06年考博英语试题 ~Y/z=^
NR/-m7#-
.9\Cy4_qSd
中国政法大学2006年博士研究生入学考试英语试题 CT5Y/E?}
/.Wc_/
考试日期: 三月十八日上午 REx[`x,GUh
(4)3W^/kk?
(
ji_o^
I>m;G
`
(Time Limit: 180 minutes) #DaP=k"XV
c57b f
s}b*5@8|tA
O`[]xs
ucFw,sB1
0
e9A+&r
Part I Vocabulary and Structure (15 points) ~M[>m~8
7jZrU|:yu(
Part II Cloze (10 points) CI1m5g [P
`1p?*9Ssn
Part III Reading Comprehension (20 points) .%hQJ{vf-^
T.euoFU{Z
Part IV Short Answer Questions (10 points) {1 HB!@%,(
o(SuU
GW
Part V Translation (30 points) InX{V|CW?
'!j(u@&!
Part VI Writing (15 points) +wjlAqMQ
v7$9QVze
wO\!xW:
v*gLNB,ZH
c( 8W8R
x_pMG!2
考试注意事项 q
SCTFJ0
(HaU,vP
"$%{}{#W0
HO G=c!b
一、 本考试的试卷一律在考场当场启封。 :'b%5/ ^q
|3W3+Rn!
二、 答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号分别填写在答题卡上和试卷二的答题纸密封线内。 qFGB'mIrFz
^K*~
<O-
三、 试卷上 Part I, Part II, 和 Part III 的答案一律用铅笔填涂在答题卡(Answer Sheet)上,并在相应的字母中间划线,如[A] [B] [C] [D]。试卷二上Part IV , Part V 和Part VI 的答案一律用钢笔或圆珠笔写在试卷二的答题纸上。凡写在试题册上的答案无效。 \j/}rzo]
xP{m9_Qj
四、 本试卷全部考试时间为180分钟。 ,$SkaTBe
} pSt@3o,
五、 考生须等监考人员将全部试卷及答题卡和试卷二答题纸收点无误并宣布本考试结束后,方可离开考场。 012:BZR
O\:;q*]
orK +B4
xBt4~q;#sE
试卷一 TEST PAPER ONE }$&);7(w
)OS>9
kFH
d"Ml^rAn
eF*TLI<[^I
Part I Vocabulary and Structure (15 points) }b<87#Nb9R
ejDCmD
u_hE7#i
;N9n'Sq4
Section A (10 points) O>kXysM v>
Cw@k.{*7,
Directions: There are 10 sentences in this section. Each sentence has a word or phrase underlined. There are four words and phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the one word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined parts. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet by drawing with a pencil a single line through the center in the brackets. :K!GR
7Q<Kha
&
T5fH!?4
s,{RP0|
1. Maxwell, 36, a former Mirror Group executive, was also in court this month, charged with conspiracy to defraud. >}xAg7\^
OYQXi
A. discarding B. maiming C. cheating D. repealing ptnMCF
/7!_un9
2. In 1929 Parliament decreed that all women should have the right to vote. _3-RoA'UZr
3J'Bm"
A. predicted B. ordered C. decided D. resolved m? ]zomP
?HEo9/ *7
3. The signals you put across at the job interview can flag your future ambitions. Wo<PmSt9i
S&;T_^|
A. decline B. prolong C. frown D. linger .x\/XlM
Y`E{E|J
4. He worked as a man obsessed, oblivious to family and friends, shunning holidays, forgetting anniversaries. -&f]Xu
P@o,4\;K
A. nervous about B. furious about C. irritated by D. unaware of {+9^PC_hm;
QiQ2XW\E
5. Once you become famous your private life comes under public scrutiny. i`ZHjW~`
QI
:/,w
A. pressure B. counterattack C. examination D. revision dvrvpDoE.
8k*
6. Trade will reduce welfare when transport costs are sufficiently close to prohibitive and increase it when they are sufficiently low. 9~Y)wz
tDuUAI
54
A. momentary B. forbidden C. strange D. tolerable f
6dE\
CguU+8]
7. Does his confession obligate his wife to be reconciled to him? OoU '86)
3=G5(0
A. require B. determine C. force D. encourage 7#~m:K@
Np5/lPb1
8. The burglar was arrested, but the person who helped him in the crime got away. +Y>cBSO
w;h\Y+Myyk
A. his associate B. his affiliate C. his accomplice D. his employer y<Z#my$`|n
fs)q7 7g
9. Dr. Thompson gave an exposition of the theory and practice of socialism. EnsNO_"e|
4BUK5)B
A. accounted for B. expounded ^|:{,d#Y
9<0$mE^:
C. looked into D. covered up ZF11v(n
|WwFE|<
10. All their efforts to solve the problem proved futile. p;QX"2
XQg%*Rw+t
A. useless B. undesirable C. unnecessary D. worthless >-./kI "
`QyALcO
lLwQridFXh
4|o{_g[
q0KXuMK
bZ@53
Section B (5 points) X7B)jH%N
sR0e&Y
Directions: There are 10 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet by drawing with a pencil a single line through the center in the brackets. !kk %;XSZ
3lrZ-k+S{
1 0Tg> H
P
Tc\I
11. Eve had to pay $ 5.00 because she wrote a bad check. She _____ her mon¬ey before she wrote a check. D 5wR?O
r
:MaAT<
A. must have deposited B. might have deposited d}B_ll#j-
,I:m*.q
C. can have deposited D. should have deposited hZ /
Vh[o[ U
12. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message ______. lIc9,|FL
r+.4|u
A. having been delivered B. to be delivered ,8 -_=*
p'c<v
)ia
C. being delivered D. to deliver PC(iqL8r
2P>za\
13. It's true that the suggestion they made will save a large amount of money. We won't adopt it, ______, because it will probably lead to disastrous consequences. 9h0,L/;\
^3@a0J=F
A. somehow B. otherwise C. therefore D. though s{EX ;
/Rcd}rO
14. The expression "not worth his salt" is still used today in English to refer to a person ______ to be incapable of doing a job. =
(h;L$
F^bQ-
A. felt B. to feel C. feeling D. to be felt Bst>9V&R
)KhVUFS1
15. Despite his disappointing record this year, I _____ the less feel that he is the best man we have in the department. 'oeg[
eeTaF!W
A. never B. no C. none D. nor X^ ]$/rI)
~W2&z]xD
16. When bird watchers find a nest, they are very careful not to disturb it lest the mother bird _____ frightened and desert it. +dpj?
6e-h;ylS
A. should be B. will be C. may be D. could be 4J2F>m40
W_n.V" hN
17. In the future industrialized society, computer knowledge will become ______ require¬ment as the ability to read and write. e
w ,ed U
kAQ Zj3P]
A. so basic a B. so a basic C. as basic a D. as a basic ,$ret@.H
(G!J==
18. Today's consumers buy, enjoy, use and discard more types of goods ______ could possibly have been imagined even a few years ago. 0c6AQP"=V
}ucg!i3C
A. that B. than C. but D. as vszAr(
t
6]49kHgMhe
19. In spite of the fact that Jim violated these regulations, it does not justify ______ him in that way now. "T[jQr
PY<V
A. you to treat B. you have treated C. you are treating D. your treating z`7C)p:
&b8D'XQu
20. My approach is not to learn everything about something, but ______ something about everything. zQfxw?~A
-T6%3>h
A. rather to learn B. to learn rather C. to rather learn D. rather learning YAG3PWmD
f^)nZ:~
@(?d0xCg
?q&mI* j!
Part II Cloze (10 points) 'F~SNIay
p5BcDYOw`
f|E'eFrFk
tC~it
U=V
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D beneath the passage. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. x" T^>
Q
\Nyxi7
!+l,
m8Hly
'FXZ`+r|
There is a story of a very wicked man who dies. Before he died, he was ___21___ the worst because there were ___22___ sins he had not committed. But when he woke up in the next ___23___ he found that conditions were not as bad ___24___ he had feared. In fact they were quite good. He had an extremely luxurious room ___25___ himself. The room was air-conditioned -- ___26___ a trace of the excessive heat he had feared. He ___27___ food and a smiling waitress immediately ___28___ with a delicious banquet. He felt ___29___ drinking and a large choice of wines was in front of him ___30___. Y>~zt -
OaWq8
MIZ-
A couple of weeks of this pleasant life went by and the man began to get ___31___ restless. It was all very nice ___32___ he had been an active man in the other life and he felt he ___33___ like to do something. He lifted the house-phone and a(n) ___34___ voice came on the line: )j*qGsOg
["/x~\c'N
“Yes, sir, what can we do for you? No ___35___ with room service, I hope?” [D\AVx&
06;{2&ju<
“Oh, certainly not! The service here is excellent, quite ___36___ my expectations. It is just that I would like to be given an opportunity to do something.” ajr8tp'
\Y p
oJ!-
“I’m sorry, sir,” came the ___37___ reply, “that’s the one thing management can’t ___38___ here.” Ey%NqOs0#
|&Wo-;Ud
The man began to get annoyed and he said, “In that case I might ___39___ in Hell!” rJwJ5U
ocU
u
“Why, sir,” came the surprised voice, “___40___ did you think you were?” H_]kR&F8
H0 t1& :
EG6fC4rfC
UPF=X)!M
21. A. trying B. preparing C. fearing D. getting Z0KA4O$eL
$_kU)<e3
22. A. few B. a few C. some D. many ^lj>v}4fkW
~~mQ
23. A. day B. life C. room D. way uyIA]OtyN
s]UeDZ<a
24. A. when B. just C. like D. as K~R{q
+
"H8N,eb2
25. A. on B. to C. of D. with {rQ`#?J}^?
wC~Uy%
26. A. not B. having C. by D. with `N+ P,
mMH0 o
27. A. fond of B. fell on C. called for D. attended to {;r5]wimb
F2=97=R
28. A. stepped B. went C. dealt D. appeared gO%3~f!vY#
=8-e1R/
29. A. like B. for C. happy D. out of zuw6YY8kQ
XT)@)c7j
30. A. in places B. in an instant C. around the clock D. from the view %BJ V$tO
dL>ZL1.$
31. A. a lot B. some C. much D. a little Yhfk{ CI
(#~063N,#
32. A. but B. still C. and D. whenever hdzaU&w
h1$,
33. A. ought to B. would C. could D. had to o'
G")o
3f0RMk$pH
34. A. terrible B. broken C. emotional D. prompt TD'1L:mv
%0 S0"t
35. A. opinions B. good C. complaints D. choice S"*wP[d.9
5n<Efi]
j
36. A. in B. beyond C. outside D. with HzV3O-Qz]
6;Bqu5_Cj
37. A. vague B. expected C. affirmative D. regretful 5K0Isuu>>
U:H*b{`TU
38. A. allow B. allocate C. affect D. avoid 6v-h!1p{u
YC{od5a
39. A. be very well B. be well to be C. as well be D. as well as umY4tNe]$
c(:GsoO
40. A. what B. how C. which D. where #-{4F?DA]y
tlE+G@|^
i -+B{H
j:g
/[_0s
Part III Reading Comprehension (20 points) 5bk5EE`
{B34^H:
V}&
N
G4wtDa
Directions: In this part there are five passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers. Choose the one you think is the best answer. Then on your Answer Sheet, find the corresponding letter and mark your choice on the Answer Sheet by drawing with a pencil a single line through the center in the brackets. Jf2
I%|W
O*x
pl5!Ih6
|VIBSty2d
Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage: VgOj#Z?K
bV}43zI.
Passage 1 Lf3:' n
o@}Jd0D4
At a trial the selection of the jury is made subject to the direction of the presiding judge. The names of the prospective jurors are drawn by lot by the clerk of the court. Both the defense and the prosecution may examine the jurors to ascertain whether cause for challenge in any particular case exists – that is, whether circumstances exist that might improperly influence a juror’s decisions, such as bias or self-interest. The parties to the action or their attorneys may then exercise their right to eliminate undesirable members from the jury by means of challenge. 2s~X
0e&Vvl4DK
After a satisfactory jury has been drawn, the jury is formed, and the trial proceeds. In general, during the progress of a trial, all questions of law are determined by the court and questions of fact by the jury. The limits of the inquiry as to facts are determined by the pleadings and the rules of evidence. Whether evidence is properly admissible or not is a question for the court, but the weight and credibility of the evidence admitted are determined by the jury. The court, however, may decide a question of fact without sending the question to the jury if no conflict of evidence exists on the point. The court may also interpret written instruments received in evidence without aid of the jury. S~hNSw(-
0]&~ddL
After all the evidence has been presented, the two counsels, first for the defendant and then for the plaintiff or prosecution, “sum up,” that is, each addresses the jury, reviewing the evidence in the case and commenting on it in a manner favorable to that counsel’s side of the case. The judge then makes a charge to the jury. The charge is a statement of the rules of law applicable to the evidence in that particular case. It is given in order to aid the jury in giving a correct verdict. The jury then retires from the courtroom to begin deliberations. These deliberations continue until an agreement as to the verdict is reached, or until the presiding judge deems that the jury cannot reach an agreement. The latter case is known as a hung jury. In the event that no agreement is reached, a new trial may be called. All members of a jury must agree on a verdict, which in a civil trial may be “for the plaintiff” or “for the defendant,” and in a criminal trial “guilty” or “not guilty.” (In some states, however, the verdict in a civil trial need not be unanimous.) In a civil trial the jury is then empowered to set the amount of any damages. The verdict of a jury is decisive and cannot be disturbed unless it is contrary to law or against the weight of evidence. In such a case the verdict may be set aside, either by the presiding judge or later on appeal. fDf:Jec`[
|:C=j/f
41. The selection of jurors may not be determined by _________. 1qtu,yIf
X2~>Z^,
U
A. the judge B. the lawyers of both parties k? X7h2
s/8>(-H#
C. the jury D. the defense and the prosecution -
3kg,=HU;
!h4L_D0
42. The _________ has the right to determine whether the evidence is believable or not. 1-4W4"#
O.Z<dy+
A. judge B. jury ?J
io9Zr
Gz@'W%6yaV
C. court D. attorney "*a^_tsT?i
gq!|0
43. “Plaintiff” in paragraph 3 refers to ________. j'g':U
#}3$n/
A. the prosecution side B. the defendant +Ccj@#M;
@Pb!:HeJE
C. the defense side D. the lawyer 30 bScW<08
/Ii a >XY
44. If the jury determines that the accused person has murdered a person, it will report to the judge that the verdict is _________. sz9C':`W
g4^=Q'j-
A. for the plaintiff B. for the defendant '#L.w6<B
MIGcV9hf
C. guilty D. not guilty
bVaydJ*
ju~js
&==X.2XW
Ev+m+
Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage: >VIb|YA
lky{<jZ%
Passage 2 mWN9/+!
.s Ci9d
WR
The most important of these scholars was Confucius, a minor aristocrat and official of the state of Lu, in the present Shandong Province, who spent most of his life in the late 500s and early 400s BC as an itinerant scholar-teacher and adviser to the rulers of various states. To reestablish order and prosperity, he advocated a restoration of the imperial government, social and family organizations, and the rules of propriety prescribed in the classical literature of the early Zhou dynasty. The most important element in his system, however, was the individual. Confucius taught that each human being must cultivate such personal virtues as honesty, love, and filial piety through study of the models provided in the ancient literature. This would bring harmony to the graded hierarchy of family, society, and state. The most important individuals were the ruler and his advisers, because their standards of virtuous conduct would set an example for the realm. 6HeZ<.d&
HY|=Z\l"
Confucius did not speak directly on such basic issues of his day as the nature of human beings, the rights of the people against tyrannical rulers, and the influence of the supernatural in human affairs. Two of his 4th and 3rd century BC disciples, Mencius and Xunzi, did much to clarify these issues. Mencius asserted that human nature was basically good and that it could be developed not only by study, as Confucius had taught, but also by a process of inner self-cultivation. Like Confucius, Mencius accepted the hierarchically ordered feudal society in which he lived, but he placed far greater stress on the responsibilities of the ruler for the welfare of the people. If the people rose up and overthrew a tyrant, it was proof that Heaven had withdrawn its mandate. In the name of Heaven Mencius claimed for the Chinese people the right of rebellion. Xunzi took an exactly opposite view of human nature, he asserted that rebellion was fundamentally evil. Xunzi, however, was sufficiently optimistic to believe in people’s unlimited capacity for improvement. He taught that through education, the study of the classics, and the rules of propriety, virtue could be acquired and order could be reestablished in society. 0<(F
8
4'9yMXR
45. According to Confucian doctrine a person should have all the following virtues except _________. M*6}# ST
"-bsWC
A. integrity B. love KVQ|l,E,
/
!}
~K'1"
C. filial piety D. hierarchy %+0
7>/
vG;)(.:
46. ________ emphasized the responsibility of rulers to their subjects more than any other philosopher. JWzN 'a R
w=Cqv~
A. Confucius B. Mencius C5k\RS9
/>FgDIO
C. Xunzi D. Laozi :s(vn Ie^
1j4(/A
47. Mencius and Xunzi have ________ about rebellion of citizens. ~m@v ~=
=\u QGH
A. the same view B. similar views c:>&iB-Yu
xweV8k/
C. different views D. negative views 3"9'MDKH
ur*@TIvD
48. In the last sentence of the last paragraph there is a phrase, “rules of propriety”, which means _________. 35>VCjCw0
dG{D2~#
A. property rules B. property regulations e(t,~(
o'uv5asdb
C. rules of convention D. convention of conduct 60*;a*cy
Nw
74T
tp4/c'w;)J
|gl~wG1@
Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage: )+!~xL
4O~E4" ]
Passage 3 XnBpL6"T`
`F)Q=
Some people draw sharp distinctions between civil liberties and civil rights. These people distinguish between freedom from certain actions and freedom to be treated in certain ways. They regard civil liberties as guarantees that a person will enjoy freedom from government interference. They think of civil rights as guarantees that all people will have the freedom to be treated equally. For example, civil liberties would include freedom from government interference with a person’s right to free speech. Civil rights would include everyone’s freedom to receive equal protection of the law. In this article, the term civil rights refers to both civil liberties and civil rights. 5|I2
* &iSW~s
All civil rights have limits, even in democratic countries. For example, a person may be denied freedom of speech in a democracy if it can be shown that his or her speech might lead to the overthrow of the government. A person may not use civil rights to justify actions that might seriously harm the health, welfare, safety, or morals of others. y]z^e\qc)
~[E@P1
A person may be denied a civil right if that right is used to violate other people’s rights. Freedom of expression, for example, does not permit a person to tell lies that ruin another person’s reputation. Property owners have the right to do what they choose with their property. However, this right may not allow a person legally to refuse to sell property to a person of a certain race or religion. This is because the property owner would be denying the other person equal freedom of choice. IIn0w2:i
+W=
The specific limits of civil rights vary with the times. In time of war, a government may restrict personal freedoms to safeguard the country. Changing social and economic conditions also cause changes in the importance that people give certain rights. During the late 1800’s, most people in the United States valued property rights more than personal freedoms. But since the late 1930’s, most Americans have shown greater concern for personal freedoms and equality of opportunity. fevLu[,
z%
ln}
49. In this passage, the author mainly discusses _________. E="FE.%A
AYB
=iLa
A. that civil liberties and civil rights are the same t")+L{
Cpyv@+;D
B. that there is limits in civil rights HLjXH#ry
#Kr\"o1]
C. what is civil rights Y6_%HYI$
MT`gCvoF4P
D. what is civil liberties )+'De
2<