图表及图表类型 K ajyQ"j
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram /J:j
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2、各类图表: lX7^LB
表格:table; ,%^0 4sl
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; V _,*
饼形图:piechart; }#M|3h;q9+
线形图:linechart 或curve chart X35hLp8 M
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 j.*}W4`Q_
1、“数字数据”相关 |d8o<Q
(1) the number of sth. `pr,lL
(2) data, statistics, figures D1a4+AyI
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion ljRR
(4) around, over, appropriately b7/4~_s
2、表达“上升” .u&g2Y
(1)常见词汇 L\5n!(,0
increase → (名词形式increase ) X-)6.[9f
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) ~yV0SpL
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) n@f@-d$m\<
go up j.sf FS
注意以下短语数量上的区别: Rh|&{Tf
increase by +数字上升到... 6IA
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increase to +数字上升了... =:DNb(
reach to +数字达到... ?p]w_l
(2)其他词汇 *!r8HV/<
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 8in8_/x
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 {.AFg/Z
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 ,fbO}
(3) 地道表达 g"xZ{k_3
double, triple 0X;Dr-3<
3、表达“下降” H3JWf
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(1) 常见词汇 ]M.ufbg uq
decrease (名词形式decrease ) v?}/WKe+0
drop (名词形式drop) *ZHk^d:
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) a,X3=+_
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decline (名词形式decline ) {az8*MR=X
go down x~
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(2)其他词汇 XS>4efCJ
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 2HUoT\M
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 q^gd1K<N
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 @E1N9 S?>
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 s`TfNwDvU
4、表达“波动” :t(}h!7
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) zk?lNs
go up and down >[[< 5$,T
rise and fall ]RV6(|U4_
5、表达“保持平稳” 7p{lDQ
remain stable (或 remain constant) !5ppA
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) h)sc-e
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) k(et b#
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 nfd^'}$]
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable h.PY$W<
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 _TH'v:C
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady g8^ $,
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” </7J:#
1、v. + adv. e<q;` H
decline slowly /|Zk$q.\
grow dramatically V_h
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fluctuate sharply n{|~x":9V
2、 adj. + n. eP6>a7gc
a slow decline q^EG'\<^
a dramatic growth 5E4np`J
a sharp fluctuation iielAj*b
a slight increase }{HlY?S
a significant increase p9fx~[_5/
3、 on a +adj.+ n _
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例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: iWO16
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1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. uPt({H
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. / F9BbG{