博士生考试基础词汇汇总 Q_p&~ PNy5
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. I++ Le%w
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay ] 7[#K^
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up R|}4H*N
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) *jQ$\|Y
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay Z&?4<-@6\p
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. ~tTn7[!
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with M
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. |5`ecjb.
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with $bKXP(
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game A@_>9;
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. [?:MIl#!
Way/approach/solution/answer/ 8a@k6OZ
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand XXX y*/P
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) k4<28
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to "CC"J(&a
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently 2!
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Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind
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Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement ,<K+.7,)E
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) oB!Y)f6H1
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure P-[})Z=
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active He is very active in politics.
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Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic "|J6*s
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. <)LR
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit JAjiG^]
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) Hc<@T_h+2
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. ud)WH|Z
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) 5Hj/7~ =
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. xc@$z*w
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample -le^ 5M7
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. GK,{$SC+=
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns ami>Pp
9?hF<}1XH}
Aim His aim is to win the game. 3}phg
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination .eVX/6,
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. !wd
wo0
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up saZK+kD4I
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang r9bAbE
bI
Figure/digit/measure 2P`./1L
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. '>1M~B
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon #
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. mMZrBz7r
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up Cb<7?),vK
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. ^)Y3V-@t
sum/measure/quantity/price/value
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect : Gi8Jo
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment lQ ki58.
theory/outlook H@zv-{}T8
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. u w8g%
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown bL0]Yuh
G] tT=X[
anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. $$4flfx
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for buzpmRoN)
LHOt(5VY
anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all q\!"FDOl4
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. }>y~P~`S:
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain ~v/`
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. UDJ#P9uy
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. :Zq?V`+M
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition 3#udzC
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. [F27i#'I]
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor fzjtaH?
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg "@xL9[d
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. BL\H@D
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. |5BvVqn
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove 3HndE~_C&
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of cw~-%%/
2<_|1%C
ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. .7Itbp6=R
Riseraise rouse arouse arise (%]M a
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up e=",58
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. x{VUl
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating %/K;!'7
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. !$,e)89
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. ~H626vT37
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate chU,));F
v<]$,V]
Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. ].x`Fq3
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted {MmK:C
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assure I can assure you of my support. ']>/$[!
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise 2,'%G\QT
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. Z}r9jM
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete /h K/t;
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe $7&t`E)qY
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. qyY]:
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Avoid shun escape evade keep away from Jgzg[6
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. axiP~t2
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct Ku] <$uo
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale - f%J_`
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. 9rM6kLD
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. [!>DQE
ground foundation q-d#bKIf
FK`M+ j
Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. JReJlDu
As soon as before the second the minute the moment
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. iKe68kx
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. iig@$
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Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn D=!5l4
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals C;oT0(
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team `ouCQ]tKz
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off 6Bn%7ZBv
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boom Production boomed. )w&k&TY4H
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper >r5s>A[YC
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short '7/c7m/$X<
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Weare bound for London. Head make _16IP
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to Q[.HoqWK
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction %LeZd}v
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) /;a b"b
Theyhave called off their engagement. w2e9Ue~WH
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. k&S
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Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful Ob>M]udn
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Weshould not doubt his capability. c6f[^Q%#j
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency i2(lqhaP
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. -iJ @K
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation $ @Fvl-lK
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. ;E]^7T
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process yi$ Jk}w
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition -cW'g
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center She centered her attention on the problem. `U[s d*C"
Focus concentrate fix wc.T;(
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. kz+OUA@~
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment ri?>@i-9=
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. x]%'^7#v)
flexible changeable changing \6z_;
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. )r^)e4UI
Selection/preference/option/alternative Yf=Puy}q
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. JTn\NSa
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. S_ Pa .
Stick adhere hold grasp d} `Z| ex
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. ~$\9T.tre2
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. '**dD2
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. u6#=<FD/}
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key {+V]saYP
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. 3w-0IP]<
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join [G/ti&Od^
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark {hmC
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criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark MY]<^/Q
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate S);SfNh%CL
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast c\\'x\J7
Poetshave compared sleep to death. #S*`7MvM
Sheis lovely beyond compare. ?{
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comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. c :{#H9
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. m@Vz42g~+
Comparable/comparative v,VCbmc
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. 7l~d_<h
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt FZ0wtS2
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Hehas formed a good habit. P d"=&Az|
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build $:i%\7=
Assemble/manufacture/produce O_kBAC-|R(
Mkj`
Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required a
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. h|T_
k
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise dx&!RK+
8nj^x?bn
comprehensive/Comprehensible 4Ucs9w3[
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. ]+
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware P5K=S.g
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. q9h3/uTv
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic n?[JPG2X
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful (\8~W*ej"
/TndB7l"3
contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. aob+
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Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel ;J>upI
yd|ro G/
Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. Z0'&@P$
continuously vs continually #B!HPlrv
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express E-`3}"{
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. ;(3!#4`q(]
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with 3!u`PIQv
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correspond TFAd
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. ;H4 s[#K
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. 0#S#v2r5
Matter be of importance significant KPrH1 [VU
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. fjd)/Gg
believe depended count confide rely depend bank KSAE!+
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. `x]`<kS;
Crucial urgent pressing decisive 4Jf9N'
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic b]b+PK*h
c[>xM3=e^q
cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. ='t}d>l
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break !+u
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Itis not my custom to give in. yu>o7ie+;Y
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature B#G:aBCM
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. #,9s\T
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress Y$5uoq%p3A
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish `=$p!H8
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. /Nkxb&
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce G}Ko*:fWS
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. 9:P\)'y?
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. MD^,"!A
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent "AP$)xM-:
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. ed2r<H$
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover S Rk%BJ? ~
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. ,{; *b
v
Demand/require/callfor _X|prIOb=
la}cGZ; p.
deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. @QMy!y_K~m
refuse decline rejects turn down 3RanAT.nu:
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. inFS99DKx
Thestorms are dying down. l
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Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. n.rn+nuwv
Themembers of the family had all died off. ah%Ws#&
Thisspecies has died out. O}w%$ mq
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Canyou describe what he looks like? `U=Jbdc l3
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell Ia<V\$ #
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. +TyN;e
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious #N"u 0
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. *`rfD*
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous [}M!ez
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. d]Y;rqjue
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ i!RfUod
throwaway/cast off/get rid of c-PZG|<C[
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. "V(P)_
Herwritings display natural talents.
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Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present /OWwC%tM/
9(J,&)J
distinct Mice are distinct form rats. e`S\-t?Z
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar &
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Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. ,f2oO?L}
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct Ku%tM7 ad
rD~/]y)t
Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. rHTZM,zM=H
distinguish tell separate divide IJ&Lk=2E]
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. =aZ d>{Y
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized D>[Sib/@
/prominent/important/superior Gk
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. BLyV~
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold v>#Njgo
jel:oy|_
diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive U8Zb&6
Rey+3*zUb
Herefused to disclose his name and address. hN M8H
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray dazNw
n
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. S(Af o`
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull Ku l<Q<
draw pull drag push heave lift haul LDc EjFK(
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing Qdq;C,}Ai.
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Shedrove her car into the forest. 1~c\J0h)d
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride {&,p<5o
d\JaYizp
Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage Y7.+
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Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop VGc*aQYa
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. j~k,d
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Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong E:x@O8F
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Itis your duty to go. YCD|lL#
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role ;DuVb2~+
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort Iw`tbN
L[
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable ed,A'S=d
8OZj24*'DS
Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. YRlf U5
economic/economical/economy .7.lr[$g
5G`HJ6
Hewent to a very good elementary school. ;d6Dm)/(
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive eL}w{Hlk
T
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. O`@Nl
Theacid has no effect on the metal. e_=K0fFz
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. ,W}:vdC
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. ^cYB.oeu
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. INN}xZ
effect force power practice s(=wG|
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. SboHo({5VA
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire l(Rn=?
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. :0r,.)
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. S~Gse+*
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. 1CB&z@
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. 1p}Wj*mc
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. '#+&?6 p
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. =LaEEL
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. Gm|-[iUTG]
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. fQfn7FaW_\
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. Tvx1+0Z%z
LCB-ewy#E
He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. )pHtsd. eP
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower |n26[=\B
3k1e
Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. c2P}P* _
equip provide f!'i5I]
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive p[Po*c.b
i=gZ8Q=H
Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. .
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exert practice exercise impose avail QL7b<xDQC*
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. t /+;#-
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent GL
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come G8av5zR
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Devotionis essential for work. '7?Y+R@|L
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable =~;~hZj
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent PeJ#9hI~rQ
$*0-+h
Nothingis everlasting. e0`z~z]6&
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood =z'(FP5!0
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Thebird extended its wings in flight. OFtaOjsyUa
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify 'zYS:W
&s".hP6
Hernose is a very attractive feature. e0P[,e*0
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark le/j!
*)E${\1' <
Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? kSz+UMC-7:
Inthe favor ozRO:*51
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous #tV1?q
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. >?@5>wF
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot <e UsMo<
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. R0Vt_7
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. B/4M;G~
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. <odi>!ViH
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders .aNh>`OT'
lAN&d;NU6Z
There are fine distinctions between thetwo. %
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fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant %E_Y4Oe1
5=?P6I_$G
Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. LQ~|VRRX<
Understand comprehend catch on get D)-LZbPa
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. 5sJ>+Rg
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout S(PV*e8
/handout/turn in ?g ,s<{
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. <SNr\/aCRi
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent d#T5=5#
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Theygrouped together in fours. li%@HdA!
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate |m-N5$\IC
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter =aVvv+T
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across }n&nuaj
Hernew film is quite a hit. success 5, ;\z
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Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect C|]c#X2t3
vl/!w2
hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. iM8Cw/DS
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. Y7S1^'E
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Shealways holds to her convictions. x_7$g<n
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. "[
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Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. ,[
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There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. M
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A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up 0gqV>:
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as Kii@Z5R_?
qq!ZYWy2
Ifonly I were rich! f
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Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. xtGit}
"vk]y
Immoralvs amoral <J d!`$
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. {EZR}N
S<(i /5Z+
Itwas he that initiated this project. S(3h{Y"#
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice oJM;CN
i@:^b_
Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. kVLZdXn,q2
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) &</)k|.A6\
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Weare in for trouble. 48,*sTRq
Heknow the ins and outs of the problem. C1AX
Privatizationis thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. #TUm&2 +V
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pleasing pleasant grateful thankful pleased gracious generous :#&Y
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Henever allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for theireducation. 947;6a%$
Hisreal name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short. @/:7G.
Thecountry is short in known deposits of coal and iron. 5<Uh2c
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sympathy Quite a number of people are in sympathy withyou on that point. {`e-%<
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Hepicked up all the books in turn and examined them. +jwk4BU
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Sheturned a deaf ear to our warnings.
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Inno way can teaching in school be separated from practice. l
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We’ll all take a vacation in the mountainsas soon as I finish working on this project. U&R)a|
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