英语的连贯性是衡量作文优劣的一个重要标准。逻辑连接词作为一种最常被使用的重要衔接手段,可以用来表示篇章内词与词、句与句、段落与段落之间的逻辑关系,从而使篇章更加连贯。然而,书到用时方恨少,不少同学在考场上搜肠刮肚也找不出几个恰如其分的连接词。今天就来给大家说说这一课。 M2Q*#U>6r
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先来给大家看两个例子,这位考生朋友写的是2013年真题的作文。 up _Qv#`Q
考生作文 1 B`{7-Asc1
In an era of intense competition, we should spare no effort to face various challenges. It is hard for people to work and live for a long time with vigour. Nevertheless, many people have been suffering from depression, exhaustion, insomnia, headache, and so on. (:Y0^
这位考生写道:这是一个竞争激烈的时代,人们都是不遗余力地去迎接各种挑战,人们很难长时间地维持精力充沛的工作和生活状态。然而,很多人已经长期遭受抑郁、疲劳、失眠、头痛等痛苦。 ,c]<Yu
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点 评 %"[`
在这段话中,第一句话和第二句话是因果关系,而 nevertheless 是“然而”的意思,表转折,显然这个连接词用错了,应改成 consequently(因此),这段话就顺畅自然了。 V2B@Lq
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考生作文 2 G/
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The third state, a morbid condition between being ill and being sound, causing physiological disorder and no obvious physical malfunction, frequently perplexes individuals. Thus, various rewarding advice is given by medical experts . \u4`6EYF?
接下来,他继续写道:第三状态,即介于生病和健康两者之间的一种疾病状态,会导致生理失调和其他不易被察觉的疾病,常让人感到困扰。因此,医学专家们就此给出了很多有用的建议。 +HDfEo T
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点 评 y.>1r7
第一句话该考生解释了什么是“第三状态”,第二句话讲专家就此给出对策。这两句话之间并不存在因果关系,所以连接词 thus(意思是“因此”) 用得不妥。倒不如干脆用副词 fortunately 来得好,意为“第三状态让人困扰,幸好,医学专家们就此给出了很对有用的建议”。 E\5Cf2Ox
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读罢这两个例子,想必大家对于连接词的重要性已然可窥一斑了。下面,为大家总结了英文写作中最常用到的连接词,大家不妨对照一下自己的习作,看看自己的文章在逻辑连接词的使用上是否合理、得当。 aM5Hp>'nI
1. 表示列举和时序 Vq&}i~
first, second, third…finally #i;y[dQ
firstly, secondly, thirdly… finally /OD@Xl];K
first of all, next then, lastly f7_V ]
for one thing… for another… :pJKZ2B,
at the same time b
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at first vu@@!cT6e
at last @1vpkB~ w
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2. 表示举例 ooA%/
for example 例如:…… e;8nujdG"
namely 即…… {
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for instance 例如:…… `E2RW{$A
that is (to say) 也就是说 RW`+F|UbE
such as 如…… bQgtZHO
take…for example 拿……来说 [;Y*f,UG_-
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3. 表示比较或对比 &{e:6t
like 像 ':d9FzGKa
unlike 不像
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similarly 同样地 Sa9p#
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in the same way 以相同的方式 kXN8hU}iq
compared to 与……相比 yvCX
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while 而 dZkj|
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stil l= nevertheless 然而 bLSUF`-z
on the contrary 正好相反 3~EPX`#[W
different from 与……不同 @/8O@^
on (the) one hand… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面...... 8
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in contrast with 与……成对比 VmON}bb[zz
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4. 表示增补 3H`r|R
and 而且 m\f}?t
both…and 不但……而且 rqTsKrLe
not only…but also 不但……而且 @MxB
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as well as 不但……而且 M*Ri1
also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且 FO:k
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in addition 并且 s x2\
apart from 除了……之外 7|DPevrk
what's more 而且、更重要的 !bBx'
for another 另一方面 y4%[^g~-
worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是 M7.H;.?
including 包括 \hDjZ
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5. 表示因果 $Dm|ol.Z
because 因为 {ewo-dva
since 既然 jJ3dZ<#
as 由于 ^Is#_Z|
given 鉴于
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now that 既然 yDw#V`Y^M
therefore 因此 Su]p
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thus 这样 xeW}`i5_w
so 所以 uF\ ;m.
as a result (of) 结果 m^KK
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because of = on account of 因为 MXs]3M
thanks to 多亏 O~c\+~5M*
for this reason 由于这个原因 g_e_L39
if so 如果这样 ~y>N JM>1
if not 如果不是这样 :xZ^Jq91
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6. 表示目的 eVRjU
for this purpose 为了......(下同) Rz"gPU4;`
in order to do *eAzk2
so as to do C/YjMYwKgv
so that… C n.x:I@r
in order that… kZNVUhW6S
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7. 表示让步 fvr|<3ojo
though / although CDT3&N1'R
no matter + 疑问句 ?U(`x6\:
in spite of #_'|
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whatever / however / whoever 1(jDBP!8
even if / even though %<@x(q
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8. 表示递进或强调 4+q3
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besides 况且 6HRr4NDcj
what's more 更重要地...... o|nN0z)b4
thus 这样 QN^AihsPi
above all 首先 O9R[F
indeed 的确 ;0-Y),
in fact / as a matter of fact 事实上 T[eb<
in other words 换句话说 #9(L/)^
in that case 那样的话 %SJFuw"
or rather 更确切地说 abkt&981K+
particularly 特别地 &z?
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9. 表示转折 5?XIp6%x
but 但是 KLCd`vr.xf
still 然而 r"&VG2c0K
however 然而 CC,CKb
while 而 N~+ e\K6
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10. 表示总结 :Hq#co
in a / one word 简言之;一句话;总之 Q<T+t0G\O-
generally speaking 一般说来 Xsd+5="{N
in short = in a few words 简言之 s_%KWkS
in conclusion = lastly 最后地 `]j:''K
on the whole = taking everything into consideration 从总体来看(把所有因素考虑在内) nj6|WJ
therefore 因此 .dKFQH iYJ
as has been mentioned 正如所提到的 CJe~>4BT
it is quite clear that 很显然 9qI#vHA
there is no doubt that 毫无疑问 "g:1br?X,9
it is well-known that 大家都知道 ^!rAT1(/_
as we all know = as is known R?iC"s!
to sum up = to summarize = in summary 总之 [(
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