2011年医学考博英语词汇讲义
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主讲:翁华
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开场介绍
学词汇需注意的事项
1
、难度系数不好界定 L j\<qF~n 2
、考博要求有较大的词汇量 6P$q7G 3
、可以参考的单词书籍:《如鱼得水背单词》 XRin~wz|S 4
、借助真题背单词 P0<uF`87 5
、背单词的核心方法:词根、词缀 Jl}7]cVq# ]sE^=;Pv? 题型的分类
词形相近类 O#k+.LU 例如: nV1,
):kh A .commerce, B. commence, C. comment, D. commend
N~YeAe~+ KcE=m\ h commerce
商业 'ZZ/:MvQa comment
评论 bSzb! hT` commend
赞美 S([De"y iBt5aUt 例如:并发症 Bf'(JJ7&N A .compensation B. complication C .contamination D. contemplation
b1"wQM9 +ZO*~.zZ complication
并发症 uR[i9%=8L( compensation
补偿或弥补(经济学) Adm`s . contamination
污染(放射性、化学性) yo=d"*E4^ contemplation
冥思苦想 G})mw Ar_/9@n 例如: 2J5dZYW A. emit B. emerge C. submit D. submerge
}I0^nv1 Hqk2W*UTl emit
发射、发送 ;DOz92X94 emerge
突然出现 !.A>)+AK submerge
沉入、下沉 3h>Ji1vV submit
提交、递交、屈服、让步 - K{ID$!p q]aRJ`9f 四选项有三项为近义词类 iJK9-k~ 例如: ? "gy`oC
v A. fresh B. evident C. obvious D. apparent
,$Mw/fA 同一场景类 VI4d/2e 例如: RL%{VE A. parole B. penalty C. prosecute D. charge
A@4Cfb@ @NF8?>! parole
假释、保释 |cacMgly penalty
死刑或严重的惩罚 {+ m)*3~w prosecute
(for
)= charge
(with
) 控告 b({2|R 固定搭配类 `@90b4u 6eBQ9XV 例句: 5D#*lMSP"' (1) Look, look, who is coming back? Theapple of my eye.
9D@Ez"xv (2)Speaker A: Hey, Marry, how have youbeen lately? I haven
’t heard from
wsARH>Vz you for ten years.I heard that you still did the same job as ten
tP UQ"S years ago. Whathappened to you?
;J:YNup Speaker B: While, you know, I likewhat I am now. I am not the kind of
aCanDMcBnq person who wants topolish my boss' apple to get ahead
。 B3D4fYQ 第一部分 基础练习
Unit 1
1.
The day was breaking and people began togo to work so the murderer was unable to ______ of the body. 4-\a]"c A.
dispense B.
dispose C.
discard D.
discharge HZm44y$/ 2.
Can you imagine! He offered me 5000 to break my contract.That′s ______ . Of course I didn′t agree. I would take legal action. %
ug`dZ/ A.
fraud B.
blackmail C.
bribery D.
compensation .C1^QY-wL 3.
Her remarks ______ a complete disregardfor human rights. %w@(V([(c A.
magnified B.
maintained C.
manipulated D.
manifested !#r]f9QP 4.
The unfortunate death of the genius poetcaused ______ loss to this country. R'{V&H^Z A.
priceless B.
countless C.
incalculable D.
imaginable q*T+8O 5.
Before the disastrous earthquake therewas ______ chaos. e'jR<ln| A.
massive B.
ominous C.
suspending D.
imminent 1F=x~FMvY 6.
On behalf of my company, I am ______ toyou and your colleagues for your generous help. Y3thW@mD05 A.
subjected B.
inclined C.
available D.
obliged 8E" .y$AW 7.
The appearance of the used car is ______, it's much newer than it really is. 71~V* A.
descriptive B.
indicative C.
deceptive D.
impressive d&fENnt?h 8.
His office is ______ to the President′s;it usually takes him about three minutes to get there. Lpn`HAw& A.
related B.
adhesive C.
adherent D.
adjacent PBUc9/ 9.
The none of students in the class likesthe mistress, who is used to being ______ of everything they do. jQc0_F\ A.
emotional B.
optimistic C.
interested D.
critical 0]Li"Wb 10.
I didn′t know it then, but this disruptiveway of reading started with the very first novel I ever picked up. 6S<pWR~ A.
harmful B.
persistent C.
interruptive D.
characteristic ,
w_ Ew 11.
The problem is that the loss ofconfidence among the soldiers can be highly contagious. R4o_zwWgPw A.
spreading B.
contemptible C.
contented D.
depressing
rR7}SEa 12.
The sales manager was so adamantabout her idea that it was out of the question for any one to talk her out ofit. xD~:= ]G A.
adaptable B.
anxious C.
firm D.
talkative $GcVC (]
13.
Other non-dominant males were hyperactive;they were much more active than is normal, chasing others and fighting eachother. E)`+ 1j A.
hardly active B.
relativelyactive C.
extremely inactive D.
pathologicallyactive NZ
Xmrc{S 14.
While he was not dumber than an ox, hewas not any smarter; so most of his classmates were lenient and helpedhim along. b[/-lNrc A.
helpful B.
merciful C.
enthusiastic D.
intelligent Q4UaqiL
15.
Before the construction of the road, itwas prohibitively expensive to transport any furs or fruits across themountains. GI/g@RV A.
determinedly B.
incredibly C.
amazingly D.
forbiddingly . [C~a 16.
At dusk, Mr. Hightower would sit in hisold armchair in the backyard and wistfully lose in reminiscence of hisyouth romances. @P%&Dha A.
hopefully B.
reflectively C.
sympathetically D.
irresistibly E*CY/F I_ 17.
The prodigal son spent his money extravagantlyand soon after he left home he was reduced to a beggar. c(@)V.o2 A.
lavishly B.
economically C.
thriftily D.
extrovertly pN?
18.
The chimney vomited a cloud ofsmoke. $oh}!Smt A.
ignited B.
immersed C.
emitted D.
hugged Yw./V0Z{@ 19.
The rear section of the brain doesnot contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual oremotional faculties. 65g\WB+/ A.
advanced B.
growing C.
front D.
back rR/PnVup /S
]<MS 医学词汇
zebra 斑马
nq
r[HFWs doze 打盹
2jA-y!(e yearling 一岁家畜
40mgB4I duckling 小鸭子
)/Ul"QF yield屈服
,生产
hbn2(e;FZ unyielding 不屈不挠的
?oP<sGp eggshell 蛋壳
)p 2kx eggwhite 蛋清
rtC.!].;% yolk 蛋黄
tvavI9 yeast 酵母
,发酵粉
iku) otUc x=acec uc oc icien 生产,制造,做
jo/-'Lf{? defect 毛病,缺陷
)nQA) uz sunsea seed earth h9$Ov`N(% sense理智
X)x$h{ OE sensibility 情感
``DS?pUY constitute 组成,构成
^pIT,|myY7 constitution宪法
xXQDHc-Ba prostitute妓女,糟蹋
Z
XlW_CGO destitute 困穷的
iW9G0Ay semen 精子
0"3l2Eo insemination 受精
73
ix4C dissemination 传播
*`7cvt5]IM sol 唯一的
\ ?sM solo独奏,独唱
\c (R#*0, insulin胰岛素
oF7o"NHaWa _vr>-
:G 第二部分 历年真题
全国医学博士英语统一考试2000年试题
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary (15 %)
Section A
$t}t'uJ Directions:In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases, markedA, B, C, and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
-C1,$mkj 1.Thisenvironment can also affect a person's mental and ______ health.
A.conventional B.personal C.physical D.impersonal
2.This is ablanket term that covers a wide range of oral activities that have an elementof ______.
A.sensitivity B.simplicity C.creativity D.possibility
3.Except formother's milk, no drink boasts a more ______ reputation for youngsters thanfruit juice.
A.worthwhile B.wholesome C.explicit D.nutritious
4.Whicheverapproach is adopted, each student will require material and ______ which is athis level.
A.presentation B.constituent C.compound D.allocation
5.If the cellscannot use sugar, the body begins to ______ its own tissues for food.
A.breakthrough B.break down C.break out D.break over
6.He had alwayshad a good opinion of himself, but after the publication of his best-sellingnovel he became unbearably ______.
A.cordial B.proud C.conceited D.exaggerated
7.The braincenters that process numbers seem to be different for exact and ______calculations.
A.adequate B.apparent C.approximate D.objective
8.He felt thepain again when the effect of the drug ______.
A.wore on B.wore down C.wore out D.wore off
9.If you are amember of the League you must ______ to its rules.
A.approach B.conform C.respond D.abide
10.He may givethe impression of being severe, but he is quite a kind person ______.
A.fromheart B.at heart C.of heart D.by heart
11.At the sametime, the commercial value of English tuition as a ______ has initiatedcompetition for more effective methods and materials.
A.commodity B.morality C.diversity D.reality
12.An immediatesearch over 1,000 square miles of sea failed to ______ single piece ofwreckage.
A.turn up B.turn down C.turn over D.turn round
13.Should theybe included in our list of problems requiring special techniques and ______?
A.character B.therapies C.expertise D.specification
14.The method ______further investigation.
A.merits B.constitutes C.accomplishes D.appeals
15.They abolishor closely control the legislature, and quickly ______ freedom of speech,assembly, and the press.
A.suspend B.supervise C.sustain D.suppress
Section B
Directions: Each of the following sentences has a word or phraseunderlined. There are four other words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choosethe word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the original sentenceif it were substituted for the underlined part. Mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
16.The pain wassevere at the beginning, but it soon ended.
A.passedaway B.died off C.took away D.died down
17.You can not burdenyour memory with too much information.
A.retain B.load C.retrieve D.associate
18.The insurancecompany estimates his assets at over three million dollars.
A.accessories B.finances C.accommodations D.returns
19.Experts cautionthat no matter which method patients choose, they may need to wear eye glassesagain one day-at least for reading.
A.advise B.conclude C.warn D.claim
20.We also have courageand determination to build paradise or at least try.
A.guts B.desire C.confidence D.zeal
21.The queerwoman kept over one hundred cats in her house.
A.odd B.energetic C.generous D.subtle
22.Peering into the crowd, Luanno saw Robin walking slowly toward his father,his head tiled to one side.
A.Lookingcasually B.Looking closely
C.Looking unintentionally D.Looking cautiously
23.Thesetechniques were applied over the centuries.
A.employed B.explored C.manipulated D.innovated
24.The policemenwere assaulted by a shower of stones.
A.astounded B.attacked C.retreated D.scattered
25.He made acareer of imitating famous people for night club audiences.
A.bringingout B.taking off
C.makingout D.getting at
26.The arbitrarydecision of the factory owners caused anger among the workers.
A.orbital B.optional C.assertive D.disappointed
27.The strong,light-weight bamboo makes an excellent reinforcement for concrete.
A.replacement B.enforcement
C.substitute D.strengthening
28.If a clientinsists upon being stubborn, lawyers have to settle claims in court.
A.obstinate B.indignant C.obsessive D.furious
29.Theconclusion seems irresistible: that no wall of separation betweenreligious affirmations.
A.inevitable B.unbelievable
C.reasonable D.unconquerable
30.Babies needto be held and soothed when they are disturbed or hurt.
A.smoothed B.calmed C.touched D.cared
全国医学博士英语统一考试2001年试题
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary(15 %)
Section A
DPqk~ KCM Directions:In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases markedA, B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.
bh
V.uBH 1
.we are all overwhelmed with morefacts and information than we can possibly ______
wA$ JDf)Vg A
.feed B
.maintain C
.absorb D
.consume
sbqAjm} 2
.pleasure, or joy, is vital to ______health.
JB[n]| A
.optimistic B
.optional C
.optimal D
.operational
(]ToBju 3
.A ______ effort is required toachieve health.
Pr|BhX A
.committed B
.restricted C
.composed D
.sophisticated
p$.m=+K~ {B|)!_M# apy9B6%PJ+ 4
.A person's belief ______ and colorshis experience.
tr?U/YG A
.contradicts B
.shapes C
.summarizes D
.exchanges
0KT^V R 5
.Many professors encourage studentsto question and ______ their ideas
Wl?
0|{W A
.convey B
.voice C
.challenge D
.conform
CmP_9M?ce 6
.You are healthy when are ______your outer and inner environments.
?/3'j(Gk A
.in relation to B
.with regard to
mQd
L"caA C
.in contrast with D
.in harmony with
I)]"`2w2w 7
.Good health is a spirited ______ ofenergy ,smooth skin, strong, supple limbs, and a positive joy in life.
\%BII>VS A
.texture B
.mix C
.burst D
.peak
j3=%J5< 8
.The ______ of emotional andpsychiatric disorders that can prompt person to seek therapy is wide.
)
wqG^yv A
.formula B
.coverage C
.interval D
.spectrum
E!"N}v 9
.Work is a ______ of satisfaction.
r{mj[N'@ A
.measure B
.terminal C
.source D
.resource
FHOF6}if 10
.If you ______ a heart-attack orstroke victim who needs your assistance, your first response should be to staycalm and urge bystanders to call for an ambulance.
!94q F,#1 A
.find out B
.go into C
.pass by D
.come across
Lqa|9|! 11
.Today people still don't makehealth a(n) ______ because they have no time.
A r,fmq A
.privilege B
.issue C
.principle D
.priority
aWS_z6[t#6 12
.Mental exercise can favorably ______the structure of the brain just as physical exercise can change one's bodilyproportions.
i U"2uLgb A
.modify B
.adjust C
.develop D
.contrast
Ah:d2*SR4 13
.The distinctions between thedifferent schools and approaches are often very ______
8.WZC1N A
.subtle B
.sufficient C
.superficial. D
.superior
;M<R
e 14
.Despite the limitations of astandard CT, it does a ______ job of picture the internal anatomy of the body.
pOq9J7BS A
.supreme B
.superb C
.sufficient D
.superfluous
)`5=6i 15
.The city government is getting itsresidents to properly ______ their garbage.
\p.eY)> A
.break up B
.dispose of C
.check out D
.hand out
N!lQ;
o' qxbGUyH== Part B
T|^KG<uPV! Directions:Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined. There are fourother words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the word or phrase thatwould best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted forthe underlined part. Mark your answer of the ANSWER SHEET.
~{cG" 16
.The recent
deterioration inthe economy is of great concern to the government.
Xn6'*u>+;[ A
.depression B
.deficiency C
.degeneration D
.deformity
B`w@Xk'D 17
.A substantial hike in the top rateof income tax would not solve this problem but merely aggravate the nation'salready
waning support.
M$Or|HTG A
.depreciating B
.warning C
.declining D
.startlingl
0z
c~!r~ 18
.He was not
conspicuouslyhairy nor shiny-bald, but his hair was graying and receding tactfully inkeeping with his age.
irooFR[L9 A
.prominently. B
.warily C
.consciously D
.conventionally
A}W}H
;8x 19
.The water company is obliged tomaintain a supply of
wholesome water
Q@ghQGn# A
.available B
.hydraulic. C
.balanced D
.hygienic.
tlyDXB~+ 20
.Smoking makes one six times morelikely to get oral cancer partly because the smoke constantly
assaultsthe tissues that line the mouth and throat.
q?$<{Z" A
.detects B
.contaminates C
.occupies D
.attacks
_FxQl]@ 21
.Most organisms must
fit in withtheir surroundings because their skills to alter their environment arerestricted and highly specialized.
W.m2`] &