博士生考试基础词汇汇总 N)
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. ]ASTw(4
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay K'oy6$B
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up O
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) G;AJBs>Y}
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay ^?S lM
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. VJS1{n=;k
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with I[KAW"
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. R'$1,ie
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with z-m:l;
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game zcOG[-
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. wDKA1i%G
Way/approach/solution/answer/ 9s#*~[E*
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand :.crES7<[X
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) *~^M_wej
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to OySn[4`(i
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently oT- Y
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind NW~`oc)NS
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement t8uaNvUM}e
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) $u,
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure */j[n$K>~`
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active He is very active in politics. v(l:N@L
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic gP?.io9Oi
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. y|(?>\jBl
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit KA
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) WB\chb%ej#
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. *_eY +\j
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) dQI6.$?
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. LuWY}ste
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample 838@jip
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. uwu`ms7z 2
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns 2Jqr"|sw
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Aim His aim is to win the game. O[R
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination [ip}f4K
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. a
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Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up 9Qn*frdY,
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang tTPjCl
Figure/digit/measure ,m;G:3}48
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. }PzHtA,V
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon DhT8Kh{
L4{+@T1A[
amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. 8s>OO&
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up Y{2L[5_1
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. >/y+;<MZ
sum/measure/quantity/price/value i 8:^1rHp)
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect d2*uY.,
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment 8v\^,'@
theory/outlook |4F'Zu}g>
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. t8t+wi!
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown EN)0b,ax
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. dA$qzQ
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for H`NT`BE
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all Hq "l`
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. SHN'$f0Mb
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain )%~<EJ*&Z
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. 1IWP~G
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. "ac$S9@~
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition QP!0I01
h3P ^W(=&
Hewas appointed member of the committee. $
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Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor NSQ#\:3:S
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg ^"EK:|Y4%K
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. Ll0"<G2t
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. ]BY<D`$$P
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove vXeI)vFK
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of _#TbOfu
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. wZKEUJpQ
Riseraise rouse arouse arise ?eri6D,86w
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up `8G {-_
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. x4;ndck%U
Hjc *WTu
ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating [K"&1h<>
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. ZA'Qw2fF0
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. :x36Z4:
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate v}BXH4 &Y
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. Q(h/C!rKe
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted i=X
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assure I can assure you of my support. 5yQ\s[;o3
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise n
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. o1)8?h
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete `rZS\A
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe -VkPy<)
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. q1vsvL9Q
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from Vc$y^|=
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. xBg.QV
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct \2VYDBi?|
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale =Bw2{]w
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. J3,m{%EtNM
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. !nt[J$.z^
ground foundation i4H,Ggb
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. 5:|=/X%#qp
As soon as before the second the minute the moment p-JGDjR0G
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. W+u-M>Cj6
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. +S
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Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn gt)wk93d>
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals MeW?z|x`'
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team ,f^ICM
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off ,WtJ&S7?
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boom Production boomed. ]..7t|^b&
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper 'ZAl7k .
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short 7mtX/w9
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Weare bound for London. Head make {B[ }}wX$
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to ?tx."MZ
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction VMH^jCFp
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) ?}"39n
Theyhave called off their engagement. /X%+z5
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. Fs&r^ [/b
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful IR|#]en
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Weshould not doubt his capability. DB3qf>@?
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency %S/?Ci
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. '^M.;Giz
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation |=AaGJx
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. ;OZl'
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Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process ; Vpp1mk|
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition <QD[hO^/
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center She centered her attention on the problem.
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Focus concentrate fix
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. d,toU I
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment QJ!2Vw4K
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. me@)kQ8M
flexible changeable changing SDB \6[D
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. 4AMe>s
Selection/preference/option/alternative S=\cF,Zs
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. +lb&_eD
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. -E~r?\;X
Stick adhere hold grasp `QtkC>[
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. p6V#!5Q
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. ;wkMa;%`g|
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. i&?\Pp;5-j
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key iI`vu
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. lrj&60R`w
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join *@p"
7F2 RH 8 )
comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark k%X
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criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark (Gw*xsn 1
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate ,n[<[tkCR
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast
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Poetshave compared sleep to death. /(*Ucv2i}T
Sheis lovely beyond compare. 3E^qh03(
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. AO>b\,0Me
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. c?e-2Dp(
Comparable/comparative URs]S~tk
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. pS|K[:5
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt #-@Uq6Y
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Hehas formed a good habit. a6j& po
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build n1{[CCee@
Assemble/manufacture/produce |Y05 *!\P*
u*):
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required (Hj[9[=
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. KILX?Pt[7
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise `BK b60
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comprehensive/Comprehensible ij;NM:|Sd
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. \cCH/
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware S
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. 7)V"E-6h
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic hdCd:6
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful J)Y`G4l2@
u+r!;-0i
contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. Mq)]2>"v
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel ~Ym_ {
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. 6T'UWh0S
continuously vs continually 4h@,hY1#
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. 9>w~B|/
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with }W8A1-UF
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correspond yiQ ?p:DM
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. m6mGcbpn
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. qisvGHo
Matter be of importance significant {\D&*
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. ;7z6B|8
believe depended count confide rely depend bank isL
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. }w$2,r
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Crucial urgent pressing decisive #j~FlY5
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic uKP4ur@1
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. EcB
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Remind relieve inform deprive rob break U<w8jVE
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Itis not my custom to give in. 7x6M]1F
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature TM(y%!\
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. 7?=^0?a
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress R7Y_ 7@p
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish =:s`C,l.4
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. +<1 |apS1
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce 6#+&/ "*
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. 2L](4Q[M
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. d. vNiq,`
v@Uk% O/
degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent !Ap5Uwd
ur}'Y^0iR
deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. 5I2,za&e
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover jU&m*0nL
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. ,-AF8BP
Demand/require/callfor c#N4XsG,
_Z0 .c@0
deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. <YU?1y?V
refuse decline rejects turn down 7~XC_Yc1
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. ;l
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Thestorms are dying down. J 4gtm"2)
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. eC!=4_lx)
Themembers of the family had all died off. ?y-^Fq|h
Thisspecies has died out. NuQ!huh
^!\1q<@n
Canyou describe what he looks like? ;mU;+~YE
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell DJ"PP5d
I<D#
Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties.
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Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious %/Wk+r9uu
sq2:yt
Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. 6MVu"0#
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous AO7[SHDZ
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. b-<0\@`Z#
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ _;k<=ns(=
throwaway/cast off/get rid of \78E>(`'
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. E]mm^i`|
Herwritings display natural talents. \
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Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present Lk !)G'42
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. O t)}:oG
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar Cy[G7A%
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. s\;/U|P_
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct #yH+ENp0
KZ%i&w#<
Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. $Lp [i
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distinguish tell separate divide t5+p]7
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. X)KCk2Ax
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized ,>-j Ztm
/prominent/important/superior D6L+
mTN
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. D./{f8
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold hWy@?r.
*6?mZ*GYY
diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive /9pxEidVAS
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. +0&^.N
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray J9[7AiEd(/
{5B j*m5
Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. GTR*3,rw
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull }&vD(hX
draw pull drag push heave lift haul *\XOQWrF
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing E<jajYj
P*
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Shedrove her car into the forest. F1.Xk1y%
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride C][$0
t"4* ]S
Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage (vG*)a
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop o ks;G([
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. dcY(1p)
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong ." xP{
tY;<S}[@7w
Itis your duty to go. Q` u#
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role }? _KZ)
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort d}Pfj=W
?SNacN@r
Heis living an easy life now. comfortable *V kaFQZ$,
84WDR?
Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. &{? M} 2I
economic/economical/economy !CU-5bpu
YIRe__7-NU
Hewent to a very good elementary school. q=W.82.U
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive xeFx!$3
OWibmX
Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. +#eol~j9N
Theacid has no effect on the metal. ,cNe-KJk
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. $U?]^
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. "Ol:ni1
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. u:APGR^
effect force power practice %e]G]
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. i?!9%U!z4
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire Rj";?.R*e
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. {Phq39g
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. <q=Zg7zB
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. d0)]^4HT|y
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. "Vq=
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Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. l+6c|([
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. =p4n@C
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. 5! );4+
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. *1EmK.-'u
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. _5rKuL
MU$tX
He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. t[TM\j0jW
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower ntH`\ )xi
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. o:{Sws(=
equip provide ^"7-`<J
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive {LjzkXs
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. B(M-;F
exert practice exercise impose avail fYPu%MN7
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. JL
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Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come *0" ojfVn
EHq;eF
Devotionis essential for work. T/ ECW
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable O\f`+Q`0
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent OB9E30
sxr,]@
Nothingis everlasting. 2'=)ese
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood G0!6rDu2,
q`PA~C];
Thebird extended its wings in flight. *Zg=cI@)(
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify oH17!$Fly
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Hernose is a very attractive feature. Ws5N|g
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark %J-:%i
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? 6h5g!GQD
Inthe favor qN1fWU#$
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous nGWy4rY2S
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. NV?x<LNWd
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot <D:q
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. u~*A-X[
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. p>pN?53S
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. [xY-=-T*4
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders [)}P{y
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. {hN\=_6*EW
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant N`7O
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. HOu$14g
Understand comprehend catch on get \nP79F0%2
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. hj"JmF$m
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout !Z
>,dN
/handout/turn in ?s>_^xfD
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. X}
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Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent %!-t7K^mFq
X ]&`"Z]
Theygrouped together in fours. ueU "v'h\
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate gO*Gf2AG
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter jx
W/"Q
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across [-#1;!k
Hernew film is quite a hit. success M@q)\UQ'
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect %#4;'\'5
hx%UZ <a
hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. ZR3sz/ulLd
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. zN9@.!?X2
Shealways holds to her convictions. Q$'\_zV
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. ML$#&Z@
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Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. >d
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There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. ZA_~o
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A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up tIBEja^l
LM"b%
identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as Tnf&32IA
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Ifonly I were rich! _mQ~[}y+?
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. |QH )A
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Immoralvs amoral lg (>n&
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. ZZ0b!{qj3
+x:VIi
Itwas he that initiated this project. qP%[nY
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice 7BA9zs392
,n5 [Y)
Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. Mr K?,7*Xi
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) .|kp`-F51
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