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主题 : 医学考博写作常用词汇选编
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楼主  发表于: 2014-10-12   
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医学考博写作常用词汇选编

一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 }d}sC\>U  
(一)医疗、医院、医生 #:BkDidt2v  
  1 、医生 u4FD}nV  
  ① doctor, medical worker w3q'n%  
  ② physician 内科医生 tco G;ir  
  ③ surgeon 外科医生 *CXc{{  
  ④ doctor in charge 主治医生 L< =Dl  
  ⑤ intern 实习医生 4#>Z.sf  
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 8?LT*>!  
RYCiO,+  
  2 、医院 G 3U[)("  
  ① hospital 6HBDs:   
  The specialized hospital 专科医院 Qqg.z-G%.  
  The general hospital 普通医院 stK}K-=`  
  The community hospital 社区医院 %`k [xz  
  The public hospital 公立医院 bu6Sp3g  
  The private hospital 私立医院 z<9C-  
  ② clinc 门诊 8GW+:  
  Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 + Fo^NT  
  ③ ward 病房 !`N:.+DT  
④ medical team 医疗队 _D}3``  
Lqxh y s  
3、 医疗手段 ?xv."I%  
(1)              drug therapy 药物治疗 b||usv[or  
(2)              medical treatment 医疗 G@Z%[YNw  
(3)              medical instruments 医疗器械 @P~%4:!Hr  
(4)              diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis >ye.rRZd`  
(5)              prevent (v) 预防 ?7wcv$K5  
(6)              sterilize (v) 消毒 | }*rSg .  
(7)              administrate a drug 给药 '8zd]U  
(8)              prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 [err$  
(9)              TCM 中医 D$4GNeB+#  
(10)          chemotherapy 化疗 )t+pwh!8  
(11)          medical service 医疗服务 I~F&@  
(12)          complain of (v) 主述 i/-IjgM"-  
(13)          health checkup 健康普查 y "+'4:_  
(14)          diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 /9kxDbj  
(15)          consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; d+)LK~  
ssQ1u.x9  
  4 、医疗体制 9^g8VlQdT  
  (1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 {M:/HQo  
  (2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 VtzZ1/J E  
  (3 )medical accident 医疗事故 0 N7I:vJ  
  (4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 MF.!D ;s  
  (5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 Hk+44   
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 D3aX\ NGP  
>F^$ ' b]  
  5 、医德 uY)4y0  
  (1 )medical ethics 医德 MHWc~@R  
  (2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 'X+aYF }Ye  
  (3 )humanistic 人道主义的 =>PX~/o  
  (4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 .(Ux1.0C  
  (5 )considerate 体贴周到的 A4l"^dZc  
  (6 )resolute 果断的 >DY/CcG\P  
  (7 )service quality 服务质量 )x [=}0C  
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people wH@< 0lw`<  
,e$RvFB  
  6 、病人 \I i# R  
  (1 )patient RgFpc*.T  
  (2 )the sick jS3@Z?x?*  
  (3 )the invalid ! weYOOu  
  (4) sufferer @.cord`  
   Vt zSM%=  
(二)疾病 oU3gy[wF;b  
  1 、 患病的表达方式 /Tl ybSC1  
  ⑴ suffer from (v ) w0js_P-uv  
  (2) contract (v ) >@4Ds"Ye"O  
  (3) people with some disease 患病人群 n$j B"1  
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 8_>:0(y  
"OUY^ cM  
  2 、必知疾病名称 7m8:odeF  
  heart disease 心脏病 -,=)O  
  hypertension 高血压 _mdJIa0D6k  
  kidney problem 肾病 J=^5GfM)J  
  stroke 中风 *sfz+8Y  
    shock 休克 2s 9U&  
  the blood pressure 血压 >)+U^V  
  diabetes 糖尿病 (o6 u ^#6  
  obesity 肥胖 t@cBuV`9c  
  terminal illness 绝症 %u|Qh/?7  
  incurable illness 不治之症 Pd  6  
  cancer 癌症 0\$Lnwp_  
  tumor 肿瘤 DML0paOm5  
  cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 T?__  
  emergency case 急症 _x#r,1V+D  
  serious illness 重症 dj0D u^ v4  
  the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 \BsvUGd  
  short breath 短气 hW c M.  
  syndrome 综合症 nDchLVw  
  complications 并发症 JR_c]AQYu  
  process 病程 .fW`/BXE  
  bone loss 骨质疏松 G WShv\c}  
short-sighted (adj)近视 J Y> I  
Sag\wKV8  
  3、传染病 ]Otl(\v(h  
  (1) 感染源 ':] w  
  virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 zjJyc?  
  (2 )传染疾病 aR;Q^YJ+a  
  some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 b}G +7B  
  influenza (简)flu 流感 Vk~}^;`Y  
  infection contagion 传染病 d{GXFT;0  
  infectious diseases 传染病 ln!KL'T]  
  AIDS 艾滋病 B "}GAk}V  
  SARS ')FNudsC  
  (3) 传染 q+G1#5  
  epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 XJOo.Y  
  block the channel (v) h; unbz  
  disseminate 传播 q C|re!K  
cross infection 交叉感染 wy&*6>.  
y.oJzU[p%  
  5 、疾病、病痛 *'t`;m~  
  illness ,!py n<_  
  sickness 6ensNr~ea  
  disease i\eykYc,  
  ailment XKK*RVs#  
suffering " 7 4L  
XF$C)id2p  
  6 、疾病的转归 =UP)b9*h  
  (1 )疾病的恢复 ?3, *  
  recover recovery gR>#LM&dG  
  recuperate C ]XDDr  
  resume ozo8 Tr  
  recruit _0`O}  
  reinstate +] _} \  
  (2) 疾病的恶化 0\o'd\  
  deteriorate 1|89-Ii]  
  aggravate MLb\:Ihy  
  exasperate u@3w$"Pv1  
  make worse @'y"D  
  worsen vtT:c.~d  
   <Jk|Bmw;  
    7、其他相关词汇 j?(QieBH  
  outbreak and spending BM W4E 5  
  break out (v) 疾病的爆发 RinRQd  
  spread (v) 疾病的扩散 ro{MD s  
  the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 }1P  
  taboo 禁忌 StVv"YY  
  speed up blood circulation (v) aU!UY(  
  improve the cardiac functions (v) -wt2ydzos  
  side effects 副反应 $b$D[4  
complain of 主述 {%Y7]*D  
Z-?9F`}  
   (!(bysi9  
(三)药物 G Xl?Zg  
  1 、药物名称 Id0F2  [  
  medicine ~83P09\T%  
  drug +*q@=P,  
  remedy >>r:L3<!  
  medicinal herbs L9@jmh*E  
  power URgF8?n  
  tablet #`$7$Y~]  
pill LayU)TIt  
%U 7B0-  
  2 、药物用法 ~}*;Ko\  
  开药 : `N|CL  
  prescribe some medicine for some diseases (Nahtx!/9  
  write out a proscription 4/?Zp4g  
  服药 (/U1J  
  take a medicine v2{s2kB=  
  治…的疾病 t^5_;sJQ  
a remedy for some diseases N3<Jh  
>lmL  
3 、其他相关词汇 P}`1#$  
  drug therapy 药物治疗 xF;v 6d  
  side effects 副反应 !%r`'|9y  
  drug abuse 药物滥用 s_!Z+D$K  
  drugstore 药房 :\_MA^<  
  over the counter 非处方药 KT71%? P  
  drug allergy 药物过敏 us%RQ8=k  
  drug poisoning 药物中毒 Y +54z/{  
  prescription 处方 w>_EM&r6~u  
  expenses for medicine 药费 )6^xIh  
  charges for medicine 9AzGk=^  
drug rebate 药品回扣 ^6>|!  
:j<JZs>`R  
   Q0\5j<'e  
(四)心理疾病 (t$/G3E  
  1 、心理学专业词汇 T l(uqY?9  
  subhealth 亚健康 Tpx,41(k  
  psychological benefits 心理健康 mp3_n:R?  
  psychological problem 心理问题 z,YUguc|  
  psychological consultation 心理咨询 D ;$+]2  
  psychological obstacles 心理障碍 #`0z=w/)  
  mental obstacles 心理障碍 }# 5roNH~Z  
  psychological massage 心理按摩 l>Ja[`X@  
  psychology 心理学/ 心理 arVf"3a  
  psychotherapy 心理治疗 ky$: C,1t  
psychological expert 心理专家 W r7e_   
kTc5KHJ7  
  2 、情绪词汇 ik0Q^^1?Y  
  overcome p+UHJ&  
  disappoint VQjFEJ  
  disappointed )Q/`o,Vm  
  shy , l'". }6S  
  flush yPG\ &Bo  
  frustration ,h.Jfo54,  
  failure A<X :K nl  
  willpower x][9ptr h  
  optimism 8kM0  
  optimistic !2U7gVt"*  
  be sensitive to qs1.@l("  
  nervous Q[ Sd  
  tensional (VPM>ndkw  
  sad agony pessimism pessimistic gXLZ)>+A+  
  confident confidence m<,G:?RM  
  stress pressure })Mv9~&S  
  depress depressed eTRx6Fri(  
  depression depressive fy=C!N&/  
   2T(, H.O  
3 、疲劳相关词汇 [(hvK {)  
  fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary c]!D`FA*K  
   8xpYQ<cax  
(五)肥胖与营养 #[0\=B -  
  1 、营养物质 s!;VUr\  
  nutrient 营养素 (06Vcqg  
  protein 蛋白质 +=*m! 7Mr  
  fat 脂肪 6:@t=C  
  glucose 葡萄糖 'UvS3]bSYW  
  vitamin 维生素 n:^"[Le  
  sugar 糖类 8K JQ(  
  heat calories quantity of heat 热量 Y K?*7  
  carbohydrate 碳水化合物 Y0u'@l_[F  
  soft drink beverage 软饮料 HLoQ}oK|K  
cholesterol胆固醇 Q(;B)  
.xLF}{u  
  2 、营养与饮食 Msa6yD#  
  a well-balanced diet BvZ^^IUb  
  nutrition 营养 APtselC  
  nutritional 营养的 ,y8I)+  
6mF{ImbRbS  
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 #[U 9(44,  
$nf Bv f  
1.       下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall 3?*M{Y|  
2.       上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase xf^ <ec  
3.       禽流感 H1N1 flu /  bird flu / avian flu; Rgfc29(8  
4.       食品安全 food safety y3KcM#[  
5.       公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies "'F;lzq  
6.       应急反应 immediate response to KCJN<  
7.       .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU e:$7^Y,U/  
8.       城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system sk7rU+<  
9.       预防保健disease prevention and health care Pn+IJ=0Y  
10.   服务体系service system A *1Ut}  
11.   讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene joChML_  
12.   个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. Y3P.|  
13.   清淡的lite a)_rk a1(  
14.   蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet dq YDz  
15.   预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN 3qAwBVWa  
16.   人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 8:P*z  
17.   虫媒insect pollination; d`9W  
18.   虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease FpdDIa  
19.   肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; %ezb^O_6v  
20.   爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion " K 8&{=  
21.   传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" _e?q4>B)c  
22.   传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission UTDcX  
23.   传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D WCuzV7tw  
24.   污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate  Y8)E]D  
25.   福祉 well-being, happiness k]SAJ~bS|  
26.   衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s ?~"`^|d  
27.   每况愈下from bad to worse xl+DRPzl  
28.   相似的akin to=similar to ~Na=+}.q_  
29.   脓的,化脓的purulent – 5 l41Q  
30.   脂肪肝fatty liver lQV|U;~D  
31.   血压 hypertension X5uS>V%/  
32.   肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon \C]i|]tl  
33.   亚健康 sub-health 8 ,c4c@|Bh?  
34.   过劳死death from overwork [ G1kaF/`O  
35.   长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 t6'61*)|0  
36.   养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health 7"ylN"syZ  
37.   分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds .A3DFm3t  
38.   基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations JN9^fR09G  
39.   基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle r1i $D  
40.   道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 |h5kg<Zgo  
41.   民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people 9pWi.J  
42.   合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent ETU-]R3  
43.   死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from +"]oc{W!  
44.   .归结为 boil down to;come down to K!3{M!B   
45.   归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to ^9&b+u=X  
46.   归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to `.{U- U\  
47.   大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive hP?7zz$*j  
48.   大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak Pj'62[5z  
49.   表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly > &bv\R/  
50.   因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations S8\+XJ  
51.   孤立现象an isolated phenomenon $fj])>=H  
52.   复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate JW=uK$sO  
53.   极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy H{ZLk,  
54.   低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances K} +S+ *_  
55.   养老保险 endowment insurance d-~vR(tU  
56.   退休养老金retirement n 9oEpPL5  
57.   医疗改革health care reform xJ-*%'(KZ  
58.   激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity cn$5:%IK  
59.   月经期menstrual period S P*0f~eu  
60.   生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace *xPB<v2N:P  
61.   婴幼儿保健the infant health care im=5{PbJ^  
62.   安乐死euthanasia (wife#)~  
63.   得绝症的terminally ill J==}QEhQ{  
64.   临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! j~epbl)pC  
65.   濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient h6g:(3t6m  
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. *|oPxQCtK  
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