图表及图表类型 I8wXuIN_
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram w`4=_J=GO
2、各类图表: .
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表格:table; F<n3
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; 61SlVec*o8
饼形图:piechart; cc,^6[OH@
线形图:linechart 或curve chart x.7]/)
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 >"|B9Woc
1、“数字数据”相关 oC<.=2]
(1) the number of sth. bSiYHRH.e
(2) data, statistics, figures T=iJGRctB
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion dYT%
(4) around, over, appropriately ~D<IB#C
2、表达“上升” J3e96t~u
(1)常见词汇 Gr7=:+0n|P
increase → (名词形式increase ) gW^VVbB'L
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) UYk/v]ZA
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) wLi4G@jJ
go up )k\H@Dy%$
注意以下短语数量上的区别: KV}FZ3jY
increase by +数字上升到... iI\oz&!v
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increase to +数字上升了... ~ DBcIy?
reach to +数字达到... ZjgsR|i
(2)其他词汇 +b.g$CRr
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 2/?`J
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 c#|raXGT
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 TV<'8L
(3) 地道表达 tasIDoo+!J
double, triple 2[Z,J%:0
3、表达“下降” 6eT5ktf
(1) 常见词汇 '_GrD>P)-
decrease (名词形式decrease ) I/&%]"[^u
drop (名词形式drop) :K-~fA%kt?
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) U*i{5/
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decline (名词形式decline ) xCg52zkH#
go down jE}3
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(2)其他词汇 {>R:vH8
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 Ont%eC\
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 }])oM|fgO
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 Km(n7Ah"
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 jBgP$g
4、表达“波动” !9[>L@#G
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) {4G%:09~J
go up and down `+o2DA)#(
rise and fall z2g3FUTX)b
5、表达“保持平稳” :pGaFWkvO
remain stable (或 remain constant) 7s/u(~d)
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) >33=<~#n
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) lr`&mZ( j
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 ;\]b T;#
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable 4kBa
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2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 4)@mSSfn.
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady `(YxI
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” -=~| ."O
1、v. + adv. Pb1*\+
decline slowly +89*)pk
grow dramatically @JD;k>
fluctuate sharply
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2、 adj. + n. x4E7X_
a slow decline Fs9I7~L3
a dramatic growth nm6h%}xND<
a sharp fluctuation v^#~98g]
a slight increase n2)@S0{
a significant increase /atW8 `&
3、 on a +adj.+ n .P[ _<8
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: }+C2I
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. @cFJeOC|
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. xlA$:
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