图表及图表类型 }N|/b"j9
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram 'Hia6<m3
2、各类图表: V9bLm,DtT
表格:table; Arv8P
P^'
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; 68>zO%
饼形图:piechart; ;Dgp
!*v=
线形图:linechart 或curve chart K;ML'
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 Smux&e
1、“数字数据”相关
l85"C
(1) the number of sth. }<S2W\,G
(2) data, statistics, figures j%h
Y0
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion e+WVN5"ID>
(4) around, over, appropriately /W>"G1)
2、表达“上升” 9|m L
(1)常见词汇 c2f$:XiM
increase → (名词形式increase ) "8]170
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) A~>=l=
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) gD\}CxtG
go up /0uinx
注意以下短语数量上的区别: k}.
nH"AQ
increase by +数字上升到... ?rDwYG(u]@
increase to +数字上升了... #*/h*GNMs
reach to +数字达到... GZt] 38V)g
(2)其他词汇 AF}"
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 7A6sSfPUy
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 #w@Pa L iS
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 U8KY/!XZ
(3) 地道表达 Hv\*F51p=
double, triple ~=ktFuEa
3、表达“下降” Se`N5hQ
(1) 常见词汇 (^9M9+L[i
decrease (名词形式decrease ) >6 #\1/RP
drop (名词形式drop) sQs5z~#51*
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) 2A|6o*s"
decline (名词形式decline ) |Ze}bM=N
go down f4_G[?9,
(2)其他词汇 NN'<-0~
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 Kj
8
W
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 CF"3<*%x
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 }8:
-I Nj4
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 A5ID I<a
4、表达“波动” #>B1$(@
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) qu+2..3
go up and down Yj\yO(o/
rise and fall h_yR$H&tX
5、表达“保持平稳” oZ:F3 GQ4Q
remain stable (或 remain constant) x{V>(d'p
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) *8H;KG
e=
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) UO<claV
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 $yFuaqG`Wo
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable .@-]A
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 RpP[ymMZJ
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady wLe&y4
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” #@s~V<rW
1、v. + adv. an[~%vxw}
decline slowly =e-aZ0P
grow dramatically q.[[c
fluctuate sharply U2lC !j%K
2、 adj. + n. VhI
IW"1
a slow decline w!w _`7[
a dramatic growth :gaeb8`t
a sharp fluctuation KqUSTR1e[
a slight increase [mzF)/[_2
a significant increase 7h&`BS
3、 on a +adj.+ n `oRs-,d|<
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: ^_h7!=W
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. 02#Iip3t
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. T1!Gr!=