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主题 : 英语语法的十六种时态
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楼主  发表于: 2008-07-18   

英语语法的十六种时态

英语语法的十六种时态 一、概况 remc_}`w  
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一般时 'z9 1aNG]  
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进行时 "y8W5R5kL4  
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完成时 rX^uHq 8  
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完成进行时 ]R~ hzo  
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一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 将来完成进行时 一般过去将来时 过去将来进行时 过去将来完成时 过去将来完成进行时 "7-}#_!g  
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二、十六种时态的谓语形势 -I4@6v E,  
一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 完成进行时态 现在 do/does am/is/are doing have/has done have/has been doing 过去 did was/were doing had done had been doing 将来 shall/will do shall/will be doing shall/will have done shall/will have been doing 过去将来 should/would do ?yG[ VW  
should/would be doing should/would have done should/would have been doing (<.\v@7HC  
一般过去时的用法 r 7R39#  
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1)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 LT)I ?ud  
  When I was a child, I often played football in the street. uNEl]Q]<e]  
  Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.      `#ff`j|a  
o]I8Ghk>/z  
2)句型: ^$`mS&3/q  
  It is time for sb. to do sth  "到……时间了"  "该……了" ga,kKPL  
  It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了"  "早该……了" ~ p'|A}9[/  
  It is time for you to go to bed.  你该睡觉了。 83]m/Iz  
  It is time you went to bed.   你早该睡觉了。 h}tC +_"D  
  would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事' WNeBthq6  
  I'd rather you came tomorrow. "1\GU1x  
,yp#!gE~  
3) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 *" OlO}o  
 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 : ^p aI  
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比较: Wm{ebx  
  一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。 |Ch ,C  
 Christine was an invalid all her life.  q77qdm q7  
  (含义:她已不在人间。) ]H{* Z3S  
 Christine has been an invalid all her life.  0s Jp,4Vv  
  (含义:她现在还活着) -Ju; i<  
 Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. a;Pn.@NVq  
  (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) X. Ur`X  
 Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. \N-3JOVy  
 ( 含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去) *:+ZEFMq  
   @d^DU5ats>  
注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。 | Vlx :  
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 pd`m//G  
   Did you want anything else? .x] pJ9  
   I wondered if you could help me. xCWS  
2)情态动词 could, would. KJ S-{ed  
   Could you lend me your bike? Bxw(pACf  
一般将来时 @^ti*`  
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NOkgG0Z  
1) shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。 %,<Ki]F  
  will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在争求意见时常用于第二人称。 l\Ww^   
  Which paragraph shall I read first. M=&,+#z<V  
  Will you be at home at seven this evening? 6r D]6#D  
S-3hLw&?  
2) be going to +不定式,表示将来。 x H=15JY1W  
  a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。 o[WDPIG  
   What are you going to do tomorrow? eV(9I v[  
  b. 计划,安排要发生的事。 b5 NlL`g  
   the play is going to be produced next month。 L@zhbWY  
  c. 有迹象要发生的事 Q[q`)~|  
   Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. ^Mc9MZ)  
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3)  be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 5F ^VvzNn  
   We are to discuss the report next Saturday. %.$7-+:7A  
rMZuiRz*  
4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。 g*LD}`X/-  
  He is about to leave for Beijing. '6>*J  
  注意:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 |KS,k|).  
现在进行时 ]cmX f  
=Tl_~OR  
w7Y@wa!  
   Mr. GREen is writing another novel.  Qs59IZ  
   (说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) EEL3~H{(  
   She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. H, :]S-T  
 c. 表示渐变的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 xY!ud)  
   the leaves are turning red. 3z2 OW@zL$  
   It's getting warmer and warmer. 4:N*C7 P  
 d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 73Jm   
   You are always changing your mind. zhFm2   
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典型例题 bDtb6hL  
  My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.  >,]8iMh  
 A. has lost, don't find   B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found  D. is missing, haven't found.   H;=Fq+  
  答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态,应用进行时,由于没有找到,其影响仍然存在,应用完成时,瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。 X<[ qX*  
过去进行时 _(kaaWJ  
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1) 概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 %%uE^nX>  
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2) 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。 x6s|al  
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3) 常用的时间状语 Q zaD\^OF  
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while }P fAf  
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   My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.  `;;l {8  
   It was raining when they left the station. ;t\h"K<,|  
   When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.  M] /aW  
X(nyTR8  
典型例题 ?[NC }LC  
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.  SXOAa<u5  
A. made  B. is making  C. was making  D. makes &o;0%QgF  
  答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同 时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。 71c[ `h*0{  
iT4*~(p 3  
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. U-u?oU-.'  
read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell ?";SUku  
  答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。 IL %]4,  
比较过去时与现在完成时  V>'  
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一般过去时的时间状语: @ivd|*?k0  
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 [!A[oK9i C  
`R[ZY!=+  
共同的时间状语:  [s { !  
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately  y!77gx?-  
S }`sp[6  
现在完成时的时间状语 a[O6xA%  
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,      till / until, up to now, in past years, always, cqNK`3:.j  
不确定的时间状语 WD[eoi  
  u#E'k KGO  
  3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. $ E\|\g  
  过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 hi0HEm\  
 举例: dw bR,K  
  I saw this film yesterday. BPba3G9H  
  (强调看的动作发生过了。) Nz,yd%ua  
  I have seen this film. +T+@g8S  
  (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)  k&]nF,f  
  Why did you get up so early? Ma[EgG  
  (强调起床的动作已发生过了。) 9Eyx Ob  
  Who hasn't handed in his paper?  9oWU]A\k>  
  (强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。) |W">&Rb<t#  
  She has returned from Paris.  &_ekA44E  
   她已从巴黎回来了。 a:h<M^n049  
  She returned yesterday. I{`70  
   她是昨天回来了。 HGDrH   
  He has been in the League for three years. :]^e-p!z  
  (在团内的状态可延续) x*Lt]]A  
  He has been a League member for three years. d8j1L/e  
  (是团员的状态可持续)  QHEtG2  
  He joined the League three years ago.  >ZgzE  
  ( 三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。) )+E[M!34  
  I have finished my homework now.  z^gJy,T  
  O !L`0 =%c  
  ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? *Z5^WHwg  
  ---He's already been sent for.  bLgH3[{  
  句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。 *Gbhk8}V'  
  (错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. RU)35oEV|  
  (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.新开千年私服了!奇迹私服
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沙发  发表于: 2008-07-28   
好啊,多谢有心人
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板凳  发表于: 2008-10-01   
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