博士生考试基础词汇汇总 gAhC
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. Cc0`Y lx~(
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay /,"
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desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up =$}P'[V
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) ')5W
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay 95_?F7}9
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. 4};!nYey!
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with X"(!\{ySI;
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. Hig=PG5I
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with q =b.!AZy
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game +e)So+.W
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. r6Lb0PzMf
Way/approach/solution/answer/ [zm&}$nnN
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand ,cWO Ak
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) Y6`9:97
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to ^v}Z5,aN
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently :t(gD8 ;
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind Fh?;,Z
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement fg8V6FS
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) ]"dZE2!
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure N(dn"`8
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active He is very active in politics. teUCK(;23
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic =gGK24 3
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. ~1S7\e7{
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit 1UJ(._0hR
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) UIL5K
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. $P^=QN5Bb
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) H$Q$3Q!`
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. $B~a*zZ7
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample RL~\/#
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. r;y&Wa
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns KofjveOiC
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Aim His aim is to win the game. Xvi{A]V
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination agBKp!
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears.
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Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up S^I38gJd
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang HjGT{o
Figure/digit/measure 5 f/[HO)
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. K.o?g?&<
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon cn<9!2a
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. p&Nw:S
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up m;KMr
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. |g8
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sum/measure/quantity/price/value 5w}xjOYIjV
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect 6XFO@c}d
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment p"q-
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theory/outlook i;6\tK"!
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. ZJy
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Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown <u->hT
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. F
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expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for A<>W^ow
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all S:Yo9~
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. Plm3vk=
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain -{7:^K[)
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. pKr
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Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. .rxc"fR4_
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition C$,S#n@
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. "T~Ps$
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor I,
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg f3v/Y
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. 1$Eiv8xd
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. AiO,zjM =
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove 72v 9S T
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of j$8~M
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. `bH Eu"(,
Riseraise rouse arouse arise F6q}(+9i
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up }>tUkXlhJ<
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. CdEJ/G:
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating ?cpID8Z
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. DtZkrj)D/
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. H:~LL0Md%
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate ){ wE)NN
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. */Y@:Sjf
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted w>m/c1
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assure I can assure you of my support. 1;
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confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise o#6j+fo!n
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. ]huqZI
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete KU$.m3A>
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe .Cm wR$u&
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. P'FI'2cN7
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from T>L6 X:d
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. LM<OYRB(
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct ``zg |h
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale dGHRHX
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. 4Tq%V|5"&
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. y" P$:l
ground foundation 8=<d2u'
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. MiS$Y
As soon as before the second the minute the moment [UFLL:_sC
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. g+)T\_#u
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. d}IVYI
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn -l$]>J~
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals op[OB=
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team ]cFqKs
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off o;-)84Aa
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boom Production boomed. 4,TS1H
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper [;#}BlbN
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short }.MJVB3
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Weare bound for London. Head make _T8#36iR
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to IP/
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Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction p\1[cz)B
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) <~vamim#K
Theyhave called off their engagement. B k#68p
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. RY&Wv
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Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful ]X;Ty\UD&
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Weshould not doubt his capability. nlw(U3@7
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency Vb|DNl@
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. ;v*$6DIC5
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation Vv0dBFe
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. %}x/fq
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process JrQ*.lJj
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition b~y1'|}g
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center She centered her attention on the problem. H&6lQ30/)
Focus concentrate fix Xu3
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. HhH[p
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Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment ~^w;`~L
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. =Bu d!
flexible changeable changing wk<QYLEk
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. m%X~EwFc.
Selection/preference/option/alternative 1b-4wonQd
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. &JVe
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. 1X.5cl?V
Stick adhere hold grasp 9mIq9rQ|*
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. L!|c: 8
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. u0^GB9q
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. .36z
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key N5Eb.a9S
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. QHUoAa`6v
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join B<T wTv
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark wLAGe'GX
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark !G.)%+Z
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate L5Rj;qhi
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast mWZoo/xtT
Poetshave compared sleep to death. n a])bBn
Sheis lovely beyond compare. lwIU|T<4
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. [~,~ e
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. |d?0ZA:z
Comparable/comparative CS"2Sd 1`
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. $/ew'h9q
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt _V^^%$
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Hehas formed a good habit. |Tuk9d4]
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build T52A}vf4
Assemble/manufacture/produce OWT5Bjl
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required 6":=p:PT.
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. 02q]^3
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise [vV]lWOp'
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comprehensive/Comprehensible ZgVYC4=Q-\
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. ,{MA90!
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware NCbn<
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. o Y{L0B[
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic //S/pCqED
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful ^3C8GzOsO
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. %H Pwu &
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel D&KRJQ/
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. NK.
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continuously vs continually xsn2Qn/P
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express |X@ZM
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with.
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dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with ,xmmS\
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correspond %X)w$}WH
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. ^ z!g3
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. ~5S[Sl
Matter be of importance significant W
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. 5DB4 vh
believe depended count confide rely depend bank Y~vyCU5nWR
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. R|
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Crucial urgent pressing decisive ,
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Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic `b.KMOn
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. |7XP
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Remind relieve inform deprive rob break ]k0Pe;<
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Itis not my custom to give in. ~@Yiwp\"
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature w4I&SLm-b
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. {nQ?+o3
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress zo
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grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish P_7QZ0k/
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. u?Pec:3%
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. ERka l7+
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. Z+8Q{|Ev
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent /-FvC^Fj
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. u)X]]6YJ
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover ^pc?oDPSg
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. Yo-$Z-ud
Demand/require/callfor A r=P;6J
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. ;L`NF"
refuse decline rejects turn down a62'\wF>D
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. L>3- z>u,
Thestorms are dying down. c*!xdK
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. >?L)+*^
Themembers of the family had all died off. evQk,;pIm
Thisspecies has died out. oR@emYL
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Canyou describe what he looks like? W Te1E, M
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell j6&q6C X
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. @{ CP18~:
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious vEZd;40y
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. M> rertUR
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous )e?6 Ncy
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. Z,QSbw@,7
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ CkeqK
throwaway/cast off/get rid of E]&tgZO
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. [ApAd
Herwritings display natural talents. '{F
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Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present Egm-PoPe
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. A4IPd
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar _h1:{hF
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. KrqO7
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct T,uVt^.R+
Rap =&
Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. )%Lgo${[;
distinguish tell separate divide r.10b]b
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. #(dERET*
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized |W;EPQ+<
/prominent/important/superior f'&
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. />[~2d
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Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold I%#
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. mqv!"rk'w
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray QP[`*X
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. fH[:S9@
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull ^J7g)j3
draw pull drag push heave lift haul cwKOE?!
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing &Vi0.o
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Shedrove her car into the forest. lL6qK&;
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride C@q&0\HN
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage fP
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Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop `Ao;xOJ
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. M"$TXXe
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong Y2Y!^A89
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Itis your duty to go. vXi}B
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role rO`nS<G
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort tHo0q<.oX
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable hrr ;=q$
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. A*:(%!
economic/economical/economy "@[xo7T
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Hewent to a very good elementary school. r,4V SyZF\
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive vAE?^*F
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. '#.:%4
Theacid has no effect on the metal. ,b@0Qa"
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. 7=ZB;(`L1
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. o /fq
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. LE Y Y{G?
effect force power practice _+8$=k2nM
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. k-
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Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire fXw%2wg
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. y( MF_'l
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. _ }!Q4K
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. .#h]_%
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. 2uWzcy ?F
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. n37( sKG
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. >CPkL_@VZ=
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. $vy.BYFm
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. `bT{E.(T
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. .(S,dG0P
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He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. _ksp;kH?)
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower r 'j
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fJE ki>1
Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. DO03v
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equip provide {b<8Z*4W
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive RL&3 P@r
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. Y5MHd>m
exert practice exercise impose avail "W+4`A(/l
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. >uuX<\cW
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent bY>o%LL-
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come p[uwG31IL`
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Devotionis essential for work. |\_O8=B%
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable [#Yyw8V#<
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent +bO{UC[
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Nothingis everlasting. r\NnWS J
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood -%N (X8
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Thebird extended its wings in flight. df:,5@CJ8
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify #* Hhe>
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Hernose is a very attractive feature. ~clWG-i
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark wk/->Rz
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? {Y@[hoHtF
Inthe favor B#DV<%GPl
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous .6"7Xxe]<
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. 9e=*jRs]l^
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot iBi/9
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. ZRHTvxf
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. wTW"1M
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. 'I P!)DS
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders b?^n
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. @bx2=
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. 6vA5L_
Understand comprehend catch on get NLpD,q{
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. XJ\q!{;h
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout `R> O5Rv
/handout/turn in cTnbI4S;
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. _#O?g=1
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent twtDyo(\
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Theygrouped together in fours. +XE21hb
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate l 3K8{HY
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter ^ztf:'l@C
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across a{+oN
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Hernew film is quite a hit. success Pb,^UFa=
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect A 5 X+Z
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. }dUC^04
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. =T)2wcXBB
Shealways holds to her convictions. VK;x6*Y
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. @<G/H|f
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. _6!/}Fm
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. h'~-K`
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up Rda1X~-g
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as \&5@ yh
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Ifonly I were rich! ib\[ ~rg
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. rx>Tc#g
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Immoralvs amoral Hi_Al,j:
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. Rr 4CcM
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Itwas he that initiated this project. xzl4v =7
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice SU
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. +?Jk@lE<
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) o:8S$F`O@
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Weare in for trouble. CY3 \:D0I
Heknow the ins and outs of the problem. N~5WA3xd
Privatizationis thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. C.eV|rc@T
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Agood teacher should be impartial to his students. x_y>j)
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inferior superior senior junior similar prior EB2^]?
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intellect insight perception understanding comprehension wisdom intuition wAYzR$i
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testified witnessed justified identified notify specify /R(U>pZ
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Pleasekeep to the point --- we are running out of time. 4('0f:9z+
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Ifyou want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it. (to / up on) @}&,W
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Byand large, the company has been good to me. m0BG9~p|
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Peoplewho walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars. .KiPNTh'
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Sheliked the black dress and bought it although it was very expensive. nu469
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The football match was televised live fromthe workers’ stadium. 27Kc-rcB
alive live life lively living lovely ;1{iF2jZ:
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Whatare we to make of his behavior? rtB|N-
Nothingcan make up for the loss of a life. +L`V[;
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A(large) number of problems have arisen. Zr\2BOcc.l
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Themarks were below average. q:xtm?'$
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Nobodyowned up to the theft. QT_Srw@
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pleasing pleasant grateful thankful pleased gracious generous 70{RDj6{
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Hemade an excellent speech, and everything he said was to the point. ,|A{!j`
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reach All these were within the reach of theordinary men. aHC%19UN
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Her requirements are reasonable. {>h97}P
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My favorite recreation is chess. x9~[HuJ
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Pleasegive my sincere regards to all the members of your family. W+hV9
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risk He saved my life at the risk of losing hisown. jsZY{s=
Hewas ready to run(take) the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemy. &k+*3.X
Thefuture of the whole company is at risk. ?4sJw:
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Herclear and elegant prose sets apart from most other journalists. x ;mJvfX
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Becominga doctor requires years of training ----- there are really no short cuts. [,GU5,o
Henever allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for theireducation.
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Hisreal name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short. #Z!#;%S
Thecountry is short in known deposits of coal and iron. (M8hy4Ex
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sympathy Quite a number of people are in sympathy withyou on that point. La]4/=a
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thought On second thoughts, I am inclined to agreewith you. 38"cbHE3
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trace Her fear of water can traced back to achildhood accident. 1P \up
trade he traded in his car for a new model. 4[Z1r~t\L
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what he said is true. ThbP;CzI#
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Thiscompany of soldiers had ______ no women among them, so you could imagine whatthey joked about. ( virtually virtuously virtual actual) >N :|Km\
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Bythe way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia? (N&k}CO]W
Inno way can teaching in school be separated from practice. *7)S%r,?
Ina way his health is much improved, but he is still not really well. |^
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Wemust not give way to their demands. {yGZc3e1j
Youcan’t have everything your own way. 0G+L1a
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Hehas done nothing out the way yet. (YaOh^T:|
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We’ll all take a vacation in the mountainsas soon as I finish working on this project. ;LwFbkOuU