[ sell=5][/sell] )N
O,G
语法重点总结 kNX8y--
独立主格 0@&/W-VXg
虚拟语气 tv
5N
wM
非谓语动词 )lP(isFP
主谓一致 S$/SFB$)~W
倒装 MHS|gR.c
独立主格特征 HahA} Q
1. 充当句子的状语。 P>R u
2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 N!<X%Ym
3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 f;!L\$yKy
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) sn+ kFvk}S
例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. +ZkJ{r0,(
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. QT4vjz+|
c) he entered the room, with his hands open (holding a rifle). &:~9'-O
z6f
Y_LL
真题剖析 3dgPP@7d$
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them.
<3x:nH @
45. A. For B. As C. With D. Because KBA&s
虚拟语气(1) L%Ms?`i,
虚拟语气(2) uEkGo5
1. (should)+动词原形 'tt4"z2
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 TRr%]qd{Hr
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 u ^M'[<{
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 @B!gxW\C
部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 .-1'#Z1T
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 eTI?Mu>C
would rather +动词过去式 r+tHVh
+kq+x6&
真题剖析 ~6{U^3
sIRfC<
/P
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … )ib$*dmUP
47. A. do B. did C. don’t D. didn’t ^ZFK:|Ju
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. s<5P sR
53. A. ordered B. pleaded <:!:7
C. decided D. demanded Lc(eY{CY
M3eFG@,
非谓语动词 Rpj{!Ia
动名词、分词、不定式。 x#hSN|'"
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) GQ sE5Vb
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) N l^uA
To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 DH)E9HL
lkJe7 +s
4h
T!DS
真题剖析 8YQ7XB
Z_mQpt|y
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ER;\Aes*?
Q'YakEv >=
60. A. dropped B. to drop C. dropping D.drops BE!l{
主谓一致 (1) T/:6Z
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 T=CJUla
How you got there doesn’t concern me. *77Y$X##k
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. Lz!H@)-mr
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 2SlI5+u
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 6#ktw)
e
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 4~2 9,
4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 &w
:0ad|
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). lHE \Z`
主谓一致 (2) AEUR`.
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 OF,_6"m
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. AqHGBH0
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) <YrsS-9
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) G/_xn5XDD
He no less than John is interested in literature. +W8kMuM!
主谓一致 (3) 2'Raj'2S4
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 8Nx fYA
Either my father or my brothers are coming. @X P_~ N
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 xpI8QV$#
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. (3=bKcD'
=L`PP>"rW
真题剖析 M~)iiKw~MY
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 7|
`_5e
53. A. none B. few C. any D. some IsjN
xBM
54. A. event B. work C. level D. rate O2xqNQ`d
倒装
(%G>TV
B_C."{G
一、全部倒装 <SdOb#2
二、部分倒装 ,^jQBD4={
>fD%lq;
全部倒装 %VE FruM
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” q(BRJ(
There stand big buildings in this district. OaY]}4tI$
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. Equ%6x
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) /K;A bE
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. 21] K7
3. 介词短语作状语位于句首 [q^pMH#U"
In the middle of the room stood the naughty boy. aHPx'R
?.ofs}
全部倒装 <
B!f;
4. 表语位于句首 DLO#_t^v.
Especially remarkable was his flat nose. y,c\'}*H
Not far from here is a famous university.
$?9u;+jIR
5. so,nor, neither, no more 位于句首,代表前文 K3&k+~$
She wasn’t angry, and neither was I. (~(FQ:L%U
Peter doesn’t like pop music. No more does his brother. S<5.}c R
6. 分词短语位于句首(分词+be +主语) "o@R}_4]q
Gone forever were the days that we depended on foreign oil. \2Kl]G(w%y
部分倒装 {@s6ly].
1. 疑问句 tq*{Hil>P`
2. 否定副词(seldom, rarely, scarcely, hardly, little, never, few, not until, not only) 位于句首(作形容词时例外) BJqb'Hjd
Never did John speak rudely to his parents. [mF=<G"
3. “only+状语”位于句首 $$R->
Only when he comes back can be leave. r)<n)eXeD
4. “hardly…when”, “scarcely…when”, “no sooner…than”, “not only…(but also)” 位于句首 Q?'Ax"$D
No sooner had he got into the classroom than the class began. MN>U jF
A
部分倒装 o
Y<vKs^
5. not,no组成的词组位于句首(in no way, under no circumstances, on no account…) Z
eWstw7
By no means should you break the rules. o/!a7>xO4
At no time should we give in to difficulties. Nt[&rO3s
6. 虚拟倒装(had, were, should放到句首) 54f?YR
7. “形容词/名词/动词+as/though(尽管,虽然)+be动词” @2\U
jEo~
Small though the room is, it can hold more than twenty people. [VouG{
Search as they would, they could find nothing in the house. D.h <!?E%
sB01QVx47
真题剖析 eXmYw^n
(2000) Faster than ever before, the human world is becoming an urban world. By the millions they come, the ambitious and the down-trodden of the world drawn by the strange magnetism of urban 46 . |^GN<