目录: {^WK#$]
第01章 名词性从句 >}+{;d
第02章 “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 gV2vw
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第03章 高中英语语法中的省略现象 2n:<F9^"
第04章 主谓一致 wa"0`a:`;
第05章 动词不定式 rH
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第06章 倒装结构
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第07章 定语从句 r#sg5aS7O|
第08章 被动语态 9/k2 zXY
第09章 祈使句 b`jR("U
第10章 感叹句 \ 'm7un
第11章 疑问句 FA+HR
第12章 名词 q +?&w'8
第一章 名词性从句 uf6egm5 ]
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在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 aTvyz r1
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一． 主语从句 {7 :1F)Pj
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 w
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1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 +^AdD8U
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： ' .v;/[0
a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see thefilm. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 G*=HjLmZg
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 3r~8:F"g
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） OxJ HhF
d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 7!M; ?Y
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2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 mS%4
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 $ . tT
It is a fact that … 事实是… `{#""I^_
It is an honor that …非常荣幸 !XTzsN
It is common knowledge that …是常识 @1j*\gYz
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句 r*{.|>me
It is natural that… 很自然… w"v96%"Y
It is strange that… 奇怪的是… g0 Q,]\~
(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句 }0&Fu?sP
It seems that… 似乎… BsA4/Bf
It happened that… 碰巧… M&iXdw&
It appears that… 似乎… %RW*gUvc]
(4) It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句 ^ C
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It is reported that… 据报道… +P))*0(c_
It has been proved that… 已证实… >_Tyzl>z
It is said that… 据说… xjp0w7L)J
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3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： Lq3<&$
（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 b0 }dy\dnQ
（2）It is said/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： hGKQK
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正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school nextweek. KEy8EB
错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week issaid. 2a-]TVL3
（3）Ithappens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： b|V <Kp
正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. gR/?MJ(v
错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. hc W> R
（4）It doesn’t matterhow/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： sC"w{_D@*4
正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. [$} \Gv
错误表达：Whether he iswrong or not doesn’t matter. oHfr
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（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： xm=Gt$>.o
正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? fNda&
错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely? ;M mu}
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4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 id,' + <
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： |"}7)[BW}
a) What you said yesterday is right. k v_t6 (qd
b) That she is still alive is a consolation pSAtn
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二．宾语从句 Ne;0fk O
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。 nWc@ufY
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1. 作动词的宾语 'pUJREb
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如： K8&) kfyI
I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 KL!cPnAUu
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：
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a) She did not know what hadhappened. 她不知道发生了什么。 z&c}
b) I wonder whether you canchange this note for me. 我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。 3_9CRE ZCl
(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如： TC2%n\
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She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她对我说她会接受我的邀请。 RnC+]J+?4
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2. 作介词的宾语，例如： T#6g5Jnsp
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。 O> _ F
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3. 作形容词的宾语，例如： MSBrI3MqQ
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。 hi(e%da
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注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious,aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised,worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt,satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。 2yFT` 5+H4
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4. it 可以作为形式宾语 p{v*/<.;
it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： T.')XKP)1N
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。 +e.w]\}
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5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 IG\ Cj7{K^
这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn,celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如： H2Z
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正确表达：I admire theirwinning the match. Q}l~n)=
错误表达：I admire thatthey won the match. ~H
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6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 X<$D NRN
有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order,accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如： Y-st2r[,
正确表达：He impressedthe manager as an honest man. y3j"vKG
错误表达：He impressedthe manager that he was an honest man. $`%Om WW{
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7. 否定的转移 -&]!ig5v
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy,guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如： '3syS
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I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 '+vmC*-I(
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三. 表语从句 9iM%kY# )W
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look,remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason isthat… 和It is because 等结构。例如： H[ OgnnM
1) The question is whether we can makegood preparation in such a short time. eV(9I v[
2) This is why we can’t get the support ofthe people. b5
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3) But the fact remains that we are behindthe other classes. e3p:l
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4) The reason he is late for school isthat he missed the early bus. Q[q`)~|
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四. 同位语从句 dT?3Q;>B?
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 nu~]9~)I
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1. 同位语从句的功能 yf8kBT:&S
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如： v*dw' i
1)The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all thepeople. 5E~^-wX
2)The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. 3/ }
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2. 同位语在句子中的位置 -<5{wQE;|
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如： BbC O K
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. Za3}:7`Gu
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3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 ! d!u{1Y&
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 -]D/8,|s
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：
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1) The news that he told me is that Tomwould go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） xY!u d)
2)The news that Tom would go abroad istold by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分） Q% d1n*;+
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高一英语名词性从句专项练习 2@GizT*mA
1．____he does has nothingto do with me. ,% l}TSs
A. whatever B. No matterwhat C. That D. If *tEqu
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2. The manager came over and asked the customer how____ 1hGj?L0m.
A. did the quarrel came about B.the quarrel had come about |llJ%Jh
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C. had the quarrel come about D. had the quarrel come about xSK#ovH2
3. Energy is ____makes thing work.. ]6)u$4X6$
A. what B. something C. anything D. that g""GQeR
4. Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. bG@ 2f"
A. while B. that C. when D. as ozRTY9S
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5. This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed. @y`xFPB
A. there B. in which C. where D. when ^9q#,6
6. They have no idea at all____. M % !;5
A. where he has gone B.where did he go n%J=!z3
C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone ;' uQBx}
7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die ofthe disease. y3s+.5;
A. that B. which C. of which D. ofthat 6xJffl
8. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning. 4.jRTL5-oj
A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leave
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C. /; must leave D. when; should leave #[lhem] IC
9. ___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match. f;zNNx<
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A. There; that B. It; that C. there; whether D. It; whether 7 D#y
10. The question came up at themeeting_____ we had enough money for our research. ls]N&!/hq
A. that B. which C. whether D. if 67&
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11. Is _____he said really true? K ?!qNK
A. that B. what C. why D. whether DdgiY9a.
12.____the meeting should last two days orthree days doesn’t matter. PFh ^Z L
A. That B. Whether C. If D. Where s.}K?)mH
13. It worried her a bit _____her hair wasturning gray. U@mznf* J
A. while B. if C. that D. for n_e 'n|T
14. ???_____more countries can use naturalenergy in the future remains to be seen. 3N+lWuE}K
A. Whether B. This C. who D. If `NsjtT'_
15.____he will go to work in a mountainvillage surprises all of us. fo@^=-4A-
A. What B. That C. Whether D. If
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16. ____you don’t like him is none of mybusiness. xLz=)k[''
A. What B. That C. Who D. How H0Pxw
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17.____all the inventions have in commonis ____they have succeeded. YZBh
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A. What; what B. That; that C. what; that D. That ; what c0@8KW[,
18. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed thefood very much. aKbmj
A. What B. It C. All that D. That H,!xTy"Wh
19. It is widely ______that smoking cancause cancer. L8QWEFB|
A. believed B. think C. say D. hoped +J X;T(T
20. ____caused the accident is still acomplete mystery. 'jtC#:ePK
A. What B. That C. How D. Where ~f1g"
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Keys: #.bW9j/
1—5 ABABC 6—10 AABAC 11—15 BBCAB 16—20 BCBAA 86
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