一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 - P4X@s_;
(一)医疗、医院、医生 _t6.9CXl
1 、医生 d 0:;IUG
① doctor, medical worker 8(H!iKHe
② physician 内科医生 ayLINpL
③ surgeon 外科医生 JE;!~=
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 A!a.,{fZ
⑤ intern 实习医生 Yb'%J@T}
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 l^__oam
[`1@`5SL-
2 、医院 9]|C$;kw@
① hospital 5zF$Q {3
The specialized hospital 专科医院 QPB^%8
The general hospital 普通医院 3.Jk-:u %m
The community hospital 社区医院 <{z-<D;
The public hospital 公立医院 48.4GwL7
The private hospital 私立医院
$qiM_06
② clinc 门诊 1#|qT
7
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 n_6#Df*
③ ward 病房 t~Qj$:\
④ medical team 医疗队 $]J<^{v
Bsj^R\
3、 医疗手段 V
P1z"j:
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 3E!3kSh|
(2) medical treatment 医疗 </
2Cn@
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 *d-JAE
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis z7&m,:M
(5) prevent (v) 预防 ?:+p#&I
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | <ti,W
n.
(7) administrate a drug 给药 $NBQv6#:
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 QvlVjDIy
(9) TCM 中医 FW3uq^
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 oW6b3Q/B
(11) medical service 医疗服务 8k^1:gt^
(12) complain of (v) 主述 8(}cbW
(13) health checkup 健康普查 K}p0$Lc
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 8`Tj *7Y=
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; FaKZ|~Y
e
n
m.5!.
4 、医疗体制 #r@>.S=U]
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 88l{M[B2
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 6Z;D`X,5
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 yp<)v(8|'
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 k>:\4uI|<\
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 b:$q5
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 it->)?"(6
zRB LkrC
5 、医德 'K|F{K
(1 )medical ethics 医德 '2SZ]
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 _!%@V=
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 )00jRuF
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 B8>@q!G8P
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 z
h%b<
(6 )resolute 果断的 +#6f)H(P]
(7 )service quality 服务质量 G9CL}=lJ,
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people [o.#$(
y_T%xWK
5
6 、病人 _OB^ywHn.
(1 )patient a4",BDx
(2 )the sick _$K
kSMA~_
(3 )the invalid 5Trc#i<\
(4) sufferer a)!R4
'r}y{`3M
(二)疾病 H`7T;`Yb
1 、 患病的表达方式 r<'B\.#tp>
⑴ suffer from (v ) +xNq8yS
(2) contract (v ) >dwY(a
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 cpx:4R,
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 0VIR=Pbp
;kD
Rm'(
2 、必知疾病名称 * K0aR!
heart disease 心脏病 -
90X^]
hypertension 高血压 }L>0}H
kidney problem 肾病 #YSFiy:+r_
stroke 中风 'fY29Xr^
shock 休克 s_U--y.2r(
the blood pressure 血压 K%;=
i2:
diabetes 糖尿病 ilQt`-O!
obesity 肥胖 e)|5P
terminal illness 绝症 i \@a&tw
incurable illness 不治之症 Q=^TKsu
cancer 癌症 ,6x>gcR
tumor 肿瘤 Bu4@FIK!C
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 ]m#*4
emergency case 急症 tQ`|MO&o
serious illness 重症 U Fyk%#L
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 n"nfEA3{`
short breath 短气 BxesoB
syndrome 综合症 )%HIC@MM6
complications 并发症
Z5[g[Q
process 病程 /$|-!e<5b\
bone loss 骨质疏松 |q
Pu*vR
short-sighted (adj)近视 lDZ~
2FR5RG
oD
3、传染病 Tj!
rAMQk
(1) 感染源 '-P+|bZ
W4
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 WLCr ~r^
(2 )传染疾病 Myh?=:1~(c
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 4j<[3~:0
o
influenza (简)flu 流感 kT:?1 w'
infection contagion 传染病 UtHloq(r
infectious diseases 传染病 &5hs
W1`
AIDS 艾滋病 #j"GS/y"
SARS .d+zF,02Z
(3) 传染 -cP1,>Ahv
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 Us% _'}(/U
block the channel (v) KIY9?B=+
disseminate 传播 hd)WdGJp
cross infection 交叉感染 P[jh^!<j
'a"Uw"/p[
5 、疾病、病痛 3!i{4/
illness Q<(aU{
sickness c,#Nd@
disease rVp^s/A^;
ailment nD}<zj$D2
suffering N:,V{Pw
UI*&@!%bzp
6 、疾病的转归 GK#D R/OM
(1 )疾病的恢复 @2TfW]6
recover recovery <}F(G-kV6
recuperate }sp?@C,Z
resume ,_K:DSiB
recruit "tu*(>'~5
reinstate V(Oi!(H;v
(2) 疾病的恶化 SKGnx
deteriorate <"av /`;
aggravate #;UoZJ B
exasperate (@S9>z4s
make worse bnV)f<
worsen /mwDVP<z /
&?k`rF9
7、其他相关词汇 "WH
&BhQYD
outbreak and spending SRrp
=>w?
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 0UQ
DB5u
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 K]&GSro
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 ozA%u,\7k
taboo 禁忌 7>-99o^W
speed up blood circulation (v) (V"7H
improve the cardiac functions (v) am/D$ (l1
side effects 副反应 ?S.LGc
complain of 主述 Kc+9n%sp
Ah
zV?6e
H-8_&E?6m
(三)药物 w7~&Xxa/
1 、药物名称 P5'VLnE R{
medicine uC2 5pH"
drug ~-~iCIa
Tb
remedy zF&_9VNk=c
medicinal herbs K:Z|# i-
power B*fBb.Z
tablet Wr,pm#gl6
pill )7WLbj!M
ZV[-$
2 、药物用法 ?y^ ix+M
开药 : f1t?<=3Ek<
prescribe some medicine for some diseases >8injW352
write out a proscription D~,iI7ac
服药 CDDEWVd
take a medicine ShOB"J-
治…的疾病
kb'l@d#E
a remedy for some diseases n'@XgUI,
Rz33_ qA
3 、其他相关词汇 ?$b*)<
drug therapy 药物治疗 Vje LPbk)
side effects 副反应 D*
8oFJub
drug abuse 药物滥用 ;AT~?o`n
drugstore 药房 K?V'
?s
over the counter 非处方药 M5+K[Ir/y9
drug allergy 药物过敏 $"Nqto~
drug poisoning 药物中毒 wodff_l
prescription 处方 `_M&zN
expenses for medicine 药费 ?gS~9jgcd
charges for medicine gR k+KGKn<
drug rebate 药品回扣 <:~'s]`zf
<2PO3w?Z
ra{HlB{
(四)心理疾病 =UFmN"
1 、心理学专业词汇 n^rzl6dy
subhealth 亚健康 Fh ^Ax3P(
psychological benefits 心理健康 )H<F([Jri
psychological problem 心理问题 QBTjiaYGa'
psychological consultation 心理咨询 N#vV;
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 m H&WoL<K
mental obstacles 心理障碍 $-_@MT~
psychological massage 心理按摩 ~`VD}{[,B
psychology 心理学/ 心理 fngk<$lvg
psychotherapy 心理治疗
oz\r0:
psychological expert 心理专家 =p$:vW
Rm=[Sj84
2 、情绪词汇 bOdyrynh
overcome RhumNP<M
disappoint > 0NDlS%Q:
disappointed -wn(J5NnR
shy , Z$ Mc{
flush 2ee((vO&
frustration !$.h[z^
failure v/}hy$7
willpower 2W=am_\0e.
optimism )\0LxsZ
optimistic -nC!kpo
be sensitive to /?
HLEX
nervous .g95E<bd
tensional %
%Z|6V74
sad agony pessimism pessimistic Q~AK0W
confident confidence &&{_T4
stress pressure }e0)=*;l
depress depressed 9x[|75}l
depression depressive PEHaH"|([=
Fwv(J_'q
3 、疲劳相关词汇 jCv%[H7
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary qECta'b&
}@S''AA\
(五)肥胖与营养
h"5!puN+
1 、营养物质 q<*UeyE
S
nutrient 营养素 [ZkK)78}k
protein 蛋白质 +~]LvZtI_
fat 脂肪 ^N_ ?&pgy
glucose 葡萄糖 $+.!(Js"K
vitamin 维生素 9Wi+7_)
sugar 糖类 +XN/ bT
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 iH""dtO
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 QUU'/e2^c
soft drink beverage 软饮料 .8.LW4-ff
cholesterol胆固醇 >X!A/;$
V[N4 {
c
2 、营养与饮食 S
;FgS:;
a well-balanced diet zV8^Hxl
nutrition 营养 my^2}>wi
nutritional 营养的 XKq}^M&gy
>m;
*Zk`
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 p +>vX
X
ZhpbbS
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall V
K)%Us-
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase (jY -MF3
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; Rg?m$$X`
4. 食品安全 food safety pZv>{=2hOS
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies -h/KrB
6. 应急反应 immediate response to a9 CK4Kg
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU NlnmeTLO5
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system 56
raZC
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care O~WT$
10. 服务体系service system A R%Y#vUmBV{
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene aJi0!6oy
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. fq2t^c|$
13. 清淡的lite {tlt5p!4
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet
Mmu>&C\
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN i$ :\,
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 b\l +S2
17. 虫媒insect pollination; &X
nbZ&_
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease (IY=x{b
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; {IlX@qWr
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion 4x'N
#m{p
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" [N-t6Z*
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission uS%Y$
v
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D
Mk -Rl
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate pg%'_+$~m
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness 85Hb~|0
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s zu~E}
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse dsh S+d
28. 相似的akin to=similar to C)r!;u)AZH
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – >
lRa},5(
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver *0
0K3
31. 血压 hypertension uD2v6x236
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon g`}+K U
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 Y!8Ik(/~i
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ x-:a5Kz!
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 G@O~*k1v
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health IfH*saN7
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds k8}*b&+{vz
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations Lwg@*:`d
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle Myj 68_wf
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 g?'4G$M
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people `(r[BV|h}
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent *)V1Sd#m
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from eAkj pc
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to Wn(pz)+Y
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to JO4rU-
n
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to =+T$
1
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive ,<[Q/:}[
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak
Sc!{
o!9\
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly ?]`kc
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations ]vJ]
i<|b
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon y^o*wz:D*
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate W?5u O
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy f_*Bd.@
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances )F\tU
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance uY,(3x
56. 退休养老金retirement n o<*H!oyP\
57. 医疗改革health care reform CH6^;.
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity wt;7+
59. 月经期menstrual period S nQ*9|v4
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace ZSKSMI%D
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care pXfg{2
62. 安乐死euthanasia "t4$%7L]
63. 得绝症的terminally ill eIzT(3(
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! 35dbDgVz$
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient jl;%?b
x
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. *C~O[:6D