图表及图表类型 *P:`{ZV7=W
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram 3Q[]lFJ}F
2、各类图表: ci5ERv`
表格:table; 0$&Z_oJ
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; /j
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饼形图:piechart; /.05rTpp
线形图:linechart 或curve chart /lttJJDU
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 r
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1、“数字数据”相关
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(1) the number of sth. o'myo
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(2) data, statistics, figures X
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(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion B_`A[0H
(4) around, over, appropriately -K
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2、表达“上升” 1$@k@*u\
(1)常见词汇 S?hM
increase → (名词形式increase ) (U!WD`Ym
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) XFYCPET
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) }E8 Y,;fTD
go up tDEpR
注意以下短语数量上的区别: `mw@"
increase by +数字上升到... QHMXQyr(
increase to +数字上升了... }kL%l
reach to +数字达到... ?Dd2k%o
(2)其他词汇 j(nPWEyJM
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 3p!R4f)GN
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 $C#~c1w
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 .h~)|"uzW
(3) 地道表达 h]@Xucc
double, triple B+zq!+ HJ
3、表达“下降” = \X<UA}
(1) 常见词汇 JEJ]'3
decrease (名词形式decrease ) YqNhD6
drop (名词形式drop) dP
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fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) 1+
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decline (名词形式decline ) A.WJ#1i}E
go down qViky=/-
(2)其他词汇 2vj)3%:7#E
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 ?1PY]KNaK
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 kP8Ypw&
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 7qL]_u[^
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 x(mY$l,il
4、表达“波动” d8]6<\g
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) JvHJ*E
go up and down .6vQWt7@
rise and fall lX5(KUN
5、表达“保持平稳” w:N\]=Vh
remain stable (或 remain constant) s/,St!A4!
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) u{>
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▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) GueqpEd2
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 KY|Q#i|pM
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable d(To)ly.
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 4qyL' \d[
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady ej!
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▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” H3a}`3}U
1、v. + adv. G e~&Ble
decline slowly 38Wv&!
grow dramatically @.CPZT
fluctuate sharply `?Y/:4
2、 adj. + n. 7Bmt^J5i&t
a slow decline :Z
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a dramatic growth uOW9FAW
a sharp fluctuation i 3?zYaT
a slight increase PeE'#&wn
a significant increase Ko -<4wu
3、 on a +adj.+ n M:C*?;K:
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: )cOm\^
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1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. {kZhje^$vi
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. 0c:CA>F