医学博士英语写作总结 *p WswcV/
cL
WM]\Y
一、原则与要求：不直译原文，抓主要论点，果断舍弃次要内容，突出新点，论点清晰,主要写中长句子！！2－5个长句！不写或少写短句！！一般真题范例在10－15句左右。 4*
dT| NU
lp]O8^][&
二、现场写作技巧 ss2:8up 99
gh
0\ 9;h
①划线，划出实质性，实词性句子。②翻译标题，有标题就译，没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题，首尾呼应。 iCEX|T
j;
<n`|zQ
精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 0bd.ess
7v:;`6Jb
1.下降、减少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；上升、增加rise; go up; ascend；increase; A P\E
0!z WXKX
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; L`p
[Dq
.
u@ |yw)
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; m 8f_w
PQs9@]w[
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; 2-CK:)n/#
w])Sz*J
5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system /[-hJ=< Yb
i}YnJ
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care，服务体系service system； j?,$
*Fi
2,fB $5+
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene；个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene ^q6~xC,/
g$tW9 Q
8.lite清淡的；protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食； ~Mx
fud
ibq@0CR
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 L9.#/%I\
hG67%T'}A
10.人畜共患病zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病， q}!4b'z^
7-dwr?j7
11.虫媒insect pollination；虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease： x0d+cSw
x\%eg w
12.肾病综合征：nephrotic/renal syndrome； "OPU Gwf
D)_Ei'+*l
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热； y AWDk0bx
Vo%d;>!G\;
14.爆发流行：break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion VPHCPGrk
HZ}*o%O
15.传染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable； ^Toi_
Bag# An1
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; .bE,Q 9:
wGvgMZ ]?'
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 ,:`6x[ +
a%dx\&K
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to person transmission $<v_Vm?6d
OL rD4 e
17.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation e@O A>
/ >C~a]}
18.污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate 0R&
U18)y
g 1~I*!
p
19.福祉 well-being, happiness； to3J@:V8e
A-5 +#
20.衰老grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile WM"^#=+$
PAHlj,n)
21.from bad to worse每况愈下；akin to=similar to 相似的；Purulent脓的,化脓的 E0Q"qEvU
%K"%Qm=Tl
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension !9
,
pX
86# mmm)
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon；亚健康 sub-health _m],(J=,z
|8 bO5l:
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork xV# a(>-4
[+g@@\X4
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years hyiMOa
b`W*vduf
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health / w M
`mj
x4Lb
27.分类 be divided into＝fall into three categories＝be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.＝be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. WuFwt\U
hw$c@:pW;
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations； GQ2Pm nV +
-Zg @D(p F
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle; O}_a3>
1DY
]"Y%M'
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 -'[(Uzj
lVdT^"~3
30.民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people；合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; }b
+QYSt
JhCk kw
31.死亡人数death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying from H:-A; f!Z
0^_lj9B!
The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. ] 5v4^mk
g'ZMV6 b?K
There have been more deaths from drowning. R
pI<]1
c5E#QV0&v~
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少？ ouVjZF@kS
s!ZW'`4!z
32.归结为 boil down to；come down to； $tCcjB K\
s`
=/fvf.
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; t {SMSp
Vp $wHB&
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 %g u
$_S
qX{X4b$
33.大规模on a large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive；大规模流行 large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak ^'&iY V
/*AJr
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; #_?TIY:h
R6q4 ["
因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; x(9; !4O>
8Y\OCwO
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon； (@ fa~?v>@
kz0I 2!bt
复杂的complicated，complex，sophisticated，intricate； 9 $o <
OG`|td
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 @%OPy|=,{
mPs%ZC
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances； cX %:
d&[i EU
养老保险 endowment insurance； 1mHwYT+
W?qpnPW
退休养老金retirement pension； ^^7L"je]g
)o#6-K+b
Health Care Reform医疗改革 *wC \w
]}z'X!v_@
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise；vigorous activity； h@*lWi2K7
U~uwm/h
37.月经期menstrual period o 'C~~Vg).
{Q5KV%F_
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace C=N! z
6xH;: B)d
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care x3Nkp4=Xd
U/ ?F:QD4
40.安乐死euthanasia； :KEq<fEI
VmN}F MGN
41.得绝症的terminally ill； t]s94 R q
OmB
TA=E<
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care \UQ9MX _
60"5
?=D
濒临死亡的病人：dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient ?4^} ;wDb2
'KH
lrmnr
43.Secondhand Smoking ，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. *kP;{ Cb`
?RHn @$g8M
.
>}BNy
$= /rGpAk
