博士生考试基础词汇汇总 rs!J<CRq
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. B9+oI cO
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay b$VdTpz
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up o.sa?*
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) Kf(% aDYq
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay rMLCtGi
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. %B#
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Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with I'J=I{p*
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. S[* e K
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engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with Lt=#tu&d
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game #&&^5r-b-
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. ]xV7)/b5G
Way/approach/solution/answer/ !t[X/iu
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand v@< "b U
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) YdIV_&-W
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to qH"e:
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently KJJ8P`Kx
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind v;{s@CM m
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement /zPN9 db
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) P2 f~sx9
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure oP_'0
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active He is very active in politics. rOH8W
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic zgqe@;{
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. ]-["sw
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit r'k-*I
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) aW$7:<A{
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. S\s1}`pNm
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) cM.q^{d`
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. x-(?^g
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample 1&U'pp|T
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. {Km|SG[-q
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns l,-smK69
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Aim His aim is to win the game. [t,grdw
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination #li;L
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears.
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Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up Su-LZ'C\
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang c{s<W}3Ds
Figure/digit/measure ib*$3Fn~
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. : :e=6i
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon !fyE
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. JwxI8Pi*y
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up 0 l
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. jKM-(s!(
sum/measure/quantity/price/value nNq| v=L
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect H /*^$>0Uo
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment x{5I
theory/outlook _H<ur?G
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. (y=P-nm
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown |P>>
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do.
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expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for )TVyRY Z1
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all =DcKHL(m
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. xa5I{<<U
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain ~^KemwogPN
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. q}1AV7$Ai
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. 'FO^VJ;ha
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition q#c\
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. <+
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Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor rP^2MH"
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg .y#@~H($
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. !C&}e8M|eX
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. 87r#;ND
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove @0-<|,^]
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of wRi
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. nH/V2>Lm
Riseraise rouse arouse arise k`'^e/
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up b:+.Y$%F-
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. Vj2]-]Cm
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating 8%U+y0j6b
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. Z ZX|MA!
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. ApG_Gd.
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate )8!""n~
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. Gh>Rt=Qu%
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted &) T5V
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assure I can assure you of my support. 9h9 jS~h
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise >h(n8wTP
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. .-awl1 W
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete @/9#Z4&d0
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe F w
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. &5h{XSv
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from @@-n/9>vs
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. ZX'q-JUv f
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct ="Zr. g~8
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale ZVs]_`(+
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. Q,9"/@:c,
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. zl^ %x1G
ground foundation 2FU+o\1%
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. |;sL*Vr
As soon as before the second the minute the moment 6?$yBu9l
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. `@TWZ%f6
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. QxS]6hA
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn m#1>y}
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals {*mf Is
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team W>TG!R 5
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off 3r^Ls[ey
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boom Production boomed. 'F2g2W`
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper [l44,!Z&
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short )R6h
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Weare bound for London. Head make mR,w~wP
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to T*o!#E.
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction xVxN
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) tTEw"DL_-
Theyhave called off their engagement. ej91)3AO
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. i~3\jD=<
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful 0<i8
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Weshould not doubt his capability. G&Fe2&5!w
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency niA>afo
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. ?e{hidg
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation m!5MGq~
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. ="p,~ivrz
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process 4A0v>G`E*#
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition bvW3[ V
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center She centered her attention on the problem. bMq)[8,N
Focus concentrate fix T mK[^
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. 2=
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Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment ToK=`0#LNK
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. s
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flexible changeable changing 6&+}Hhe
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. {[4.<|26
Selection/preference/option/alternative \kZ@2.pN
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. O7]kcA
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. 3*T/ 7\
Stick adhere hold grasp X?YT>+g;
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. K]1|#`n
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. _?]W%R|
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. P2&0bNY
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key t3 3\f<e
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. u+y3(0
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join j115:f
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark c'XSs
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark Z`f?7/"B
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate l9]nrT1Hy
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast 62kA(F0e,
Poetshave compared sleep to death. @HTs.4
Sheis lovely beyond compare. )6B
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comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. @#*{*
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Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. RD0*]4>]
Comparable/comparative 03AQB;.
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. o6RT 4`
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt Xgl
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Hehas formed a good habit. me F.
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build >0u*E *Y
Assemble/manufacture/produce Vx:uqzw#
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required O2"@09
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. [vz2< genn
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise ]k BC,m(
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comprehensive/Comprehensible 1H\5E~X
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. [h_d1\ Cr
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware zo8&(XS
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. 3g56[;Up?
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic !b+!] 2~g}
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful @ Jb-[W$*
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. x^cJ~e2
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel SLH;iqPT
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. "`4M4`'
continuously vs continually T{N8 K K
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express #BgiD
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. ICc:k%wE7
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with Zw<<p|{)<
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correspond =rkW325O
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. WD*z..`
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. `_]Ul I_h
Matter be of importance significant Mp[2A uf
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. m6A\R KJ'
believe depended count confide rely depend bank ?N@[R];
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. L!`PM.:9
Crucial urgent pressing decisive I%B\Wy/j^
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic gr# |ZK.`
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. r$x;rL4
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break R D?52\
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Itis not my custom to give in.
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Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature =j{Kxnv
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. "M^mJl&*b
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress \BO6.;jA
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish FJT0lC
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. J6<O|ng::
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce I8YCXh
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. e{
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Shewas deeply interested in classical music.
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent Qd>\{$N
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. #Jr4LQ@A9
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover SDVnyT
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. jdx T662q
Demand/require/callfor t J&tNSjTi
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. <
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refuse decline rejects turn down MV07RjeS
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. ~@#a*="
Thestorms are dying down. hVui.]
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. ;|:R*(2
Themembers of the family had all died off. \NKQ:F1
Thisspecies has died out. Cl{Ar8d}
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Canyou describe what he looks like? P%N)]b<c*
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell e+MQmWA'F
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. B-PX/Q
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious bvZ:5M
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. \-f/\P/ w
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous d`=LZio
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. |qz%6w=
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ WjCxTBI
throwaway/cast off/get rid of '$?!>HN4
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. 9C0#K\
Herwritings display natural talents.
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Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present k%Vprc
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. &;=/^~EG
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar &/WE{W
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. VCJOWUEO1
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct D9?.Ru0.
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Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. #<ST.f@*
distinguish tell separate divide )*S:C
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. bLAHVi<.
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized ,isjiy
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/prominent/important/superior z|X6\8f
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. Y#tur`
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Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold "
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive (xRcG+3];
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. K +3=gBU*w
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. D
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Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull ?1a9k@[t
draw pull drag push heave lift haul s&(;
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing ZcQu9XDIt
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Shedrove her car into the forest. hW<v5!,
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride d%"XsbO
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage mV$ebFco0
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop J5I@*f)l
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. \`2'W1O
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong IrqM_OjC
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Itis your duty to go. czuIs|_K*
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role h<`aL;.g
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort VTM* 1uXS>
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable 1 _?8 OU
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. a(~Y:v
economic/economical/economy gwRB6m$
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Hewent to a very good elementary school. :ZV|8xI
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive 3ic /xy;}
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. d_@
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Theacid has no effect on the metal. gEd A
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Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. pj$JA
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. Q[biy{(b8
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. ^v'kEsE^*
effect force power practice _x,X0ncv]@
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. im2mA8OH
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire yV(#z2|
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. bC
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Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. P R
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I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. WNGX`V,d
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. EZ)b E9
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. SGWb*grt
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. NN*L3yx
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. I%YwG3uR
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. V~*Gk! +f
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. F1#{(uW
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He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. {rc3`<%
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower 2{79,Js0
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. N%dY.Fk
equip provide W=+n|1
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive nwFBuP<LR
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. dc)%5fV\
exert practice exercise impose avail cq
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. 9JA@m
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent 50_[hC&C)
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come w%])
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Devotionis essential for work. =yod
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable oMbd1uus
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent Z<X=00,wg
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Nothingis everlasting. wkp2A18n
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood p<L7qwOii
?}?"m:=
Thebird extended its wings in flight. IW\^-LI.
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify EE"8s7ZF
c,1 G+.
Hernose is a very attractive feature. c+FTt(\8.
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark T1Py6Q,-
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? g
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Inthe favor (G|
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Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous ]
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. .)/."V
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot DdR0u0JH0
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. ]gBnzh.
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. Oi\ s
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. B?BOAH
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders WOn53|GQK
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. y[b8rv
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant |:C0_`M9
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. e 6mZ;y5_
Understand comprehend catch on get (7qlp*8.s
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. =DdPwr 0Op
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout W.^zN' a
/handout/turn in ZiZ @3O6
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. 9\EW~OgTu
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent 4FzTf7h^
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Theygrouped together in fours. T^4 dHG-(
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate _&]7
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter zg ,=A?
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across x\'3UKQP+^
Hernew film is quite a hit. success ;t*SG*Vi
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect e.vt"eRB
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. T'}kCnp
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. 4^r6RS@z
Shealways holds to her convictions. )jXKPL
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Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. x'0_lf</#
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. rA
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There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. 'o)Y!VYnJF
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up &?y@`',a0{
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as "*HM8\
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Ifonly I were rich! ~IYR&GEaUG
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. 8Ygf@*9L4
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Immoralvs amoral C!:Lk,Z
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. qeFaY74S
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Itwas he that initiated this project. &Z>??|f
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice gs!'*U)
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. cBqbbZyUk
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) 4L:O0Ggz}
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Heknow the ins and outs of the problem. $1 B?@~&
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