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一、长短句原则 ZR]p7{8B
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: `d c&B
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. cT21
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
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强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。 &s#O iF8
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二、主题句原则 Cl6P,C
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! }A}cq!I^
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! *epK17i=
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. (N6=+dNY
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三、一二三原则 Prc(
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 0VnRtLnqI
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) b{BiC&3
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) (}RTHpD
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) f4O}WU}l{s
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) |F4)&xN\
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) &E]<KbVx
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) P^aNAa
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) EG8%X "p
8)most important of all, moreover, finally ,\-4X
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) wG&Z7C b
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) i
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建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚! !a4`SjOgu
四、短语优先原则 m2%n:
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: ^S`N\X
I cannot bear it. d};[^q6X
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. )gx*;z@
I want it. )EK\3q
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. %CZGV7JdA
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。 33ZHrZ
五、多实少虚原则 G?^w
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原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。 \j<aFOT(
再比如: l1.eAs5U
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room a$EudD#+
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room ]5Q)mWF
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room wHZ(=z/q
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room *Z+U}QhHD6
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room L'$({
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩! &p+2Vz{
六、多变句式原则 4QE")Ge
1)加法(串联)
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都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: ]M 2n%9
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. Uh XVeGO
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: #sv:)p
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. <vzU}JA\
其它的短语可以用: *l@T
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besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover @.=2*e.z|b
2)转折(拐弯抹角) MH]?:]K9V
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 DB'3h7T
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. -j^G4J
The coat was thin, but it was warm. o9v.]tb
更多的短语: {)4@rM
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding MnQ 6 !1Z
3)因果(so, so, so) CHdYY7\{
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! <^+&A7Q-_
The snow began to fall, so we went home. M2A3]wd2a
更多短语: S,s") )A1
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that [C3wjYi
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) }cIj1
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有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 v){X&HbP
举例:This is what I can do. RRtOBrIedI
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 3P*"$ fH
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: 'l1cuAP!+
When to go, Why he goes away… ^Uldyv/
5)附加(多此一举) ]2z
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如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 ?o d*"M
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. 5?TjuGc
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. ks8x xY
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 7D4I>N'T
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 r+nhm"9
6)排比(排山倒海句) 0[s<!k9=
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! cV* 0+5
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. K
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Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. ,oj)`?Vh
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) >&|/4`HSB
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可! {Yti
七、挑战极限原则 gk"J+uM
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! j,g.Eo
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: -\~x^5K
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. LMYO>]dg
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China. f>+:UGmP
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! M+\LH
文章主体段落三大杀手锏: !%YV0O0
一、举实例 G6j9,#2@
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! p:qj.ukw
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. 9 Dx9alJR
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. x
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更多句型: n]%yf9,w
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example [3hOc/]s
二、做比较 ht^xcc
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; Psu*t%nQ?A
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: 5I@2U vV8
相似的比较: qn@:A2ed
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner ,46k8%WW
相反的比较: =
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on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, … =ZN~*HLl}
三、换言之 fmq9u(!
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没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 SgPvQ'\
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! ~@bh[o~rF
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. HWT^u$a"
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you. |0/~7l
或者上面我们举过的例子: _8"%nV
I cannot bear it. 6'qC *r
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. TwXqk>J
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it. V3$Yr"rZ;
更多短语: .`K<Iug1
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply