考博英语写作 _pY
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考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 k\4
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开头万能公式: =_#ye}E
1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 +}Qv6s#
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! gg lNpzj
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? k$9Gn9L%
经典句型: [{6&.v
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) 0!3!?E <
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. qg_>`Bv"a
(适用于自编名言) :d!i[W*
更多经典句型: UMHuIA:%U
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… <[
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2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 -L^0-g
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 9`nP(~
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: DI$mD{
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college S*~Na]nS0
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. <a4iL3
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: ~Mg8C9B?%3
Honesty Apw-7*/
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 [)b/uR
Travel by Bike _js2^
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根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 (HTk;vbZm
Youth .@x"JI>;
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 BIb{<tG^N
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? LyCV_6;D
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 H|(*$!~e
更多句型: \nWzn4f
A recent statistics shows that … H)?" 8 s
结尾万能公式: 34O+#0<y~
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 w
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说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: Wb}0-U{S'
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good ;4O;74`Zh
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. ]i_):@
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! i,U-
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更多过渡短语: `5~o=g
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus sN[@mAoH
更多句型: H$($l<
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Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… @Ig,_i\UY:
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 XTn{1[.O
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! !Vod0j">
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve Y9(i}uTi
the problem. (WU~e!}
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? dT0z^SG
更多句型: YM4U.! 4o
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. })=c:h&
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be 56~da ){gd
taken. B#/~U`t*
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 -QHzf&D?
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: b ffml
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is u
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to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to W} +6L|
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite TY{?4
similar. u[% J#S
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! "r `6c
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强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 Z;> aW;Wt
主 题 句原则 looPO:bo^
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! 98%a)s)(a
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! Jv$2wH
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully w})&[d
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, $F'~^2
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 @X / =.
一 二 三原则 (h(ZL9!
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 'bqf?3W
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 T)?@E/VaS
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) <zWQ[^
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) %4g4 C#
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) ;]ZHD$g
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, G}OrpPP
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) Dl!'
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5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) m`w6wz
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) o0v m?CL#
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) ,kuF
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8)most important of all, moreover, finally \fGYJ37
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) h-u*~5dB<&
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) S %%qn
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 wZolg~dg
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: }T(q "Vf~
I cannot bear it. (?=(eo<N
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. %JU23c*
I want it. IQ`aDo-V
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. kxiyF$
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这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 H0:6zSsc=|
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, _25]>D$
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 7
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之类的形象词。再比如: SVeU7Q6-
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room NW
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但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room B3=/iOb#
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room
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小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room d:ajD
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room x}24?mP
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 @k;3
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1)加法(串联) y(g
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都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 9Ei#t FMc
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: %&S]cEw
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. P?-44m#
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: *)sz]g|d
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. >}tG^ )os
其它的短语可以用: z{_Vn(Kg
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover FC.-u"V
2)转折(拐弯抹角) dXN&<Q,
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 vIv3rN=5vB
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. ;\0RXirk
The coat was thin, but it was warm. uvd>
更多的短语:
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despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, mSp7H!
despite, notwithstanding iIRigW
3)因果(so, so, so) bm|8Jbsb&
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! %gB0D8,vo
The snow began to fall, so we went home. $^GnY7$!>
更多短语: <FLc0s
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a 9a,CiH%@
result, for this reason, so that 2sq<"TlQXI
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) 7qp|Msf},
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 s_$@N!
举例:This is what I can do. Q4 S8NqE
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. e70*y'1fu
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: KO7cZME
When to go, Why he goes away… {%dQV#'c
5)附加(多此一举) @[lr
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如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 <ZEll[0L
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. wVX0!y6
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. Er`PYE
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Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. F*u;'K
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom P@ u%{
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 m5*RB1
6)排比(排山倒海句) Z]CH8GS~<
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! 6OUjc
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated [0e
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or simple, there is plenty in London for you. (w fZ!
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such Qw+">
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean ,GlK_-6>
tides. ~heF0C
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We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, _BV:i:z
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) R
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要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 =r2d{
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! 6fiJ'
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原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: z m%\L/BF
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb pY@+.V`a
the Western Hills. @2<J_Ja
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about `N0E;=g
three times that of China. f~Su F,o@h
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! X"]ZV]7(]s
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 *gnL0\*
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! /(w5S',EL
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted ,>Q,0bVhH0
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as %9K@`v-
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. N'StT$(
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will _1a2Z\
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the x8^Dhpr6
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. 0
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更多句型: !Kis,e
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, C^a~)r.h
for example二、做比较 d@<XR~);
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; R*U>T$
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through l[xwH 9'
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: 86i =N_
相似的比较: +hfl.OBy
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner lyyi?/W%
相反的比较: GZ1>]HB>r^
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, yC
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nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, b% F|VG
…三、换言之 \%)p7PNY
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 B\Uj
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! @M1U)JoQ
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. NH{0KZ
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I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love 4x:fOhtP
with you. ;RR)C@n1
或者上面我们举过的例子: k,?k37%T]
I cannot bear it. milU,!7J
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. 6wGf47
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with *+b[v7
it or I am fed up with it. @~"0|,6VC
更多短语: P^
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in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more ^P[-HA|
simply