一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 "%rU1/@#
(一)医疗、医院、医生 .=Uu{F
1 、医生 h
b)83mH}
① doctor, medical worker kidv^`.H$w
② physician 内科医生 b0N7[M1Xl
③ surgeon 外科医生 bl|)/)6o
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 9m%+ 6#|
⑤ intern 实习医生 JY D\VaW
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 GgvMd~
I]91{dq
2 、医院 9}G<\
y
① hospital *44E'Dxv
The specialized hospital 专科医院 +\cG{n*
The general hospital 普通医院 ;s$
P?('
The community hospital 社区医院 *E/CNMn=E
The public hospital 公立医院 Bthp_cSmLs
The private hospital 私立医院 4(8BWP~.y2
② clinc 门诊 7VfPS5se
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 U)('}u=b
③ ward 病房 (~#-J7
④ medical team 医疗队 +3R/g@n
^8g<>,$
3、 医疗手段 :*tFW~<*b
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 A=wh&X
(2) medical treatment 医疗 0T:U(5Y9
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 %hRH80W|
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis .DhB4v&
(5) prevent (v) 预防 >#5jO9
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | 9H
cxL
(7) administrate a drug 给药 gt(!I^LHYc
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 [5MV$)"!j
(9) TCM 中医 R'B-$:u
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 $< .wQ8:Q
(11) medical service 医疗服务 /t _QA
(12) complain of (v) 主述 GrM`\MIO
(13) health checkup 健康普查 )!=X?fz,O
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 AZbFj-^4
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; E
q
t\It9
FOSC#W9E
4 、医疗体制 ])Z p|?Y
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 ,+'VQa"]
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 N/8B@}@n
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 f2i9UZ$=e!
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 XWUi_{zn
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 fa(- &;q
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 j
k/-7/r
P,K^oz}
5 、医德 <*db%{
(1 )medical ethics 医德 HurF4IsHk
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 cIXqnb
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 Ak,T{;rD
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 3q0S}<h al
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 @8|i@S@4
(6 )resolute 果断的 o65I(`
(7 )service quality 服务质量 W,[iRmxn
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people )*9,H|2nS
)bK3%>H#
6 、病人 W-4R;!42
(1 )patient ePiZHqIsv/
(2 )the sick 4siq
(3 )the invalid 3u1\z
se
(4) sufferer p)* x7~3e
J?qikE&
(二)疾病 ;^ YpQP
1 、 患病的表达方式 Kd7 Lpw1u]
⑴ suffer from (v ) BYb"[qPV
(2) contract (v ) SnGXEQ
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 v)LSH;<
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 v=x)]<E"_
w
9CX5Fg
2 、必知疾病名称 $qM&iI-l0
heart disease 心脏病
(xMq(g
hypertension 高血压 /Ca
M(^W
kidney problem 肾病 C@9K`N[*
stroke 中风 ^ARkjYt
shock 休克 cs)R8vuB)z
the blood pressure 血压 P
B{7u
diabetes 糖尿病 *I`Eb7
^
obesity 肥胖 Ba9"IXKH
terminal illness 绝症 /_tN&[
incurable illness 不治之症 Dx.hM[
cancer 癌症 1A N)%
tumor 肿瘤 kf_*=ER
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 -z>m]YDH
emergency case 急症 N`7+]T
serious illness 重症 3SI%>CO}
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 lk4$c1ao2@
short breath 短气 Mqm9i
syndrome 综合症 gTg[!}_;\N
complications 并发症 N7Kkz
/
process 病程 /!W',9ua6
bone loss 骨质疏松 5[H1nC
@C
short-sighted (adj)近视 9oVprd>%@
KZ|p_{0&
3、传染病 ! Y'
~?BI
(1) 感染源 ^aY,Wq
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 \|$GB U
(2 )传染疾病 2z9N/SyN
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 Uk4G9}I
influenza (简)flu 流感 ccgV-'IG9
infection contagion 传染病 2jyxP6t
infectious diseases 传染病 -nnAe
F
AIDS 艾滋病 0#/Pc`zC
SARS C.+:FY.H
(3) 传染 lF)k4
+M
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 FyRr/0
C>
block the channel (v) 'PdUSv|lH
disseminate 传播 ^fvx
2<
cross infection 交叉感染 NzbHg p
1yjP`N
5 、疾病、病痛 Ikgia:/-Z
illness {Ty?OZ
sickness \n0MqXs#
disease :bz;_DZP
ailment Klqte*!
suffering '! ~
s=
9D51@
b6k
6 、疾病的转归 =p#:v
(1 )疾病的恢复 Vet<,;Te
recover recovery {D4N=#tl
recuperate >RKepV(X7
resume _kQOax{c/
recruit qEnmms 1
reinstate O\^D
6\ v
(2) 疾病的恶化 yeN(_t2.
deteriorate D?r
% Y
aggravate 'o-J)+oa
exasperate ,~7+r#q7
make worse }xytV5a^
worsen "S3U]zw0_
SW=%>XKkh
7、其他相关词汇 FO?I}G22
outbreak and spending bE2{^5
iG
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 KPdlg.
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 a}7P:e*u
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 s:Z1
ZAxv
taboo 禁忌 `}*jjnr"
speed up blood circulation (v) +(vL~
improve the cardiac functions (v) B \>W
side effects 副反应 `-<m#HF:)d
complain of 主述
3vF-SgCV
S{qn^\0
K yp(dp>
(三)药物 nF{>RD
1 、药物名称 DP4l
%2m0
medicine q<?r5H5
drug b;t b&o
remedy r;OE6}L>
medicinal herbs YX19QG%
power _D."KU|
tablet Pna2IB+
pill yy$
7{9!
ru1FJ{n
2 、药物用法 s h^
&3}
开药 : )J!=X`b
prescribe some medicine for some diseases i@`T_&6l
write out a proscription 4p_@f^v~QH
服药 [bJAh ` I
take a medicine p&,2@(Q
治…的疾病 Vr%!rQ
a remedy for some diseases {
w:9w
h5R5FzY0&
3 、其他相关词汇 @ei:/~y3
drug therapy 药物治疗 vt-53fa|
side effects 副反应
L~xzfO
drug abuse 药物滥用 p3(&9~s
drugstore 药房 9:jZ3U
over the counter 非处方药 +{S^A)
drug allergy 药物过敏 *ocbV`
drug poisoning 药物中毒 WgQ6EV`
prescription 处方 UHW;e}O5
expenses for medicine 药费 J#'+&DH
charges for medicine ZICcZG_y
drug rebate 药品回扣 #
s'
SZQ4e
8y,
]>n
(四)心理疾病 O;*.dR
1 、心理学专业词汇 oZ(T`5
subhealth 亚健康 +#! !
'XP
psychological benefits 心理健康
|%~sU,Y\(
psychological problem 心理问题 !xxu~j^T
psychological consultation 心理咨询 R83Me#&
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 D>Qc/+
mental obstacles 心理障碍 '
Z}/3 dp
psychological massage 心理按摩 Zu/}TS9bi
psychology 心理学/ 心理 4X &\/X
psychotherapy 心理治疗 Z{ A)
psychological expert 心理专家 Lh5d2
}tcO
%CP:rAd`M.
2 、情绪词汇 v*7lJNN.
overcome S:En9E
disappoint @*gm\sU4
disappointed i>C:C>~
shy , hd2 X/"
flush 6h|@Bz/A
frustration v
@0lTl_
failure N@>,gm@UU
willpower Sh=Px9'i
optimism *$Df)iI6
optimistic AqKl}8
be sensitive to v^h
\E+@
nervous H3"[zg9L:a
tensional Dm j^aFB0|
sad agony pessimism pessimistic <}3c%Q1
confident confidence _|S>,D'
stress pressure >Udb*76
D
depress depressed
7)IBIlV
depression depressive \:8 eN}B
FBM 73D@`
3 、疲劳相关词汇 bc"E=
z
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary _,i]ra{%
Ds$8$1=L=k
(五)肥胖与营养 zn T85#]\@
1 、营养物质 j[XA"DZR<
nutrient 营养素 /vl
]Oa&U
protein 蛋白质 z^Nnt
fat 脂肪 oAX -Sg-/$
glucose 葡萄糖 #dDsI]E)
vitamin 维生素 z[DUktZl
sugar 糖类 {4 !%'~
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 FDaHsiI:
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 JbG\Ywi0]
soft drink beverage 软饮料 O`O{n_o^u
cholesterol胆固醇
TR rO-
0}q ij
2 、营养与饮食 Z&=K+P
a well-balanced diet
xDu11W+g
nutrition 营养 Qw^nN(K!>
nutritional 营养的 sJX/YGHt
+~=>72/r
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 Q;{yIa$ $
8Uvf9,I'
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall 3O<<XXar
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase ^aDos9SyV
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; !h7`W*::
4. 食品安全 food safety RMDs~
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies UuAn`oYhV
6. 应急反应 immediate response to C ^Tc9
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU rx'},[b]3
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system iwCnW7:
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care 8[,,Kr)-
10. 服务体系service system A DTN @b!
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene 3j0/&O
N
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. <(?ahO5
13. 清淡的lite <8!mmOK1
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet |A7Yv
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN }f^r@3Cb3
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 E@"+w,x)
17. 虫媒insect pollination; ?AyG!F
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease W+a>*#*
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; W$N_GR'4
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion (G}*ho
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" zrU0YHmt
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission %fh
,e5(LT
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D 5)V J
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate W
DY,?
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness f`p`c*
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s R8Lp8!F'
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse xx
nW 1`]
28. 相似的akin to=similar to 2y#4rl1Utx
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – 6"[`"~9'V
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver +kH*BhSj
31. 血压 hypertension o9#
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon odny{ePAf
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 sJ7r9O`x
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ xRP#}i:m
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 ov#/v\|0
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health ~{*FjZ`h
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds pJVzT,poh
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations so8isDC'9
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle aIRCz=N
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 4bhm1Q
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people st|$Fu
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent my[)/'
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from UALwr>+VJ
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to E%3WJ%A
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to 5sM-E>8G^{
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to |Ag~k? QC
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive rV"<1y:g
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak "|]'\4UdzQ
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly VDx=Tsu-
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations 68*h#&
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon @PZ&/F^
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate f&js,
NU"
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy &tj0Z:
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances )T(xQ2&r4
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance FaPX[{_E
56. 退休养老金retirement n =~?2i)-mC
57. 医疗改革health care reform 3K @dW"3
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity !Jh-v
59. 月经期menstrual period S 8,a&i:C
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace XGFU *g`kq
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care z/.x*A=
62. 安乐死euthanasia s!9.o_k
63. 得绝症的terminally ill $`i$/FE
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! g*N~r['dZ
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient KX"?3#U#Fm
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. .YYiUA-i9n