图表及图表类型 ^v
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1、图表:chart, graph, diagram :m]/u( /N
2、各类图表: *Ao2j;
表格:table; {ms,q_Zr
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; V+peO
饼形图:piechart; sKe,
线形图:linechart 或curve chart w'!ECm>*`
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 gW'P`Oxw
1、“数字数据”相关 hyJ
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(1) the number of sth. O~$ {&(
(2) data, statistics, figures 3w
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(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion D8)O4bh
(4) around, over, appropriately oK#\HD4U
2、表达“上升” j#7wyi5q
(1)常见词汇 9 %D$T'K
increase → (名词形式increase ) l#X=]xQf
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) aUKh})B
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) ?(fQ<i n
go up a];BW)
注意以下短语数量上的区别: u(8 _[/_B
increase by +数字上升到... jN31\)/i
increase to +数字上升了... [SCw<<l<
reach to +数字达到... K?5B>dv@A
(2)其他词汇 A)hq0FPp
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 gV<0Hj
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增
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rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 Zx}NFcn
(3) 地道表达 x?%rx}h
double, triple B@ZqJw9J[
3、表达“下降” 5u'TmLuKT
(1) 常见词汇 mgJShn8]
decrease (名词形式decrease ) RY\{=f
drop (名词形式drop) b}ySZlmy
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) a/`c ef
decline (名词形式decline ) ?R|fS*e2EB
go down $w|o@ Ml)
(2)其他词汇 hg[l{)Q
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 2uvQf&,
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 F,'^se4&
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 )z]q"s5 Y
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 NWo7wVwc/c
4、表达“波动” Q3B'-BZe
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) uznoyj6g
go up and down tx:rj6-z
rise and fall "/4s8.dw+u
5、表达“保持平稳” {ED(O-W
remain stable (或 remain constant) JLy)}8I
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) xm%[}Dt]
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) cCo07R
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 Gt\
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dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable 6e$sA (a=i
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 \3n{w
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady s
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▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” mV:RmA
1、v. + adv. ?)Czl4J
decline slowly z:ru68
grow dramatically 8!o{W=m^4
fluctuate sharply f_re"d 3u
2、 adj. + n. dI#8CO
a slow decline 0@sr
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a dramatic growth C>w9
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a sharp fluctuation rj2r# {[
a slight increase ?RRSrr1
a significant increase \J,- <wF
3、 on a +adj.+ n E]u'MX
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: RS||KA])J
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. s%L"
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2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. u/!mN2{Rd