图表及图表类型 {;c'@U
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram )hXTg
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2、各类图表: !m+Pd.4TaB
表格:table; Nc7"`!;-
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; v$|~
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饼形图:piechart; qTr P@F4`g
线形图:linechart 或curve chart ~v.mbh
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 (?7=,A7^
1、“数字数据”相关 ,PTM'O@aU#
(1) the number of sth. Mw/9DrE7/
(2) data, statistics, figures ]?tRO
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion AafS6]y
(4) around, over, appropriately WiS3W;
2、表达“上升” r ;RYGLx
(1)常见词汇 L0fe
increase → (名词形式increase ) nF <K84
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) a)QT#.
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) S4x9k{Xn
go up :>0ywg
注意以下短语数量上的区别: @N4_){s*
increase by +数字上升到... .Vbd-jr'M
increase to +数字上升了... N PT-d
reach to +数字达到... !p
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(2)其他词汇 JU?;Kq9R
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 IzpE|8l
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 z1J)
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rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 \,Y
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(3) 地道表达 NfV|c~?d
double, triple 41X`.
3、表达“下降” JbPk
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(1) 常见词汇 ,hn#DJ)
decrease (名词形式decrease ) %R0 Wq4}
drop (名词形式drop) I%5vI}
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) Lh[0B.g<
decline (名词形式decline ) d&+]@ Ii
go down sFpg
(2)其他词汇 tbS hSbj
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 yB UQ!4e
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 u7< +)6-
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 MQoA\
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 <P h50s4
4、表达“波动” w}3N!jNDv
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) D6bYg `
go up and down 5P!ZGbG
rise and fall h4`8C]
5、表达“保持平稳” <=.6Z*x+
remain stable (或 remain constant) rfwJLl/
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) cY5&1Shb~
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) <XLae'R
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 ]o] VS
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable w/#7G\U
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 `%Ih'(ne
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady EH844k8
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▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” *u+DAg'&
1、v. + adv. 4/(#masIL
decline slowly A%D'Z85
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grow dramatically kY]"3a
fluctuate sharply m*y&z'e\
2、 adj. + n. 8eB,$;i
a slow decline JBpV'_"]
a dramatic growth 7!J-/#!
a sharp fluctuation |+Wn5iT
a slight increase pT,8E(*l2
a significant increase NJBSVCb
3、 on a +adj.+ n fG0ZVV!
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: sa.H,<;
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. _mm(W=KiL
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. FJ0I&FyWs