图表及图表类型 -G=]=f/'
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram Dt1jW
2、各类图表: $:^td/p J
表格:table; [D1Up
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; St^5Byd<
饼形图:piechart; Y4YJJYvD
线形图:linechart 或curve chart {4PwLCy
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 z(~_AN M4,
1、“数字数据”相关 moE2G?R
(1) the number of sth. t#yuOUg
(2) data, statistics, figures %}T6]S)%u
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion cH)";]k*-
(4) around, over, appropriately 8?C5L8)
2、表达“上升” #LNED)Vg
(1)常见词汇 yDh6KUK
increase → (名词形式increase ) Qg/rRiV
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) e:W{OIz:
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) 8b=_Y;
go up LH6vLuf
注意以下短语数量上的区别: K>
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increase by +数字上升到... jj>]9z
increase to +数字上升了... S,=|
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reach to +数字达到... `y0FY&y=
(2)其他词汇 WEpoBP
CL
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 wyG;8I
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 [/ZO q
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 =R\]=cRbg
(3) 地道表达 g,Y/M3>(
double, triple w*Ihk)
3、表达“下降” L0]_X#s>#
(1) 常见词汇 %>s|j'{
decrease (名词形式decrease ) wNX]7wMX
drop (名词形式drop) g
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fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) "w_aM7x_
decline (名词形式decline )
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go down /7LR;>B j
(2)其他词汇 =Runf
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plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 <6=c,y
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 /L#?zSt
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 L8n|m!MOD
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 ~_ a-E
4、表达“波动” FgI3
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) 3mni>*q7d
go up and down 59-c<I/}f
rise and fall !VK|u8i
5、表达“保持平稳” Q7A MRrN
remain stable (或 remain constant) ;=UsAB]
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) u-C)v*#L
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) _tXlF;
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 Ca3~/K
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dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable
=rK+eG#,
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 h
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slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady &VcV$8k
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” ZAf7Tz\U
1、v. + adv. sNwI0o
decline slowly 7[wieYj{
grow dramatically <^uBoKB/f
fluctuate sharply {}Za_(Y,]
2、 adj. + n. [c06 N$:
a slow decline jNy.Y8E&
a dramatic growth +t;7tQDVB
a sharp fluctuation "wHFN>5B
a slight increase :a)u&g@G
a significant increase I!?}jo3
3、 on a +adj.+ n `~`k_7t.
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: .6'qoo_N
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. NN`uI6=
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. O0y_Lm\