图表及图表类型 RgQs`aI
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram -V[x
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2、各类图表: JEMc _ngR!
表格:table; cGdYfi
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; %d(= >
饼形图:piechart; /wt7KL-I
线形图:linechart 或curve chart uZ\+{j=
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 p:W]
1、“数字数据”相关 v}d)uPl};
(1) the number of sth. NVsaV;u
(2) data, statistics, figures '=#fELMW
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion ()O&O+R|)
(4) around, over, appropriately 72yJv=G
2、表达“上升” UXJblo#
(1)常见词汇 q^Oj/ws
increase → (名词形式increase ) ih^FH>@
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) *KY:U&*
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) &r4|WM/ec
go up )`R}@(r.
注意以下短语数量上的区别: {B4qeG5
increase by +数字上升到... c
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increase to +数字上升了... $D !/v)3
reach to +数字达到... -D'XxOI
(2)其他词汇 T]-MrnO
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 L/C~l3
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 R]&Csr#~
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 #fns3=/H
(3) 地道表达 Abt<23$h
double, triple Z_m<x!
3、表达“下降” Mh5
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(1) 常见词汇 UF#!6"C@
decrease (名词形式decrease ) XC^*z[#4{
drop (名词形式drop) ^4^N} 7>5
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) ".(vR7u'
decline (名词形式decline ) \WE&5
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go down pa+'0Y]71
(2)其他词汇 `Y4K w
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 Q'Osw"
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 n>j2$m1[
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 DlE, aYB
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 \+O.vRc"M
4、表达“波动” PD.$a-t
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) QDQ"Sc06
go up and down gI;"P kN
rise and fall =N\; ?eF(
5、表达“保持平稳” lsOv#X-bE
remain stable (或 remain constant) ra T9
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) 7UMZs7L$
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) aM;SE9/U
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 nWIZ0Nde'
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable },l
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2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 <lf692.3
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady CE`]X;#y
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” U`qC.s(L
1、v. + adv. fe/;U=te
decline slowly (6ga*5
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grow dramatically rx gSQ+G_
fluctuate sharply F~
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2、 adj. + n. qS/}aDk&
a slow decline IRm}?hHf
a dramatic growth W-s 6+DY
a sharp fluctuation cj>UxU][eS
a slight increase @Z
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a significant increase l2St)`K8
3、 on a +adj.+ n hi!A9T3%}M
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: qKfUm:7Q_
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. 6U*CR=4
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. %(W&(eN