考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 8s}J!/2
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开头万能公式: DtCEm(b0
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1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 7G2PMe;$m
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! *U7%|wd
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? Q'NmSX)0
经典句型: [`fI:ao|
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) 'JmBh@A
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. RNJFSD.
(适用于自编名言) jRZ%}KX
更多经典句型: c-]fKj7
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… gvavs+H%
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 !|{IVm/J
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 *MM#Z?mP
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:
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According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college G$WOzY(
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. L&2u[ml
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: <lwuTow
Honesty Un=a
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根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 x-m/SI]_N
Travel by Bike OKue" p
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 3}Xc71|v
Youth $g8}^1
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 $xW**&
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? >l1r,/\\
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 Utl
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更多句型: eD#XDK
A recent statistics shows that …
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结尾万能公式: y;`eDS'0.N
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1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 Fz"ff4Bx [
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: ~9M!)\~
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good &w\I<J`T
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. C8b''9t.
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! ?T'][q
更多过渡短语: SG]K
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus POd/+e9d
更多句型:
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Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… ;)/@Xx
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 EA0iYzV
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! |r=DBd3
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve =4NqjSH
the problem. .]t5q%}j
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? pM$ @m]
更多句型: X
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Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. F@SG((`
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be %J P!{mqj
taken. c ~Kc7}I
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 1i-[+
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: z^`]7
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As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is f_<Y\
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to SGf9U^ds
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite O%$O(l
similar. .h8M
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! Q1V2pP+=@
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 2VYvO=KA
主 题 句原则 a@W7<9fY;
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! /H&aMk}J@y
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! ]N}]d
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To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully h6QWH
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, *{[d%B<lp
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 E+{5-[Zc*$
一 二 三原则 l,bZG3,6
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… M,..Kw/ }~
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 %$9:e
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1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) M&e8zS
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) !;WbOnLP
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) sp{j!NSL
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, Xw(3j)xQ
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) AU`OESSI
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) ZNy9_a:dX
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) %UG/ak%z
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) m/?h2McS
8)most important of all, moreover, finally XGk}e4;_
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) `,-STIh)
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) npj5U/
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 _LsYMUe
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: [x$;Xq
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I cannot bear it. sH@ &*
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. 6vWii)O.D
I want it. @>Ek '~m
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. +gNX7xuY
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 @?M;'xMbB
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, s
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humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital |rFJ*.nD
之类的形象词。再比如: Ej5^Y ?-6
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room 2;}xN! 8
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room !xH,y
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room b<\G I7
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room .W-=x,`hY4
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room `>y[wa>9r
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 K)N)IZ1q
1)加法(串联) 1"d\mE
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, w4aiI2KFq
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: IY~
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I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. Iw*C*%}[Z
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: Z{
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Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. qb9}&'@:
其它的短语可以用: VrudR#q
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover O/nqNQ?<
2)转折(拐弯抹角) ^|r`"gOJ3
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 % hNn%Oy:E
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. C\J@fpH(t`
The coat was thin, but it was warm. Vj29L?3
更多的短语: M Ey1~h/
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, Re7{[*Q4
despite, notwithstanding Hc>([?P%t
3)因果(so, so, so) XpOCQyFnM
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! YBR)s\*
The snow began to fall, so we went home. _AVy:~/
更多短语: uAC hu]
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a h=:*7>}
result, for this reason, so that l
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4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) byp.V_a}/
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 )0'Y et}
举例:This is what I can do. 4
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Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. LPsh?Ca?N
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: R%Kl&c
When to go, Why he goes away… % cU-5\xF
5)附加(多此一举) ~_(!}V
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 \?aOExG
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The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. hLu
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I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. 4&#vU(-H
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. M|5^
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其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom VG? yL2y
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 T]5U_AI@
6)排比(排山倒海句) FA5k45wL
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! 8Ng)
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Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated CR} >
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. J+-,^8)
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such 6,sR
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as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean rCV$N&rK
tides. 7N&3FER
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, 2n<qAl$t
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) W+fkWq7`Xx
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 oY|
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既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! hfVzzVX:
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: /jn:e"0~
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb 'dd<<E
the Western Hills. |qFN~ !
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about 5cv,
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three times that of China. >QbI)if`1
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! C 6:p Y-
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 [xH2n\7
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思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! iyHp$~,q?t
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted QQ2OZy>W
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as @idp8J [td
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. crF9,p
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will 7i%P&oB
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the {;wK,dU
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. rSzXa4m(
更多句型: 4%Wn}@
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, nY.Umj
for example二、做比较 _16&K}<
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; }tg:DG
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through #6#BSZ E
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: 1Rb<(%
相似的比较: tI6USN%
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner g#bfY=C
相反的比较: b&_u
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on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, HhT8YH
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, "#"Fp&Z7
…三、换言之 H;"N|pBy
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 lQ(BEv"2G[
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! t,as{.H{h
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. d1LTyzLr
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love u{dN>}{
with you. TW;;OS[
或者上面我们举过的例子:
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I cannot bear it. =M
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可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. hSf#;=9'
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with "5z6~dq
it or I am fed up with it. q2o$s9}B
更多短语: jn3|9x
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more %emPSBf@
simply