图表及图表类型 NyJU?^f&v
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram 6CLrP}
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2、各类图表: 4*lShkL
表格:table; E$34myOVf
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; e\ k=T
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饼形图:piechart; C!B2.:ja
线形图:linechart 或curve chart ,2[laJ
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 FsY}mql
1、“数字数据”相关 4t|g G`QW7
(1) the number of sth. $/5Jc[Ow
(2) data, statistics, figures WcPDPu~/
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion 1s=M3m&H
(4) around, over, appropriately K&9|0xt
2、表达“上升” rv&(yA
(1)常见词汇 d%8
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increase → (名词形式increase ) <O?iJ=$
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) 1SP)`Q
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) j@v*q\X&
go up 8uM >Up X
注意以下短语数量上的区别: 8V;@yzIha
increase by +数字上升到... )(9>r/bq
increase to +数字上升了... vmv
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reach to +数字达到... =2\k
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(2)其他词汇 xpx=t71Hq
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 `Ff3H$_*
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 ~_QZiuq&
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 iP~5=
(3) 地道表达 sk\U[#ohH
double, triple
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3、表达“下降” sczN0*w&C
(1) 常见词汇 =GL}\I
decrease (名词形式decrease ) lt|\$Iy(
drop (名词形式drop) VJDF/)X3$
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) }Xr-xh\v
decline (名词形式decline ) A`TVV
go down -ZlBg~E
(2)其他词汇 ]iRE^o6
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 FAfk;<#'n+
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 gD3s,<>o
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 S(.AE@U
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 K:Wxx"
4、表达“波动” X|q&0W=
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) T1m"1Q
go up and down vp?87h
rise and fall l
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5、表达“保持平稳” SUINV_>7
remain stable (或 remain constant) K 4QJDC8
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) =dx!R ,
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▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) N:GS fM@g
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 hEi]-N\X
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable ']Gqa$(YC
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 'DO^ ($N
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady %@#+Xpa+
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” @X4Ur+d
1、v. + adv. px %xoY
decline slowly NUbw]Y90~
grow dramatically fuSfBtLPR#
fluctuate sharply bO 2>ced
2、 adj. + n. {STOWuY
a slow decline i]J*lM7'
a dramatic growth gF-<%<RV
a sharp fluctuation k4fc5P
a slight increase Z>gxECi
a significant increase 'kb5pl~U
3、 on a +adj.+ n 2+zE|I.
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达:
W2/FGJD
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. pd{W(M78g
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. PLU8:H@X