一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 WXQ@kQD
(一)医疗、医院、医生 XNz+a|cF
1 、医生
^Ck
Mk 1
① doctor, medical worker ]fyfL|(;
② physician 内科医生 oZ'a}kF
③ surgeon 外科医生 s0SzO,Vi
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 mWp>E`l
⑤ intern 实习医生 \-\>JPO~<
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 RTOA'|[0M
ai!u+L
2 、医院 pj>R9zpn_
① hospital ho\1[xS
The specialized hospital 专科医院 UK =ELvt]
The general hospital 普通医院 {:X'9NEE
The community hospital 社区医院 JF=R$! 5
The public hospital 公立医院 $WA wMS,
The private hospital 私立医院 N`8K1{>BH
② clinc 门诊 .3
EZk86
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 T7[@ lMa?
③ ward 病房 `PWKA;W$0
④ medical team 医疗队 }M07-qIX{
*!5CL'
3、 医疗手段 8Pn
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 K@.5
(2) medical treatment 医疗 2yN!yIPR
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 {lI}a8DP
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis 4^7 v@3
(5) prevent (v) 预防 PGTEIptX7
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 |
[gW eD
(7) administrate a drug 给药 SmXoNiM"y
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 ~&?([}A
(9) TCM 中医 .f~9IAXP`
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 Mh%{cLM
(11) medical service 医疗服务 xm m,-u
(12) complain of (v) 主述 ?9 huuJs7
(13) health checkup 健康普查 YidcV lOsO
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 x^s,<G
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; rto?*^N?
!j!w$
4 、医疗体制 K^WDA])
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 J/]%zwDwS
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 d1~#@6CIz
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 "L>'X22ed
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 80nE QT
y
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 (\:Rnl
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 -2hirA<^
C'#KTp4!1
5 、医德
^J^,@Hf_
(1 )medical ethics 医德 4[lFurH
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 ')jItje|
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 :1 +Aj
(
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 ,dRaV</2
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 N[Z`tk?-
(6 )resolute 果断的 :jTSOd[r
(7 )service quality 服务质量 Sz5t~U=G
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people R3B+vLGX
+tPBm{|
6 、病人 7(@xk_Pl
(1 )patient Lc
!2'Do;
(2 )the sick PVb[E 03
(3 )the invalid DI\=udN
(4) sufferer ^hLr9k
Pb&tWv\ql
(二)疾病 UhH#>2r_
1 、 患病的表达方式 kmC@\xTp
⑴ suffer from (v ) XIwJhsYZ'9
(2) contract (v ) y_m+&Oe
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 a=2.Y?
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 fo ~uI(rk
GLsa]}m,9
2 、必知疾病名称 i$NlS}W
heart disease 心脏病 </ [.1&S+\
hypertension 高血压 Y-
ao
yoNS
kidney problem 肾病 (%
6fMVp
stroke 中风 {s8c@-'
shock 休克 v~mVf.j1
the blood pressure 血压 *2h%dT:,%
diabetes 糖尿病 <K0epED
obesity 肥胖
V_h&9]RL
terminal illness 绝症 Dh
E-g<
incurable illness 不治之症 l5D)UO
cancer 癌症 u''Ce`N
tumor 肿瘤 gkr9+
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 \]>YLyG
emergency case 急症 FCt<h/
serious illness 重症 e?W
,D0h
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 i.E2a)
short breath 短气 ${T/b(NM
syndrome 综合症 =gj?!d`
complications 并发症 x0# Bc7y
process 病程 FI^Wh7J
bone loss 骨质疏松 %5e|
short-sighted (adj)近视 *^-AOSVt,
c,@Vz
7c
3、传染病 uU^DYgs
(1) 感染源 }PI:O%N;
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 W]po RTJ:
(2 )传染疾病 <H^jbK
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 cy^=!EfA
influenza (简)flu 流感 =F@
+~)_
infection contagion 传染病 X7$]qE K
infectious diseases 传染病 M86"J:\u]
AIDS 艾滋病 boojq{cvYA
SARS `Abd=1nH
(3) 传染 RL}?.'!
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 &@6xu{o
block the channel (v) ZS.=GjK
disseminate 传播 dqB,i9--
cross infection 交叉感染 f7*Qa!!2p]
c+ZOC8R
5 、疾病、病痛 20}HTV{v
illness ^;F/^_
sickness 8-<F4^i_i
disease uUjjAGZ
ailment 2q[pOT'k
suffering +JI,6)Ry
!/,oQoG
6 、疾病的转归 ~Z5AIm R|
(1 )疾病的恢复 bo#xqSGQ
recover recovery -1dD~S$
recuperate Zv}F?4T~:
resume H|aFs.S EQ
recruit - ;gQy[U
reinstate LZ)g&A(j?
(2) 疾病的恶化 pJFn
8&!J
deteriorate _jX,1+M
aggravate 9<3( QR
exasperate "&H'?N%9Up
make worse oO;L l?~
worsen ovN3.0tAI
$Z;8@O3
7、其他相关词汇 G$a
@}9V
outbreak and spending 29grb P
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 KGOhoiR9:C
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 cS Lj\'`b
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 @Nb/n
taboo 禁忌 @N '_qu
speed up blood circulation (v) @MibKj>o
improve the cardiac functions (v) ^; /~$
side effects 副反应 b$;oty9Y
complain of 主述 =ttD5p
dlvU=^G#G
PW@ :fM:q
(三)药物 vFHeGq70j
1 、药物名称 #qVvh3#g
medicine #NyO'
drug B tznms'
remedy M>=@Z*u/+
medicinal herbs Ag T)J
power [
[_>DM
tablet DCa[?|Y
pill [3=Y 9P:
+D
@B eQu
2 、药物用法 "E7<S5cr
开药 : B{0]v-w
prescribe some medicine for some diseases 5f_x.~ymA
write out a proscription 512p\x@
服药 w8S
pt
take a medicine N/lEfy<&g:
治…的疾病 ^W}|1.uZ
a remedy for some diseases D4"<suU|.
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iMk
3 、其他相关词汇 $C=XSuPNK
drug therapy 药物治疗 mGg/F&G9
side effects 副反应 yS
K81`
drug abuse 药物滥用 C3.]dsv:
drugstore 药房 6qQ_I0f
over the counter 非处方药 V!*1F1
drug allergy 药物过敏 b!MN QGs
drug poisoning 药物中毒 u*qI$?&
prescription 处方 i.K!;E>
expenses for medicine 药费 \N0wf-qa=
charges for medicine o=7e8l
drug rebate 药品回扣 ?~sNu k
DHjfd+E=s
sJQ~:p0e
(四)心理疾病 }#~E-N3x
1 、心理学专业词汇 Y$,++wx
subhealth 亚健康 r4K_Wp
psychological benefits 心理健康 mo
tW7|p.e
psychological problem 心理问题 9I5AYa?
psychological consultation 心理咨询 vEG7A$Z"
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 PGZe'r1E9
mental obstacles 心理障碍 "Ar|i8^G3
psychological massage 心理按摩 a_\7Ho$^
psychology 心理学/ 心理 Ma{@b$>
psychotherapy 心理治疗 jpXbFWgN
psychological expert 心理专家 VqD_FS;E
iz [IK%K
2 、情绪词汇 vN]_/T+
overcome D5Jg(-
disappoint <%|u1cn~!v
disappointed &{# 6Z
shy , '
m<L}d
flush lA6{TH.x
frustration ;Hp78!#,
failure G7GKO
willpower S@
y! 0,
optimism 23+JuXC6>
optimistic YXF^4||j.c
be sensitive to 8A*tpMV?J
nervous a>y e
tensional E=bZ4 /
sad agony pessimism pessimistic n"~K",~P
confident confidence :a=]<_*x
stress pressure C.}ho.}
r
depress depressed od !s5f!
depression depressive E1A5<^t
,d
HAD
3 、疲劳相关词汇 tPw7zFy6r
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary h,/3}
G 8tK"L
C
(五)肥胖与营养 <BdC#t:*L
1 、营养物质 OaByfo<S
nutrient 营养素 YR)^F|G
protein 蛋白质 )%:
W;H
fat 脂肪 Sx_j`Cgy
glucose 葡萄糖 "/hLZl
vitamin 维生素 bvJ*REPL?
sugar 糖类 K$$%j "s
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 nF
'U*
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 nxuR^6Ai
soft drink beverage 软饮料 5YiBPB")
cholesterol胆固醇 2T"[$iH!7
Hxj8cXUF|
2 、营养与饮食 7z8
a well-balanced diet pTYV@5|
nutrition 营养 ^687U,+
nutritional 营养的 8KzH
-
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二、医学写作其他常用词汇 {5T:7*
J
`u8=~]rblj
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall SsIN
@
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase T%2%*oa
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; #XAH
`
L\
4. 食品安全 food safety &([yI>%
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies &$pA,Gjin\
6. 应急反应 immediate response to Dr#V^"Dte
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU .1""U
']
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system Lor__
K
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care 8j@ADfZ9
10. 服务体系service system A OKNGV,{`
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene Qlhm:[
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. R!_1 *H$
13. 清淡的lite atfK?VK#
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet ;:ocU?
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN x>[ gShAV!
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 j!?bE3r~
17. 虫媒insect pollination; -k@Uo(MB
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease DOWZhD
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; 7, :l\t
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion
@XX7ydG5
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" @|Hx>|p
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission \'Ca%j
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D 2rX}A3%9^^
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate wEbO|S+K1
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness PAy7b7m~B
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s [E/^bM+
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse C=PV-Ul+
28. 相似的akin to=similar to ;F>I+l_X
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – 'lR f
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver SrSm%Dv
31. 血压 hypertension \E2S/1p
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon gd\b]L?>O
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 [fXC ;c1
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ 4 {3<
`
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 R{Qvpd$y
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health .aqP=
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds Jl^THoEL
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations >{kPa|
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle
.)XJ-
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 t%>x}b"2T
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people ||sj*K
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent <\S
j5
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from {uMqd-Uu
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to @](\cT64i3
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to HxH=~B1"P
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to 2VNfnk
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive lw"5p)aB
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak 0NWtu]9QC
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly }D&fw=r"M
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations mh8~w~/[
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon (">gLr
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate )z#M_[zC>
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy lhA<wV1-9G
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances P>t[35/1
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance A{Q :,S)
56. 退休养老金retirement n C=/nZGG
57. 医疗改革health care reform |cBpX+D
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity &`'gO
9
59. 月经期menstrual period S pMX#!wb
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace R]Q4+
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care Y Hv85y
62. 安乐死euthanasia g{cHh(S
63. 得绝症的terminally ill 4%I(Z'*Cx
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! ;U|^Tsuc`
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient -R;.Md_
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. x6ig,N~AO