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主题 : 英语语法的十六种时态(续)
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楼主  发表于: 2008-07-18   

英语语法的十六种时态(续)

过去完成时 U<XfO'XJ  
a.   She said (that) she had never been to Paris. F\;l)  
 b. 状语从句 :SN?t  
   在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。 m|?1HCRXRI  
   When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. Xeis_  
 c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…" 90J WU$K  
   We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. $i8oLSRV  
~Odclrs  
3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 }|=Fnyj  
  He said that he had learned some English before. OL#i!ia.  
  By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. `tHF}  
 Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 6x!iL\Y~  
Wa?\W&  
典型例题  T 9}dgf  
  the students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.  NQ '|M  
A. had written, left B,were writing, has left  C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left .ArOZ{lKD>  
  答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前,因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点,表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下,when所引导的动作发生。因此 bWCtRli}  
前一句应用过去进行时。 &ML-\aSal  
~-yq,x  
注意: had no … when     还没等…… 就…… !a%_A^t7  
    had no sooner… than  刚…… 就…… @9]TjZd  
  He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. nob}}w]~C  
用于现在完成时的句型 |mw3v>  
+I. {y  
JAmpU^(C  
1)It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。 ZoqE,ucH  
  It is the first time that I have visited the city. _^0UK|[  
  It was the third time that the boy had been late. *M~BN}.  
sdQ "[`~2R  
2)This is the… that…结构,that 从句要用现在完成时. 3qp\jh=FE  
  This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. .Jc<Gg  
    这是我看过的最好的电影。 }SW>ysw'm  
  This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。 ?*f2P T?`  
{k<mN Y  
典型例题 [_tBv" z  
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?  HAcC& s8  
  ---No, this is the first time I ___ here. Hh qNp U  
A. was  B. have been  C. came  D. am coming WSx0o}  
  答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时,故选B。 ShU1RQk  
'!XVz$C  
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before? ALp|fZ\vp  
  ---No, it's the first time I ___ here. TDW\n  
A. even, come  B. even, have come  C. ever, come  D. ever, have come B d?{ldg  
  答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时,反意词为never,此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中,从句要用完成时。 5wm(gF_t  
  注意:非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。 Zopi;O J  
(错)I have received his letter for a month. 9h0Y">}`b  
(对)I haven't received his letter for almost a month. +(8Z8]Jf  
bG!/%,s  
独立主格结构的特点: X32{y973hT  
  1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。 cFloaCz  
  2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定 式,介词等是主谓关系。 *L#\#nh7  
  3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 t/(rB}  
举例: o9c?)KQ  
  the test finished, we began our holiday. Fz@9 @  
 = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. \vqqs  
  考试结束了,我们开始放假。 aJ$({ZN\#  
   e3]v *<bj  
  the president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. ! +XreCw  
 = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. p?'&P!  
  总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。 @ 3,:G$,  
-s9()K(vZG  
&ZI-#(P  
  Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.  B PG&R  
  如果天气允许,我们明天去看你。 @k-iy-|3 )  
This done, we went home.    V$3`y=8  
  工作完成后,我们才回家。 #;/ob-  
##a.=gl  
%`}nP3  
  the meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.  & 6nLnMF8x  
  会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。 a6\`r^@  
w/csLi.O  
%{ory5  
  He came into the room, his ears red with cold. }/M muPp  
他回到了房子里,耳朵冻坏了。 8yk4#CZ  
   %a']TX  
  He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. D.gD4g_O/  
 他夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆新开千年私服了!奇迹私服
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