博士生考试基础词汇汇总 <\?dPRw2>
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. -$(2Z[
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay l>@){zxL
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up HhB'
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) j`k:)
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay \l/<
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. S| l%JM^
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with %Yny/O\e%
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. 5m
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engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with Z(o]8*;Ai
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game *uvE`4V^Jg
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. u$y5?n|
Way/approach/solution/answer/ ci{WyIh
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand k\lU
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) 8jU6N*p/
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to -v?)E
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently M0"}>`1lJ
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind 9l:vVp7Uk
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement 4F?O5&329i
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) @7OE:& #V
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure 1F94e)M)"
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active He is very active in politics. -v62 s
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic hC...tk
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. 3B[u2o>
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit 1agI/R
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) gWHjI3;
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. yu@u0vlc
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) "BD$-]
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. ({kOgOeC
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample p)w{}@%r
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. -%6Y&_5VK
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns W``
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Aim His aim is to win the game. U
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Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination '"fZGz?
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. ?emYLw
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up |FH|l#bu>
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang w>uo-88
Figure/digit/measure w@&
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ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. 4'BZ +A,p
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon GP;UuQz
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. ;J&9l
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Addup to/approximate/total/sum up a5@XD_b
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. Tg\wBhJr|
sum/measure/quantity/price/value ewORb
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect WDq~mi
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment $3je+=ER
theory/outlook ]iE)8X
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. ypV>*
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown $KMxq=
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. -G@:
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expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for kb2M3%6V
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all sTChbks
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. Q3|I.I e
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain v7@O ,%
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. ?Y|*EH
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. kRH;c,E@
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition 5x1_rjP$|
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. 'p:L"L}Q?
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor Eh*t;J=O
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg UZ}>@0
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. 5xF R7%_&
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. vhaUV#V"
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove sB>ZN3ptH^
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of Z6XP ..
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. {f
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Riseraise rouse arouse arise <dA1n:3o
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up zkrcsc\Z~0
I N'a5&..
artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. {Z=m5Dy}
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating '9#O#I&J
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. SdTJ?P+m
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. '~ {x n
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate "x*5g*k
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. @!:~gQ
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted Hi 1@
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assure I can assure you of my support. . .|>|X4
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise 0DBA 'Cv
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. hZ0CnY8 '
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete ?_L)|:WL
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe 3+_
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. g{zvks~it
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from =""z!%j
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. Zz<k^
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct @O/Jy2>3H
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale v`"z
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year.
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China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. B>&Q]J+R
ground foundation Wj"\nT4
nyyKA_#:5
Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. b'9\j.By
As soon as before the second the minute the moment zo,`Vibx<
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. 5OUGln5
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. {9kH<,PJ;!
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn -nVQB146^
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals \qx$h!<
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team ~*OQRl6F
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off X$aN:!1
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boom Production boomed. G(g`>' m
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper >?-etl
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short q"Ct=d
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Weare bound for London. Head make \"L
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Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to #~3$4j2U(y
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction vJybhdvP
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) DrAp&A|WV|
Theyhave called off their engagement. gLm ]*
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. $w,O[PIi
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful f*Z8C9)
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Weshould not doubt his capability. }MUQO<=*
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency Q7
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. UF_?T.Rl^
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation p`+=)
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. "YC5viX
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process g!QX#_~Il
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition >'eY/>n{
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center She centered her attention on the problem. Th'B5:`
Focus concentrate fix No\3kRB4bi
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. s)A=hB-V
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment S5+W<Qs
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it.
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flexible changeable changing MnPk+eNJm
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. n:8<Ijrh
Selection/preference/option/alternative BO%aCK&
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. 4!U)a
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. FoW|BGA~
Stick adhere hold grasp C}=9m
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. TN=!;SvQU
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. 3EA+tG4KnO
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. G6XDPr:}
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key C~X"ZW:d[
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. pmuT7*<19
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join Fql|0
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark Xk9 8%gv
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark il[waUfmD
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate V)Ze>Pp
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast 7{Zs"d{s
Poetshave compared sleep to death. rAZ~R PrW
Sheis lovely beyond compare. OV/
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comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. \ch4c9
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. qkA8q@Y4|
Comparable/comparative (g3DI*
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. er.;qV'Wz6
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt Vx%!j&
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Hehas formed a good habit. fF^A9{{BS
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build kZ'wXtBYe
Assemble/manufacture/produce Tbj}04;I
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required {'6-;2&f
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. Q6r7UM
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise iCy$
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comprehensive/Comprehensible EMf"rGXu(
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. @@& ?,3
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware wu3p2#-Z
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. 8@]vvZ2/gj
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic R(IYb%L
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful V eLGxc
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. LzD,]{CC5
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel i}v3MO\X
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. k;
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continuously vs continually HAAU2A9B2
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express {GG;/Ns{f-
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. 5RR4jX]
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with ^AC2 zC
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correspond /.Jq]"
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. T}K@ykT
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. #dkSAS
Matter be of importance significant b ; U
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. sU"sd7#A
believe depended count confide rely depend bank VCa`|S?2
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. rtz ]PH
Crucial urgent pressing decisive ,y gDNF
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic ="
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(= Wu5H
cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. EXti
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break j9&x#U
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Itis not my custom to give in. 9
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Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature ~9c jc
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. ](>YjE0
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress Gk!CU"`sP
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish rN`-ak
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. `h<>_zpjY
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce Nzl`mx16
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. ;R^=($ X
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. Og?P5&C"9D
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent UDV6 ##$
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying.
bRI `ZT0
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover q5~"8]Dls
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. *OHaqe(*
Demand/require/callfor h&x;#.SYK
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. o^+g2;Ro
refuse decline rejects turn down vGD D
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. ,AyQCUz{*?
Thestorms are dying down. tfPe-
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Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. M~5Ja0N~
Themembers of the family had all died off. t?h\Af4Tf
Thisspecies has died out. ~U1M-<IX
AIt;~x
Canyou describe what he looks like? Ev,b5KelD
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell .r \g]
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. =S|dzgS/
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious 3EA`]&d>
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. Rz=wInFs
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous u*8x.UE8C0
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. sdXZsQw
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ 2t:CK
throwaway/cast off/get rid of AzFS6<_
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. $DhW=(YM_a
Herwritings display natural talents. b2UqN]{
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present gi<%: [jT
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. jDCf]NvOPM
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar K'S\$
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. :;N2hnHoG
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct ->5[C0: ]
-5<G^AS
Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. 8W}rSv+
distinguish tell separate divide K<?[^\
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. X oh@ (%
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized k;pU8y6Y
/prominent/important/superior ?EA&kZR]
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. 2 D!$x+|
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold 'Ad |*~
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive tq2TiXo%
uAv'%/
Herefused to disclose his name and address. `;z;=A*
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray =xRxr@
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. I8LoXY
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull 77~l~EX
draw pull drag push heave lift haul +*KDtqZjk
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing @po|07
jjJ l\Vn
Shedrove her car into the forest. U$T
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Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride CU
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage N="H
06t
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop 1iIag}?p
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. s&Ml1A :
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong >}>cJh6
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Itis your duty to go. jGKas I`
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role s14; \
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort i
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable %<
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. O5 ?3nYHa
economic/economical/economy _4MT,kN
sH{4 .tw
Hewent to a very good elementary school. >KMTxHE`+
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive o5|P5h
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. DqT
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Theacid has no effect on the metal. Ve\=By-a|
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. d
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Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. NamO5(1C
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. Th[Gu8b3
effect force power practice Y<oDv`aZ0
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination.
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Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire =
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. Msea kF
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. x9{&rldC
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. s@c.nT%BYL
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. _onEXrM
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. T nG=X:+=
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. xp<p(y8e1d
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. loPBHoE3@H
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. !tL&Ktoj
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. !O-9W=NJ
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He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. e//q`?ys
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower YPY'[j(p`n
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. V% c1+h <
equip provide W7ffdODb
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive yj+HU5L4
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. "7T9d)
exert practice exercise impose avail 1*>lYd8_
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. ]ZjydQjo)
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent %?7j
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come @6roW\'$
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Devotionis essential for work. sBo|e]m#
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable r^$4]@Wn
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent ^q uv`d
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Nothingis everlasting. kdX]Afyj
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood ;3D[[*n9
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Thebird extended its wings in flight. `V;vvHP A
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify A;4O,p@
oA _,jsD4
Hernose is a very attractive feature. GV5hmDzRs
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark Z|z+[V}[
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? <R6$ kom`
Inthe favor 7%-+7O 3ud
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous FK$?8Jp
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. ~olta\|
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot BJM_kKH
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. ]yxRaW9f
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. Tn~b#-0
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. l%aiG+z%6}
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders ;_yp@.,\T
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. 0 ttM_]#q
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant `YDe<@6'
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. ,
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Understand comprehend catch on get :
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. %)7HBj(*J
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout v2>.+Eh#
/handout/turn in PYldqY
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. O.n pi: a
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent -kp!.c
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Theygrouped together in fours. *(PQaXx4
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate tBNkVh(c
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter <<@vy{*Hg
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across >gAq/'.Q
Hernew film is quite a hit. success V j\1HQ
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect g{&a|NU^
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. AP=mj
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. rA9BY :N@
Shealways holds to her convictions. !br0s(|
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. |I7-7d-;/
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. ,bRvj8"M
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. gd>Op
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up yZ t}Jnv
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as 45l/)=@@B
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Ifonly I were rich! V.PbAN
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. ~ g$Pb[V
T69'ta32V
Immoralvs amoral CK1Xdyf_S
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. CW>f;
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Itwas he that initiated this project. (v*$ExF
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice Hk
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. (NUwkAOM}
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) 'S<ebwRd=
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Weare in for trouble. ?g2Wu0<
Heknow the ins and outs of the problem.
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Privatizationis thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. ZiodJ"r
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inferior superior senior junior similar prior <e|I?zI9-
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intellect insight perception understanding comprehension wisdom intuition ve_TpP
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intangible invisible S1NM9xHJ
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testified witnessed justified identified notify specify Q1? !,a
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sympathy Quite a number of people are in sympathy withyou on that point. q6%m .X7
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trade he traded in his car for a new model. S
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Inno way can teaching in school be separated from practice. bV+2U
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Wemust not give way to their demands. ZKM@U?PK
Youcan’t have everything your own way. !lBK!'0
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Thebridge ________ and the tank fell into the river. ( gave way gave to gave in gave up) ph~BxK )i6
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We’ll all take a vacation in the mountainsas soon as I finish working on this project. pF(6M3>IN