2011年医学考博英语词汇讲义
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主讲:翁华
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开场介绍
学词汇需注意的事项
1
、难度系数不好界定 v>CAA"LH 2
、考博要求有较大的词汇量 6 6WAD$8$ 3
、可以参考的单词书籍:《如鱼得水背单词》 ig3HPlC 4
、借助真题背单词 i9+(gX(t 5
、背单词的核心方法:词根、词缀 CK
eT%3 tYK
5?d 题型的分类
词形相近类 $e1==@
R 例如: {0
d/; A .commerce, B. commence, C. comment, D. commend
=Bu>}$BD ya8MjGo commerce
商业 6 Ty;m>j comment
评论 \tH^w@j47 commend
赞美 o<Hk/e~ qT}<D`\ 例如:并发症 9}LcJ A .compensation B. complication C .contamination D. contemplation
wxU@M1w} jz ;N&62| complication
并发症 706-QE^ compensation
补偿或弥补(经济学) o|FjNL contamination
污染(放射性、化学性) `5,46_ contemplation
冥思苦想 Bn
JpC<xm IJ >qs8 例如: KG7 ~)g A. emit B. emerge C. submit D. submerge
VrDSN ! f!/~M"! emit
发射、发送 `F-<P%k emerge
突然出现 8[@aX;I submerge
沉入、下沉 _D<=Yo submit
提交、递交、屈服、让步 tbMf_-g UqHk2h- 四选项有三项为近义词类 Z',Z7QW7 例如: ]34fG3D| A. fresh B. evident C. obvious D. apparent
"QCtF55X& 同一场景类 ]=Im0s 例如: 'YKyY:eZ A. parole B. penalty C. prosecute D. charge
[{R^!Az&b< .
tRp parole
假释、保释 3(?V!y{@ penalty
死刑或严重的惩罚 1{%3OG^' prosecute
(for
)= charge
(with
) 控告 e'"2yA8dh" 固定搭配类 yE+Wb[H[ *GUQz 例句: /?
(\6Z_A (1) Look, look, who is coming back? Theapple of my eye.
4th*=ku (2)Speaker A: Hey, Marry, how have youbeen lately? I haven
’t heard from
vMD
%.tk you for ten years.I heard that you still did the same job as ten
S=f:-?N| years ago. Whathappened to you?
S1d^mu Speaker B: While, you know, I likewhat I am now. I am not the kind of
#Jx6DQGa person who wants topolish my boss' apple to get ahead
。 10gh4,z[ 第一部分 基础练习
Unit 1
1.
The day was breaking and people began togo to work so the murderer was unable to ______ of the body. Dt#( fuk# A.
dispense B.
dispose C.
discard D.
discharge JCe%;U 2.
Can you imagine! He offered me 5000 to break my contract.That′s ______ . Of course I didn′t agree. I would take legal action. {e35O(Y A.
fraud B.
blackmail C.
bribery D.
compensation W{@,DQ 3.
Her remarks ______ a complete disregardfor human rights. | XGj97#M A.
magnified B.
maintained C.
manipulated D.
manifested p+.xye U( 4.
The unfortunate death of the genius poetcaused ______ loss to this country. $l
W
7me A.
priceless B.
countless C.
incalculable D.
imaginable ;xXD2{q 5.
Before the disastrous earthquake therewas ______ chaos. #B$r|rqamq A.
massive B.
ominous C.
suspending D.
imminent fo$s9g^< 6.
On behalf of my company, I am ______ toyou and your colleagues for your generous help. t>KvR!+`g A.
subjected B.
inclined C.
available D.
obliged fK
4,k:YC 7.
The appearance of the used car is ______, it's much newer than it really is. GEs5@EH A.
descriptive B.
indicative C.
deceptive D.
impressive q2{A
q[ 8.
His office is ______ to the President′s;it usually takes him about three minutes to get there. r9
5hW A.
related B.
adhesive C.
adherent D.
adjacent S!Bnz(z 9.
The none of students in the class likesthe mistress, who is used to being ______ of everything they do. bxc!x>) A.
emotional B.
optimistic C.
interested D.
critical y 1I(^<qO= 10.
I didn′t know it then, but this disruptiveway of reading started with the very first novel I ever picked up. &=.SbS A.
harmful B.
persistent C.
interruptive D.
characteristic xoB "hNIX 11.
The problem is that the loss ofconfidence among the soldiers can be highly contagious. 'Szk!,_ A.
spreading B.
contemptible C.
contented D.
depressing i6-&$< 12.
The sales manager was so adamantabout her idea that it was out of the question for any one to talk her out ofit. uQmtd A.
adaptable B.
anxious C.
firm D.
talkative O<\h_
13.
Other non-dominant males were hyperactive;they were much more active than is normal, chasing others and fighting eachother. Xw'Y
&!z A.
hardly active B.
relativelyactive C.
extremely inactive D.
pathologicallyactive p!o+8Xz5 14.
While he was not dumber than an ox, hewas not any smarter; so most of his classmates were lenient and helpedhim along. QUb#84 A.
helpful B.
merciful C.
enthusiastic D.
intelligent Fo;
. 15.
Before the construction of the road, itwas prohibitively expensive to transport any furs or fruits across themountains. KB`">zq$u A.
determinedly B.
incredibly C.
amazingly D.
forbiddingly TjWMdoU$J 16.
At dusk, Mr. Hightower would sit in hisold armchair in the backyard and wistfully lose in reminiscence of hisyouth romances. w:|YOeP A.
hopefully B.
reflectively C.
sympathetically D.
irresistibly PBY;SG~ 17.
The prodigal son spent his money extravagantlyand soon after he left home he was reduced to a beggar. J,_IHzO~Z A.
lavishly B.
economically C.
thriftily D.
extrovertly a
IgV"3 18.
The chimney vomited a cloud ofsmoke. _h1:{hF A.
ignited B.
immersed C.
emitted D.
hugged dz"HO!9 19.
The rear section of the brain doesnot contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual oremotional faculties. r34 GO1d A.
advanced B.
growing C.
front D.
back Uv|^k8( |n~Vpy 医学词汇
zebra 斑马
PESJ7
/^E doze 打盹
'l
41];_ yearling 一岁家畜
wrEYbb duckling 小鸭子
Z*kZUx7I< yield屈服
,生产
8
huB<^ unyielding 不屈不挠的
wg{Y6XyH eggshell 蛋壳
^SJa/I EZ. eggwhite 蛋清
nTH!_S>b(Y yolk 蛋黄
/GU%{nT yeast 酵母
,发酵粉
,}HnS)+ x=acec uc oc icien 生产,制造,做
~\~XD+jy" defect 毛病,缺陷
}ej-Lu,b3 sunsea seed earth nyr)d%I{ sense理智
>a5avSn sensibility 情感
Jm{~H% constitute 组成,构成
*EzAo constitution宪法
WgC*bp{ prostitute妓女,糟蹋
#^;^_ destitute 困穷的
+H8;*uZ|k, semen 精子
^p !4`S insemination 受精
&m>txzo dissemination 传播
MB]Y|Vee sol 唯一的
`Ao;xOJ solo独奏,独唱
D:Y`{ { insulin胰岛素
kzcD}?mSS q'p>__Ox 第二部分 历年真题
全国医学博士英语统一考试2000年试题
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary (15 %)
Section A
mca9 +v Directions:In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases, markedA, B, C, and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
m
K@a7fF? 1.Thisenvironment can also affect a person's mental and ______ health.
A.conventional B.personal C.physical D.impersonal
2.This is ablanket term that covers a wide range of oral activities that have an elementof ______.
A.sensitivity B.simplicity C.creativity D.possibility
3.Except formother's milk, no drink boasts a more ______ reputation for youngsters thanfruit juice.
A.worthwhile B.wholesome C.explicit D.nutritious
4.Whicheverapproach is adopted, each student will require material and ______ which is athis level.
A.presentation B.constituent C.compound D.allocation
5.If the cellscannot use sugar, the body begins to ______ its own tissues for food.
A.breakthrough B.break down C.break out D.break over
6.He had alwayshad a good opinion of himself, but after the publication of his best-sellingnovel he became unbearably ______.
A.cordial B.proud C.conceited D.exaggerated
7.The braincenters that process numbers seem to be different for exact and ______calculations.
A.adequate B.apparent C.approximate D.objective
8.He felt thepain again when the effect of the drug ______.
A.wore on B.wore down C.wore out D.wore off
9.If you are amember of the League you must ______ to its rules.
A.approach B.conform C.respond D.abide
10.He may givethe impression of being severe, but he is quite a kind person ______.
A.fromheart B.at heart C.of heart D.by heart
11.At the sametime, the commercial value of English tuition as a ______ has initiatedcompetition for more effective methods and materials.
A.commodity B.morality C.diversity D.reality
12.An immediatesearch over 1,000 square miles of sea failed to ______ single piece ofwreckage.
A.turn up B.turn down C.turn over D.turn round
13.Should theybe included in our list of problems requiring special techniques and ______?
A.character B.therapies C.expertise D.specification
14.The method ______further investigation.
A.merits B.constitutes C.accomplishes D.appeals
15.They abolishor closely control the legislature, and quickly ______ freedom of speech,assembly, and the press.
A.suspend B.supervise C.sustain D.suppress
Section B
Directions: Each of the following sentences has a word or phraseunderlined. There are four other words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choosethe word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the original sentenceif it were substituted for the underlined part. Mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
16.The pain wassevere at the beginning, but it soon ended.
A.passedaway B.died off C.took away D.died down
17.You can not burdenyour memory with too much information.
A.retain B.load C.retrieve D.associate
18.The insurancecompany estimates his assets at over three million dollars.
A.accessories B.finances C.accommodations D.returns
19.Experts cautionthat no matter which method patients choose, they may need to wear eye glassesagain one day-at least for reading.
A.advise B.conclude C.warn D.claim
20.We also have courageand determination to build paradise or at least try.
A.guts B.desire C.confidence D.zeal
21.The queerwoman kept over one hundred cats in her house.
A.odd B.energetic C.generous D.subtle
22.Peering into the crowd, Luanno saw Robin walking slowly toward his father,his head tiled to one side.
A.Lookingcasually B.Looking closely
C.Looking unintentionally D.Looking cautiously
23.Thesetechniques were applied over the centuries.
A.employed B.explored C.manipulated D.innovated
24.The policemenwere assaulted by a shower of stones.
A.astounded B.attacked C.retreated D.scattered
25.He made acareer of imitating famous people for night club audiences.
A.bringingout B.taking off
C.makingout D.getting at
26.The arbitrarydecision of the factory owners caused anger among the workers.
A.orbital B.optional C.assertive D.disappointed
27.The strong,light-weight bamboo makes an excellent reinforcement for concrete.
A.replacement B.enforcement
C.substitute D.strengthening
28.If a clientinsists upon being stubborn, lawyers have to settle claims in court.
A.obstinate B.indignant C.obsessive D.furious
29.Theconclusion seems irresistible: that no wall of separation betweenreligious affirmations.
A.inevitable B.unbelievable
C.reasonable D.unconquerable
30.Babies needto be held and soothed when they are disturbed or hurt.
A.smoothed B.calmed C.touched D.cared
全国医学博士英语统一考试2001年试题
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary(15 %)
Section A
P$
|DiiH Directions:In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases markedA, B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
D3emO'`gQ 1
.we are all overwhelmed with morefacts and information than we can possibly ______
L5*,l`lET A
.feed B
.maintain C
.absorb D
.consume
T6ZJ SKM 2
.pleasure, or joy, is vital to ______health.
<.<Q.z A
.optimistic B
.optional C
.optimal D
.operational
~-w 3
.A ______ effort is required toachieve health.
i#~1|2 A
.committed B
.restricted C
.composed D
.sophisticated
\T_?<t,UT x6x6N&f? =9;jVaEMJL 4
.A person's belief ______ and colorshis experience.
D{,B[5 A
.contradicts B
.shapes C
.summarizes D
.exchanges
\[+\JWJj 5
.Many professors encourage studentsto question and ______ their ideas
1% )M-io A
.convey B
.voice C
.challenge D
.conform
/m;w~-N 6
.You are healthy when are ______your outer and inner environments.
CFh&z^]PR A
.in relation to B
.with regard to
5W!E.fz*
T C
.in contrast with D
.in harmony with
>P=xzg79 7
.Good health is a spirited ______ ofenergy ,smooth skin, strong, supple limbs, and a positive joy in life.
!P!|U/|c A
.texture B
.mix C
.burst D
.peak
'ej{B0rE 8
.The ______ of emotional andpsychiatric disorders that can prompt person to seek therapy is wide.
MQ>vHapr A
.formula B
.coverage C
.interval D
.spectrum
EVj48 9
.Work is a ______ of satisfaction.
ANCgch\ A
.measure B
.terminal C
.source D
.resource
<!zItFMD[m 10
.If you ______ a heart-attack orstroke victim who needs your assistance, your first response should be to staycalm and urge bystanders to call for an ambulance.
7@vcQv
kC A
.find out B
.go into C
.pass by D
.come across
_TB\@)\ 11
.Today people still don't makehealth a(n) ______ because they have no time.
@/JGC%! A
.privilege B
.issue C
.principle D
.priority
"MXd! 12
.Mental exercise can favorably ______the structure of the brain just as physical exercise can change one's bodilyproportions.
xsFW F*HPs A
.modify B
.adjust C
.develop D
.contrast
h3p 3~xq 13
.The distinctions between thedifferent schools and approaches are often very ______
V_}`2.Pg A
.subtle B
.sufficient C
.superficial. D
.superior
SQ5*?u\ 14
.Despite the limitations of astandard CT, it does a ______ job of picture the internal anatomy of the body.
cp?`\P A
.supreme B
.superb C
.sufficient D
.superfluous
oT|E\wj 15
.The city government is getting itsresidents to properly ______ their garbage.
/p>"|z A
.break up B
.dispose of C
.check out D
.hand out
Y=3Y~ {=g-zsc]K Part B
4g1u9Sc0 Directions:Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined. There are fourother words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the word or phrase thatwould best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted forthe underlined part. Mark your answer of the ANSWER SHEET.
v:6b&wSL3 16
.The recent
deterioration inthe economy is of great concern to the government.
hkU#
lt A
.depression B
.deficiency C
.degeneration D
.deformity
/2HwK
/RZ 17
.A substantial hike in the top rateof income tax would not solve this problem but merely aggravate the nation'salready
waning support.
~82jL%-u A
.depreciating B
.warning C
.declining D
.startlingl
g'Xl>q 18
.He was not
conspicuouslyhairy nor shiny-bald, but his hair was graying and receding tactfully inkeeping with his age.
@/0aj A
.prominently. B
.warily C
.consciously D
.conventionally
&`TX4b^/! 19
.The water company is obliged tomaintain a supply of
wholesome water
{J0^S A
.available B
.hydraulic. C
.balanced D
.hygienic.
Z@ws,f^e 20
.Smoking makes one six times morelikely to get oral cancer partly because the smoke constantly
assaultsthe tissues that line the mouth and throat.
C#-x 3d-{ A
.detects B
.contaminates C
.occupies D
.attacks
2s{yg%U( 21
.Most organisms must
fit in withtheir surroundings because their skills to alter their environment arerestricted and highly specialized.
fRa1m?%s A
.attach themselves to B
.succumb to
d ,QJf\fc" C
.lean on D
.adapt themselves to
IeU.T@ $ 22
.Instead of being recycled, garbageis left to accumulate in
insanitary heaps which attract flies and spreadinfectious diseases.
;%jt;Xv9 A
.innocuous B
.gathering C
.filthy D
.inflammable.
zWY6D4
23
.The prevalence of highlyintelligent devices has eliminated the
handicaps associated with mostdisabilities
5;^8wh( A
.disadvantages B
.dispositions C
.disappointment D
.discomforts
bm+ Mr 24
.In general, lasers operate bycreating an intense amount of light and energy which is then
convertedinto heat and used to control bleeding or destroy diseased tissue.
r\NnWS J A
.developed B
.reduced C
.transformed D
.decoded
-%N (X8 25
.Shyness, the most common form ofsocial anxiety, occurs when a person's apprehensions are so great that they
inhibithis making an expected or desired social response.
16Xwtn72 A
.discharge B
.trigger C
.restrain D
.defer
lT:<ZQyjT 26
.The secret to turning a dailystroll into a meaningful form of exercise is to
pick up the pace.
8@qahEgQ A
.dilate B
.multiply C
.accelerate D
.enlarge
TRq~n7Y7C 27
.How many people know that the term “arthritis”may refer to dozens of defferent types of joint
involvement?
Va 5U`0 A
.disorder B
.knuckle C
.dislocation D
.therapy
rb_G0/R 28
.Amokers are more
prone toosteoporosis, a major cause of fractures in old people, particularly post-menopausewomen.
T5Fah#-4 A
.reliable B
.liable C
.reasonable D
.compatible
e!-'O0-Kw 29
.The project was
hampered bya constant stream of visitors.
B#DV<%GPl A
.held up B
.cut off C
.carried out D
.given up
.6"7Xxe]< 30
.During the summer
sessionthere will be a revised schedule of services for the university community.
08`
@u4 A
.term B
.climate C
.heat D
.portion
67g/(4 & vK{K#{ 全国医学博士英语统一考试2002年试题
Section A
B 3h<K} Directions: Inthis section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words of phrases, marked A,B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
+\ySx^vi 31
.An enormous number of people in theworld's poorest countries do not have clean water or adequate sanitation ______
/Yh([P> A
.capacities B
.facilities C
.authorities D
.warranties
#X8[g _d/ 32
.Family-planing clinics give out ______advices to people who have decided to limit the size of their families.
B%pvk.` A
.. insensitive B
.interrogative C
.contraceptive D
.communicative
)6j:Mbz 33
.Caffeine is the ______ drug thatwill just about get you out of the door on time to catch the bus.
Kaa*;T![ A
.miracle B
.myth C
.trick D
.legend
Vg+SXq6G 34
.Today investigators are still farfrom ______ a master map of the vasculature of the heart.
"+WR[-n>\ A
.constituting B
.decoding C
.drafting D
.encoding
fkG8,=
35
.I have never seen a more caring, ______group of piople in my life.
}cT}G;L'- A
.emotional B
.impersonal C
.compulsory D
.compassionate
NLpD,q{ 36
.By the time I reached my residency,I ______ treated the patient as a whole human being.
$>UzXhf}\ A
.yearned for B
.broke into C
.pass for D
.made for.
}';&
0p2Z 37
.We now obtain more than two-thirdsprotein from animal resources, while our grandparents ______ only one-half fromanimal resources.
B<R-|-# A
.originated B
.digested C
.deprived D
.derived
=FbfV*K9 38
.Obesity carries an increased riskof ______.
_~kcr5 A
.mortality B
.mobility C
.longevity D
.maternity
O>GP>U?] 39
.The best exercise should requirecontinuous ______, rather than frequent stops and starts.
3KKe4{oG A
.compassion B
.acceleration C
.frustration D
.exertion
,2`d3u^CW 40
.Environmental officials insist thatsomething be done to ______ acid rain.
zT% kx:Fk A
.curb B
.sue C
.detoxify D
.condemn
"v1(f| a Section B
<@A^C$g Directions:In this section each of the following sentences has a word or phraseunderlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose theone word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence ifit is substituted for the underlined part. Then mark the letter of your choiceon the ANSWER SHEET.
*K(xES!b 41
.It would be wildly optimistic tobelieve that these advances
offset such a large reduction in farmland.
L@Z
&v'A A
.take in B
.make up C
.cut down D
.bring about
$ZRN#x@ 42
.To begin with, it is impossible to
comeup with a satisfactory definition of what constitutes happy and unhappymarriage.
t}7wRTG A
.explain B
.oppose C
.represent D
.propose
}'W^Ki$ 43
.Politicians often use emotionalrather than
rational arguments to win the support for their actions andideas.
>{S $0D S;'eoqN8 A
.applicable B
.favorable C
.sensitive D
.reasonable
pJz8e&wyLM 44
.Tests are one way for a teacher to
assesshow much a student has learned.
|pqpF?h5| A
.observe B
.appraise C
.appreciate D
.induce
Yg[IEy 45
.Through live television, the worldis now able to
witness historical events as they happen.
Z?.*.<"Sj A
.reserve B
.confirm C
.perceive D
.transmit
O+?zn: 46
.Most experts say that the new taxplan will have a
negligible effect on the country's economic problems.
d_uy;-3 A
.indefinite B
.indispensable C
.infinite D
.insignificant
j6vZ{Fx;w 47
.I don't know how you could have
leftout the most important fact of all.
4E>(Y98 A
.omitted B
.fabricated C
.pinpointed D
.embraced
0J
NOFX 48
.Family and cultural beliefs and
normsare important predictors of health-seeking behavior.
:dN35Y] a A
.formulations B
.standards C
.principles. D
.notions
S I7B6c 49
.There must be a systematic approachto
retrieving notes and analyzing them.
DA$Q- A
.regain B
.relieving C
.reversing D
.rectifying
Wk?|BR]O 50
.To study the distribution ofdisease within an area, it is useful to
plot the case on a map.
dyzwJ70K A
.mark B
.allocate C
.erase D
.pose
$`{q[ { k6'# 全国医学博士英语统一考试2003年试题
Part ⅡVocabulary(10%)
NP`s[ Section A
V6MT> T
Directions: Inthis section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words of phrases, marked A,B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
N&APqT 31
.Sometimes you can get quite ______when you are trying to communicate with someone in English.
eCIRt/ uA A
.frustrated B
.depressed C
.approved D
.distracted
&OR