一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 oTLpq:9J
(一)医疗、医院、医生 [mA\,ny9
1 、医生 [}Pi $at
① doctor, medical worker OCN@P+L3q
② physician 内科医生 /{*0
\`;
③ surgeon 外科医生 9a3mN(<
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 \9T/%[r#
⑤ intern 实习医生 VDy\2-b8d
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 F<LRo}j"9Q
Ue2%w/Yo
2 、医院 6Dz N.fz
① hospital Y;[+ ^J*a
The specialized hospital 专科医院
;kb);iT
The general hospital 普通医院 P1I L]
The community hospital 社区医院 8q_"aa,`
The public hospital 公立医院 n>\2_$uDI
The private hospital 私立医院 Dwg_#GSr
② clinc 门诊 u;3wg
`e
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 W
~qVZ(G*U
③ ward 病房 ~1.B
fOR8
④ medical team 医疗队 ?3Y~q;I]O
lXOT>$qR<
3、 医疗手段 tv'=xDCp
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 bK#SxV
(2) medical treatment 医疗 q!4eVg*
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 &"'Z)iWm
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis fF]w[lLDv
(5) prevent (v) 预防 GiS:Nq`$(
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | %=`wN^3t2
(7) administrate a drug 给药 7-A/2/G<
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 fOJTy0jX8
(9) TCM 中医 eI3ZV^_Ps
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 $L"h|>b\o
(11) medical service 医疗服务 kcG_ n
(12) complain of (v) 主述 DVz_;m6)
(13) health checkup 健康普查 +sT S1t
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 6<mlx'
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; TE% i
a4\j.(w)$D
4 、医疗体制 Wn-'iD+9<
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 zEk/15
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 G.3yuok9
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 | Pi! UZB
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 \>[k0<
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 K$I`&M(
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 l1vI
se=;vp]3a
5 、医德 i
2+_~$f
(1 )medical ethics 医德 d9up!
k
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 mgMa)yc!dp
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 yw1-4*$c
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 3,?LpdTS
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 2Q 5-.2]
(6 )resolute 果断的 gI!d*]{BP
(7 )service quality 服务质量 {krBAz&
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people 9oYE
?j&ZzK'#^
6 、病人 C5g9Gg
(1 )patient :b]
\*
(2 )the sick /cT6X]o8
(3 )the invalid }U '
(4) sufferer -lrcb/)Gz
%JgdLnQE
(二)疾病 g(9kc<`3'D
1 、 患病的表达方式 }Ogb|8
⑴ suffer from (v ) <HtGp6q
(2) contract (v ) Mh{244|o[
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 33; '6/
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 TF9A4
Zrp-Hv27,,
2 、必知疾病名称 N<ux4tz
heart disease 心脏病 W*%(J$E
hypertension 高血压 TB-dV'w
kidney problem 肾病 ,Js-'vX
stroke 中风 Kv2S&P|jXM
shock 休克 na|sKE;{
the blood pressure 血压 &Q#*Nnb3
diabetes 糖尿病 $s4.Aj
obesity 肥胖 ,`02fMOLc
terminal illness 绝症 vw4b@v-XQ3
incurable illness 不治之症 >c Lh$;l
cancer 癌症 z1]nC]2
tumor 肿瘤 w$Fg0JS
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 Xhq6l3 M
emergency case 急症 R}cNhZC
serious illness 重症 $8xb|S[
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 lZuH:AH
short breath 短气 reNf?7G+m
syndrome 综合症 #UhH
complications 并发症 H%X F~tF:
process 病程 kiyc ^s
bone loss 骨质疏松 JSi0-S[Y{
short-sighted (adj)近视
)UM^#<-
s'oNW
3、传染病 NPS*0 y/
(1) 感染源 92t.@!m`
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 } ck<R
(2 )传染疾病 dzBP<Xyh
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 D%nd7
|
influenza (简)flu 流感 6o7t eX
infection contagion 传染病 [!yA#{xl,
infectious diseases 传染病 4l%1D.3-O
AIDS 艾滋病 CUYA:R<)
SARS pm ,xGo2
(3) 传染 pITF%J@_]
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 Dr
kTM<
block the channel (v) xsn=Ji2 F
disseminate 传播 Uu5(/vw]
cross infection 交叉感染 cl2_"O
,d
,2Q
5 、疾病、病痛 n)98NSVDbT
illness 3g;,
sickness {V2"Pym?
disease 6<<"9mxK
ailment "H).2{3(x
suffering DJL.P6 -W
:86:U 0^
6 、疾病的转归
]|.ked
(1 )疾病的恢复 )ZpI%M?)
recover recovery Td|u@l4B
recuperate o+A1-&qhN
resume KU/r"lMNlU
recruit #@$80e
Fq
reinstate )*;Tt @'y
(2) 疾病的恶化 q[a\a7U z
deteriorate 3-
Kgz
aggravate j)mU`b_
exasperate @@Ybg6.+*
make worse $u!(F]^
worsen -[L\:'Gp5
y9 {7+]
7、其他相关词汇 B>^6tdz
outbreak and spending +Y s
GH~jX
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 t<p#u=jOa
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 @-!P1]V|
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 z4:!*:.Asu
taboo 禁忌 x|0C0a\"A
speed up blood circulation (v) gT+g@\u[
improve the cardiac functions (v) c`!e#w
side effects 副反应 sm/aL^4
complain of 主述 .*-8rOcc
rv*{[K
6VGY4j}:(
(三)药物 "`49m7q1H
1 、药物名称 *#Cx-J
medicine \G gh 95y
drug OX7=g$S 1
remedy 3x+lf4"
medicinal herbs =0g!Q
power PlkZ)S7C
tablet e'3V4iU]
pill Ss>pNH@c
7S a9
2 、药物用法 ^^N|:80
开药 : c;VqEpsbl
prescribe some medicine for some diseases 9eMle?pF
write out a proscription =NF0E8O
服药
'C'mgEl%L
take a medicine :<J7 g`f
治…的疾病 #f2Ot<#-
a remedy for some diseases 8fXiadP#
Y2r}W3F=
3 、其他相关词汇 h9)S&Sk{s
drug therapy 药物治疗 >yC=@Uq+
side effects 副反应 W8d-4')|
drug abuse 药物滥用 ?})A-$f ~
drugstore 药房 &<F9Z2^
over the counter 非处方药 Np" p*O
drug allergy 药物过敏 ix!xLm9\
drug poisoning 药物中毒 ~>CvZ7K
prescription 处方 ?M4o>T%p "
expenses for medicine 药费 ]fM|cN8(zM
charges for medicine y :;.r:
drug rebate 药品回扣 ~:DL{ZeEb
P<PZ4hNx
V
0Bl6
(四)心理疾病 hXTfmFy{n
1 、心理学专业词汇
!VGG2N8
subhealth 亚健康 FNQ<k[#K'~
psychological benefits 心理健康 `c
psychological problem 心理问题 *#=Ij r~
psychological consultation 心理咨询 QG5WsuT
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 6
5govor
mental obstacles 心理障碍 qf? "v;
psychological massage 心理按摩 '(vZfzc{J
psychology 心理学/ 心理 0S{23L4C
psychotherapy 心理治疗 8 .%0JJ .3
psychological expert 心理专家 :q9!
{-Y;!
2 、情绪词汇 7e"}ojt$
overcome .+:iAnf
disappoint fL*7u\m:
disappointed ^k6_j\5j
shy , U6.aoqb%
flush ]C \+b<
frustration 6GxLaI
failure 3TwjC:Yhv2
willpower j`_S%E% X
optimism EFX2>&mWo8
optimistic 0*{(R#
be sensitive to # h;
nervous JxVGzb`8
tensional @)Vpj\jM-C
sad agony pessimism pessimistic 7#LIG r
confident confidence CNNqS
^ct
stress pressure @O#!W]6NT6
depress depressed ,.)wCZ,wca
depression depressive o#qdgZ
x{R440"
3 、疲劳相关词汇 E+L
7[
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary pCKP{c=6Q
k(ouE|B
(五)肥胖与营养 %2 r~
1 、营养物质 <nk|Z'G E
nutrient 营养素 p(yv
protein 蛋白质 I!/32* s1t
fat 脂肪 O nXo0PV/(
glucose 葡萄糖 YIe1AF}
vitamin 维生素 k{*EoV[.$
sugar 糖类 lelmX
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 i c{I
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 }3z3GU8Q-
soft drink beverage 软饮料 k0Vri$x
cholesterol胆固醇 ~n
'A1
HI5NWdfRl
2 、营养与饮食 Cd'D
~'=
a well-balanced diet dS1HA>c)O
nutrition 营养 'n|U
nutritional 营养的 lT[,w9 $
vP{i+s18B
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 t w4,gW
4X=VNORlU0
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall h2Q'5G
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase t jM9EP
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; %M
x|"ff
4. 食品安全 food safety ykQb;ZP8jh
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies L@Rgiq|v-|
6. 应急反应 immediate response to P(PBOB97
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU (aYu[ML
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system 89d%P
J0
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care W'6DwV|
10. 服务体系service system A EC,,l'%a|/
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene Yo %U{/e
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. vU%o5y
:
13. 清淡的lite :^(y~q?
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet i&DbZ=n2
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN {/no
YB<;
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 kw59`z Es
17. 虫媒insect pollination; _4oAk @
A
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease C-edQWbcP
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; M[I=N
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion M2%@bETJ
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" EUSM4djL
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission <HnJD/g
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D `GE8?
UO-
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate '$,yV f
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness `N[@lV\xp!
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s Um/l{:S
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse _V3
z!aI
28. 相似的akin to=similar to 38sLyo
G=i
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – pYcs4f!?p
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver Zf>:h
31. 血压 hypertension #;99vw
c
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon O+&;,R:
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 `Fcr`[
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ `BZ|[
q3
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 pk u\)
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health KsGW@Ho:
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds b
B#QIXY/L
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations TgJ+:^+0
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle -e$ T}3IV
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 OfrzmL<K
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people H6Zo|n
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent $@s-OQ}
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from ,fiV xn Q
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to # [i3cn
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to ADF<5#I
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to zvGncjMkC
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive c)Ng
9p
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak cRs\()W
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly 7%$3`4i`O
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations Z;NaIJiL-
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon 43g1/,klm
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate +9]t]Vrw
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy N
G vb]
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances [c;0eFSi2
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance ^7Z?}tgU
56. 退休养老金retirement n TPx`qyW
57. 医疗改革health care reform XFWE^*e=B
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity [T9]q8"
59. 月经期menstrual period S ts@w 9|
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace ]N\D^`iQ
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care +BM[@?"hrh
62. 安乐死euthanasia S.>fB7'(?=
63. 得绝症的terminally ill J@i9)D_
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! T+gH38!e
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient f fI=Bt]t
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. J!|R1