图表及图表类型 p
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1、图表:chart, graph, diagram ,Tx8^|b#F
2、各类图表: yV. P.Q
表格:table; (tgaH,G
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; D6t]E)FH
饼形图:piechart; -O5m@rwt<
线形图:linechart 或curve chart S%oGBY*Z
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 !xI![N^
1、“数字数据”相关 S6mmk&n
(1) the number of sth. AMdS+(J
(2) data, statistics, figures >UMnItq(
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(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion %vXQ
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(4) around, over, appropriately 3fPv71NVtt
2、表达“上升” i`qh|w/b_
(1)常见词汇 X\%3uPQ
increase → (名词形式increase ) 2e"}5b5
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) v knFtpx
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) L nGSYrx1
go up _u$K Lqt/,
注意以下短语数量上的区别: rRYf.~UH@P
increase by +数字上升到... vEGK
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increase to +数字上升了... :(Bi{cw
reach to +数字达到... [3R
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(2)其他词汇 U@nwSfp:G
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 _ GSw\r
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 99K+7G\{
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 ]?{lQ0vw'w
(3) 地道表达 #LJ-IDuF!
double, triple ->=++
3、表达“下降” bl_WN|SQ
(1) 常见词汇 J_|x^
decrease (名词形式decrease ) Xkom@F~]
drop (名词形式drop) uFZB8+
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) .N
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decline (名词形式decline ) *J5RueUG
go down twmJ
(2)其他词汇 E^a`IA
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 'hw@l>1\9
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 2EwWV0BS
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 jDXGm[U
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 h./
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4、表达“波动” )+4}Ix/q
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) Pl&`&N;
go up and down "UGj4^1f
rise and fall #r)1<}_e#
5、表达“保持平稳” Ny,A#-?
remain stable (或 remain constant) \}QuNwc
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) >"g<-!p@
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) y<%.wM]-J
1、变化快、剧烈、明显
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dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable W$Q)aA7
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 eOPCYyN
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady Q=L$7
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” vs])%l%t
1、v. + adv. NQiecxvt=
decline slowly ]RXtC*
grow dramatically M|5]#2J_2
fluctuate sharply 4 ^~zN"6]
2、 adj. + n. ~? FrI
a slow decline r5!x,{E6
a dramatic growth Uq]
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a sharp fluctuation Dj
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a slight increase #S53u?JV8
a significant increase j`|^s}8t
3、 on a +adj.+ n N?=qEX|R
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: eN|HJ=
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. IglJEH[+
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. ),;D;LI{S