图表及图表类型 =d/\8\4
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram im&E\`L7
2、各类图表: t#+X*'
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表格:table; dhe?7r]u
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; }?,Gn]]
饼形图:piechart; !F0MLvdX7^
线形图:linechart 或curve chart ^'S0A=1
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 |]a=He;
1、“数字数据”相关 eTI<WFRc_
(1) the number of sth. DXlP(={*
(2) data, statistics, figures EG5'kYw2
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion X{rw+!
(4) around, over, appropriately SWr?>dl
2、表达“上升” !dfc1 UjB
(1)常见词汇 <{7CS=)
increase → (名词形式increase ) .BGM1ph}~
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) *F+t`<2
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) .3Nd[+[
go up yH>`Kbf T
注意以下短语数量上的区别: >:M3!6H_~{
increase by +数字上升到... 4l2i'H
increase to +数字上升了... ]!J 6S.@#+
reach to +数字达到... 0uzm
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(2)其他词汇 Efi@hdEV
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 O"4Q=~Y
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 $x5P
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rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 E"5
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(3) 地道表达 o{yEF1,c\
double, triple (OT /o&cQ
3、表达“下降” TEl:;4
(1) 常见词汇
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decrease (名词形式decrease ) x[7jm"Pz
drop (名词形式drop) @sJ[<V
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) vz:P2TkM
decline (名词形式decline ) Dt)\q^bH)
go down T;jp2 #
(2)其他词汇 9^h\vR|]S
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 ?P[uf
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 c%v[p8
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sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 tLe!_p)
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 zu&5[XL
4、表达“波动” 1a3r
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fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) *@=in7*c
go up and down ;>_\oZGj_
rise and fall ')t
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5、表达“保持平稳” K^`3Bg
remain stable (或 remain constant) x
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level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) pkpD1c^
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) !Uz{dFJf;
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 "Wr5:T-;
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable Htn=h~U`z
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 $9<q'hf<w
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady 5=tvB,Ux4
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” Vrn. #d
1、v. + adv. N&7=
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decline slowly QQUeY 2}
grow dramatically M*FUtu
fluctuate sharply 0 3fCn"
2、 adj. + n.
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a slow decline |niYN7 17
a dramatic growth _#@n^c
a sharp fluctuation vN:gu\^-
a slight increase &
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a significant increase I
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3、 on a +adj.+ n ,?k[<C
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: a0I+|fR
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. k#Qav1_
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. r(;oDdVc