1、abide, adhere, conform, comply )'t&LWS~
这四个研究生入学考试中的高频考词都有“遵守”的意思,但是它们的搭配不同。 2lBfc
abide v.后接by表示“遵守,同意”。 'tzN.p1O
I will abide by the director' decision.我将遵从主任的决定。
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adhere v.后接to表示“遵守”。(当然adhere一词的其它意思如“坚持;粘附”也经常被考到。) )u_[cEJHO
Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。 5B+I
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conform v.后接to表示“遵守,符合”。 zvP>8[
All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments.每个人都应该遵守政府制订的法律。 V']1j
comply v.后接with表示“遵守,服从”,用于正式的场合。 X0gWTs
Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying LDq(WPI1#
taxes.我们公司遵守政府有关纳税的规定。 )u(Dq u\t
2、abnormal, uncommon, disordered
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这三个单词都有“反常的”之意,在考博当中经常让考生们辨析它们的细微差别。
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abnormal a.不正常的,反常的(但并非罕见),指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。 u}IQ)Ma
His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree BpZ17"\z
centigrade.他的体温三天来一直都不正常,最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。(尽管身体发烧不正常,但生活中也时有发生。) A**PGy.Ni
uncommon a.罕见的,不平常的,指很少经历或很少见到的状况;特别的,出色的。 d7Devs
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Hurricanes are uncommon in England.飓风在英国非常罕见。 0w
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That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great!那速溶咖啡质量上乘,味道好极了! SI@Yct]<g
disordered a.混乱的,杂乱的;(精神或身体)有病的。 -
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We couldn't understand her disordered presentation.我们听不明白她条理不清的陈述。 w?zY9Fs=
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3、abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish i$W=5B>SO
这一组动词都有“取消,除掉”的意思。 7[u$!.4{*
abolish v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除;完全破坏。 WL/9r
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The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消了酒税。 j*}2AI
cancel v.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消;删去(字、句)。 ,}_uk]AQ
The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.会议由于流感而取消了。 '2.11cM3
eliminate v.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东西。 AT]Ty
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competition.失利的那个队被淘汰了,不能参加下一阶段的比赛。 >n^[-SWJCT
The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the Ks-aJ+}
intestine.医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。 %R[X_n=
dispose v.处理,处置;表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。) /*yPy?
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11、accomplishment, attainment, achievement IB+)2 `
这三个名词都有“成就”的意思。 >
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accomplishment n.成功,成就;才艺,修养。 'U'#_mYG
Climbing that high mountain was an accomplishment for the hikers.对于登山运动员来说,爬上了那座山就是成功。 86,$ I+
Being able to paint well is just one of her accomplishments.画画得好只是她的许多才能之一。 S0<m><|kl
attainment n.指学识和造诣(常用作复数);达到,到达。 !,3U_!
a scholar of the highest attainments造诣极高的学者 K'zG[[P
achievement n.可指抽象的“成就”,或具体的“成绩”,与accomplishment是同义词。 v
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12、accuse, charge j,/t<@S>
两个动词都有“控诉,指控”之意,但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。 B=`"!?we
accuse v.指控,控诉,与介词of连用。 )c$)am\I{
The police accused him of theft.警察指控他犯有盗窃罪。 ';z5]O~
charge v.可以指因为小错而受的责备,也指因违法而受到控告,与介词with连用。 H^no&$2`1
The police charged him with murder.警察指控他犯了谋杀罪。 sB,>4*Zd
13、acquire, attain, obtain, gain, earn, achieve, secure ].eY]o}=
这一组动词都有"获得,取得"的意思,在考研和CET-6当中屡次出现它们之间的辨析。 Z|kMoB
acquire v.多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等,也可用于对财物等的获得,该词强调"一经获得就会长期持有"的含义。 4{r_EV[(
It is through learning that the individual acquires many habitual ways of reacting to situations.正是通过学习,个人才得以获得应付各种情况的习惯做法。 D<