• report - v. to tell about; to give the results of a study or investigation; n. the story about an event; the results of a study or investigation; a statement in which the facts may not be confirmed
• represent - v. to act in the place of someone else; to substitute for; to serve as an example
• repress - v. to control or to restrict freedoms by force
• request - v. to ask for; n. the act of asking for
• require - v. to need or demand as necessary
• rescue - v. to free from danger or evil
• research - n. a careful study to discover correct information
• resign - v. to leave a position, job or office
• resist - v. to oppose; to fight to prevent
• resolution - n. an official statement of agreement by a group of people, usually reached by voting
• resource - n. anything of value that can be used or sold
• responsible - ad. having a duty or job to do ("He is responsible for preparing the report."); being the cause of ("They were responsible for the accident.")
• rest - v. to sit, lie down or sleep to regain strength; n. that which remains; the others
• restrain - v. to keep controlled; to limit action by a person or group
• restrict - v. to limit; to prevent from increasing or becoming larger
• result - v. to happen from a cause; n. that which follows or is produced by a cause; effect
• retire - v. to leave a job or position because one is old or in poor health
• return - v. to go or come back; to bring, give, take or send back
• revolt - v. to protest violently; to fight for a change, especially of government
• rice - n. a food grain
• rich - ad. having much money or goods; having plenty of something
• ride - v. to sit on or in and be carried along; to travel by animal, wheeled vehicle, airplane or boat
• right - n. what a person legally and morally should be able to do or have ("It is their right to vote."); ad. agreeing with the facts; good; correct; opposite wrong; on the side that is toward the east when one is facing north; opposite left
• riot - v. to act with many others in a violent way in a public place; n. a violent action by a large group of people
• rise - v. to go up; to go higher; to increase; to go from a position of sitting or lying to a position of standing
• risk - n. the chance of loss, damage or injury
• river - n. a large amount of water that flows across land into another river, a lake or an ocean
• road - n. a long piece of hard ground built between two places so people can walk, drive or ride easily from one place to the other
• rob - v. to take money or property secretly or by force; to steal
• rock - n. a hard piece of mineral matter
• rocket - n. a device shaped like a tube that moves through air or space by burning gases and letting them escape from the back or bottom, sometimes used as a weapon
• roll - v. to turn over and over; to move like a ball
• room - n. a separate area within a building with its own walls
• root - n. the part of a plant that is under the ground and takes nutrients from the soil
• rope - n. a long, thick piece of material made from thinner pieces of material, used for tying
• rough - ad. not flat or smooth; having an uneven surface; violent; not made well
• round - ad. having the shape of a ball or circle
• rub - v. to move something over the surface of another thing
• rubber - n. a substance made from the liquid of trees with the same name, or a similar substance made from chemicals
• ruin - v. to damage severely; to destroy
• rule - v. to govern or control; to decide; n. a statement or an order that says how something must be done
• run - v. to move quickly by steps faster than those used for walking
S
• sabotage - v. to damage or destroy as an act against an organization or nation ("The rebels sabotaged the railroad.")
• sacrifice - v. to do without something or to suffer a loss for a belief, idea, goal or another person
• sad - ad. not happy
• safe - ad. away from harm or danger
• sail - v. to travel by boat or ship
• sailor - n. a person involved in sailing a boat or ship
• salt - n. a white substance found in sea water and in the ground, used to affect the taste of food
• same - ad. not different; not changed; like another or others
• sand - n. extremely small pieces of crushed rock found in large amounts in deserts and on coasts
• satellite - n. a small object in space that moves around a larger object; an object placed in orbit around the earth
• satisfy - v. to give or provide what is desired, needed or demanded
• save - v. to make safe; to remove from harm; to keep for future use
• say - v. to speak; to express in words
• school - n. a place for education; a place where people go to learn
• science - n. the study of nature and the actions of natural things, and the knowledge gained about them
• sea - n. a large area of salt water, usually part of an ocean
• search - v. to look for carefully
• season - n. one of the four periods of the year that is based on the earth's position toward the sun (spring, summer, autumn, winter); a period of time based on different weather conditions ("dry season", "rainy season"); a period during the year when something usually happens ("baseball season")
• seat - n. a thing to sit on; a place to sit or the right to sit there ("a seat in parliament")
• second - ad. the one that comes after the first
• secret - n. something known only to a few and kept from general knowledge; ad. hidden from others; known only to a few
• security - n. freedom from danger or harm; protection; measures necessary to protect a person or place ("Security was increased in the city.")
• see - v. to know or sense through the eyes; to understand or know
• seed - n. the part of a plant from which new plants grow
• seek - v. to search for ("They are seeking a cure for cancer."); to try to get ("She is seeking election to public office."); to plan to do ("Electric power companies are seeking to reduce their use of coal.")
• seem - v. to appear to be ("She seems to be in good health.")
• seize - v. to take quickly by force; to take control of quickly; to arrest
• self X - n. all that which makes one person different from others
• sell - v. to give something in exchange for money
• Senate - n. the smaller of the two groups in the governments of some countries, such as in the United States Congress
• send - v. to cause to go; to permit to go; to cause to be carried, taken or directed to or away from a place
• sense - v. to come to know about by feeling, believing or understanding; n. any of the abilities to see, hear, taste, smell or feel
• sentence - v. to declare the punishment for a crime; n. the punishment for a crime
• separate - v. to set or keep people, things or ideas away from or independent from others; ad. not together or connected; different
• series - n. a number of similar things or events that follow one after another in time, position or order
• serious - ad. important; needing careful consideration; dangerous
• serve - v. to work as an official; to be employed by the government; to assist or help
• service - n. an organization or system that provides something for the public ("Schools and roads are services paid for by taxes."); a job that an organization or business can do for money; military organizations such as an army, navy or air force; a religious ceremony
• set - v. to put in place or position; to establish a time, price or limit
• settle - v. to end (a dispute); to agree about (a problem); to make a home in a new place
• several - ad. three or more, but not many
• severe - ad. not gentle; causing much pain, sadness or damage
• sex - n. either the male or female group into which all people and animals are divided because of their actions in producing young; the physical activity by which humans and animals can produce young
• shake - v. to move or cause to move in short, quick movements
• shape - v. to give form to; n. the form of something, especially how it looks
• share - v. to give part of something to another or others; n. a part belonging to, given to or owned by a single person or a group; any one of the equal parts of ownership of a business or company
• sharp - ad. having a thin edge or small point that can cut or hurt; causing hurt or pain
• she - pro. the girl or woman who is being spoken about
• sheep - n. a farm animal used for its meat and hair
• shell - v. to fire artillery; n. a metal container that is fired from a large gun and explodes when it reaches its target; a hard outside cover
• shelter - v. to protect or give protection to; n. something that gives protection; a place of safety
• shine - v. to aim a light; to give bright light; to be bright; to clean to make bright
• ship - v. to transport; n. a large boat
• shock - v. to cause to feel sudden surprise or fear; n. something that greatly affects the mind or emotions; a powerful shake, as from an earthquake
• shoe - n. a covering for the foot
• shoot - v. to cause a gun or other weapon to send out an object designed to kill; to use a gun
• short - ad. lasting only for a small period of time; not long; opposite tall
• should - v. used with another verb (action word) to show responsibility ("We should study."), probability ("The talks should begin soon."), or that something is believed to be a good idea ("Criminals should be punished.")
• shout - v. to speak very loudly
• show - v. to make something be seen; to make known; n. a play or story presented in a theater, or broadcast on radio or television, for enjoyment or education; something organized to be seen by the public
• shrink - v. to make or become less in size, weight or value
• sick - ad. suffering physically or mentally with a disease or other problem; not in good health
• sickness - n. the condition of being in bad health
• side - n. the outer surfaces of an object that are not the top or bottom; parts away from the middle; either the right or left half of the body
• sign - v. to write one's name; n. a mark or shape used to mean something; evidence that something exists or will happen; a flat piece of material with writing that gives information
• signal - v. to send a message by signs; n. an action or movement that sends a message
• silence - v. to make quiet; to stop from speaking or making noise; n. a lack of noise or sound
• silver - n. a valued white metal
• similar - ad. like something else but not exactly the same
• simple - ad. easy to understand or do; not difficult or complex
• since - prep. from a time in the past until now ("I have known her since we went to school together.")
• sing - v. to make music sounds with the voice
• single - ad. one only
• sink - v. to go down into water or other liquid
• sister - n. a female with the same father or mother as another person
• sit - v. to rest on the lower part of the body without the support of the legs; to become seated
• situation - n. the way things are during a period of time
• size - n. the space occupied by something; how long, wide or high something is
• skeleton - n. all the bones of a human or other animal together in their normal positions
• skill - n. the ability gained from training or experience
• skin - n. the outer covering of humans and most animals
• sky - n. the space above the earth
• slave - n. a person owned or controlled by another
• sleep - v. to rest the body and mind with the eyes closed
• slide - v. to move smoothly over a surface
• slow - v. to reduce the speed of; ad. not fast in moving, talking or other activities
• small - ad. little in size or amount; few in number; not important; opposite large
• smash - v. to break or be broken into small pieces by force; to hit or move with >force
• smell - v. to sense through the nose; n. something sensed by the nose ("the smell of food cooking")
• smoke - v. to use cigarettes or other tobacco products by burning them and breathing in the smoke; n. that which can be seen rising into the air like a cloud from something burning
• smooth - ad. having a level surface; opposite rough
• snow - n. soft, white pieces of frozen water that fall from the sky, usually in winter or when the air temperature is very cold
• so - ad. in such a way that ("He held the flag so all could see it."); also; too ("She left early, and so did we."); very ("I am so sick."); as a result ("They were sick, so they could not come."); conj. in order that; for the purpose of ("Come early so we can discuss the plans.")
• social - ad. of or about people or a group
• soft - ad. not hard; easily shaped; pleasing to touch; not loud
• soil - n. earth in which plants grow
• soldier - n. a person in the army
• solid - ad. having a hard shape with no empty spaces inside; strong; not in the form of a liquid or gas
• solve - v. to find an answer; to settle
• some - ad. of an amount or number or part not stated; not all
• son - n. a person's male child
• soon - ad. not long after the present time; quickly
• sort - n. any group of people or things that are the same or are similar in some way; a kind of something
• sound - n. fast-moving waves of energy that affect the ear and result in hearing; that which is heard
• south - n. the direction to the right of a person facing the rising sun
• space - n. the area outside the earth's atmosphere where the sun, moon, planets and stars are; the area between or inside things
• speak - v. to talk; to say words with the mouth; to express one's thoughts to others and exchange ideas; to give a speech to a group
• special - ad. of a different or unusual kind; not for general use; better or more important than others of the same kind
• speech - n. a talk given to a group of people
• speed - v. to make something go or move faster; n. the rate at which something moves or travels; the rate at which something happens or is done
• spend - v. to give as payment; to use ("He spends much time studying.")
• spill - v. to cause or permit liquid to flow out, usually by accident
• spirit - n. the part of a human that is not physical and is connected to thoughts and emotions; the part of a person that is believed to remain alive after death
• split - v. to separate into two or more parts; to divide or break into parts
• sport - n. any game or activity of competition involving physical effort or skill
• spread - v. to become longer or wider; to make or become widely known
• spring - n. the time of the year between winter and summer
• spy - v. to steal or get information secretly; n. one who watches others secretly; a person employed by a government to get secret information about another country
• square - n. a flat shape having four equal sides
• stab - v. to cut or push into or through with a pointed weapon
• stand - v. to move into or be in a position in which only the feet are on a surface; to be in one position or place
• star - n. a mass of gas that usually appears as a small light in the sky at night, but is not a planet; a famous person, usually an actor or singer
• start - v. to begin; to make something begin
• starve - v. to suffer or die from a lack of food
• state - v. to say; to declare; n. a political part of a nation
• station - n. a place of special work or purpose ("a police station"); a place where passengers get on or off trains or buses; a place for radio or television broadcasts
• statue - n. a form of a human, animal or other creature usually made of stone, wood or metal
• stay - v. to continue to be where one is; to remain; to not leave; to live for a time ("They stayed in New York for two years.")
• steal - v. to take without permission or paying
• steam - n. the gas that comes from hot water
• steel - n. iron made harder and stronger by mixing it with other substances
• step - v. to move by lifting one foot and placing it in a new position; n. the act of stepping; one of a series of actions designed to reach a goal
• stick - v. to attach something to another thing using a substance that will hold them together; to become fixed in one position so that movement is difficult ("Something is making the door stick."); n. a thin piece of wood
• still - ad. not moving ("The man was standing still."); until the present or a stated time ("Was he still there?"); even so; although ("The job was difficult, but she still wanted to do it.")
• stone - n. a small piece of rock
• stop - v. to prevent any more movement or action; to come or bring to an end
• store - v. to keep or put away for future use; n. a place where people buy things
• storm - n. violent weather, including strong winds and rain or snow
• story - n. the telling or writing of an event, either real or imagined
• stove - n. a heating device used for cooking
• straight - ad. continuing in one direction without turns
• strange - ad. unusual; not normal; not known
• street - n. a road in a city, town or village
• stretch - v. to extend for a distance; to pull on to make longer or wider
• strike - v. to hit with force; to stop work as a way to seek better conditions, more pay or to make other demands
• strong - ad. having much power; not easily broken, damaged or destroyed
• structure - n. the way something is built, made or organized; a system that is formed or organized in a special way; a building
• struggle - v. to try with much effort; to fight with; n. a great effort; a fight
• study - v. to make an effort to gain knowledge by using the mind; to examine carefully
• stupid - ad. not able to learn much; not intelligent
• subject - n. the person or thing being discussed, studied or written about
• submarine - n. an underwater ship
• substance - n. the material of which something is made (a solid, liquid or gas)
• substitute - v. to put or use in place of another; n. a person or thing put or used in place of another
• subversion - n. an attempt to weaken or destroy a political system or government, usually secretly
• succeed - v. to reach a goal or thing desired; to produce a planned result
• such - ad. of this or that kind; of the same kind as; similar to
• sudden - ad. not expected; without warning; done or carried out quickly or without preparation
• suffer - v. to feel pain in the body or mind; to receive or experience hurt or sadness
• sugar - n. a sweet substance made from liquids taken from plants
• suggest - v. to offer or propose something to think about or consider
• summer - n. the warmest time of the year, between spring and autumn
• sun - n. the huge star in the sky that provides heat and light to earth
• supervise - v. to direct and observe the work of others
• supply - v. to give; to provide; n. the amount of something that can be given or sold to others
• support - v. to carry the weight of; to hold up or in position; to agree with others and help them reach a goal; to approve
• suppose - v. to believe, think or imagine ("I suppose you are right."); to expect ("It is supposed to rain tonight.")
• suppress - v. to put down or to keep down by force; to prevent information from being known publicly
• sure - ad. very probable; with good reason to believe; true without question
• surface - n. the outer side or top of something ("The rocket landed on the surface of the moon.")
• surplus - n. an amount that is more than is needed; extra; ("That country has a trade surplus. It exports more than it imports.")
• surprise - v. to cause a feeling of wonder because something is not expected; n. something not expected; the feeling caused by something not expected
• surrender - v. to give control of oneself or one's property to another or others; to stop fighting and admit defeat
• surround - v. to form a circle around; to be in positions all around someone or something
• survive - v. to remain alive during or after a dangerous situation
• suspect - v. to imagine or believe that a person is guilty of something bad or illegal; n. a person believed to be guilty
• suspend - v. to cause to stop for a period of time
• swallow - v. to take into the stomach through the mouth
• swear in - v. to put an official into office by having him or her promise to carry out the duties of that office ("The chief justice will swear in the president.")
• sweet - ad. tasting pleasant, like sugar
• swim - v. to move through water by making motions with the arms and legs
• sympathy - n. a sharing of feelings or emotions with another person, usually feelings of sadness
• system - n. a method of organizing or doing something by following rules or a plan; a group of connected things or parts working together for a common purpose or goal

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